122 
AILING ANIMALS. 
Buying an Unsound Mare. 
Would it be safe to buy a fine three-year- 
old past filly with foal at half price on 
account of one enlarged hock joint? She 
got hurt in the pasture about 18 months 
ago, no one knew how. w. d. a. 
North Carolina. 
if the filly is otherwise of good confor¬ 
mal ion and is in foal to the service of a 
purebred, registered, finely-formed stallion 
the proposition may prove to be profitable. 
We say this for the reason that accidental 
deformities do not prove hereditary ; hence 
the foal will not be affected and may turn 
out a valuable animal, while the mare can 
be retained for breeding purposes. As a 
rule, however, it does not pay to bother 
with unsound breeding stock, nor with lame 
animals that cannot be used for profitable 
work on the farm. The profit in horse 
breeding comes mainly from brood mares 
that do enough work to fully pay for their 
keep. Besides this it is quite possible 
that the filly has a bone spavin, which sim¬ 
ply has been induced by an injury, but 
came as a result of such injury because 
there is a hereditary (inborn) tendency to 
do that very .thing, viz., develop a bone 
spavin, in that case the filly will be likely 
to go lame on working her and would 
transmit a tendency to spavin. If a bone 
spavin is present, no matter what caused it. 
we would not invest in this animal. 
Indigestion in Horse. 
We have a horse that suffers with severe 
attacks of indigestion. Local veterinaries 
advise us to sell, which is not very satis¬ 
factory to us, as he is a most useful animal, 
eight years old and weighs about 1,250 
pounds. Would you tell what we can do 
for horse? j. l. 
Vermont. 
We take it that the severe attacks oi 
indigestion take the form of colic, but you 
do not say whether these are attacks of 
cramp colic (spasmodic) or of wind colic 
(flatulency). Unless the horse happens to 
have these attacks by reason of the pres¬ 
ence of intestinal calculi or of aneurisms 
due to worms it should be a comparatively 
easy matter to prevent recurrence of the 
attacks. They would then be due to care¬ 
lessness in feeding and watering or to bad 
or unsuitable food, too much food, or lack 
of exercise. You give no particulars to 
enable one to judge as to these matters, 
and we can only advise you to work or ex¬ 
ercise the horse thoroughly every day of 
the year, wet or shine; always allow the 
drinking water before feeding and not soon 
afterward; feed hay freely at night, 
lightly in the morning and not at all at 
noon when there is work to be done. Feed 
whole oats and dry bran. Avoid feeding 
ground or steamed or boiled food or bran 
mashes. See that hay is of first-class qual¬ 
ity. Bed with baled shavings or sawdust 
if horse eats his bedding. Allow him a box 
stall and free access to rock salt. 
Sores on Teats. 
I have a cow about eight years old 
which has something wrong with her teats. 
I bought her last Spring, soon after she 
became fresh. The calf was sucking at the 
time I got her. At that time she had a 
sore or two on each teat, and thought it 
might be caused by the calf, and I weaned 
the calf at once and after the use for some 
time of a salve the teats healed and both¬ 
ered but little through the Summer, but in 
the Fall I noticed once in a while a sore. 
They would first appear in the form of a 
lump in the skin and after a day or two it 
would appear blistered and sometimes quite 
a thick piece would peel off. This would 
then scab over and be sore for some time, 
just before the skin begins to peel off it 
looks white or dead. At times there are 
sores on udder around base of teats. Some¬ 
times these are just lumps and disappear 
and make but little trouble. I noticed once 
one of these lumps formed into a boil and 
gave forth some pus. It is the condition 
of the teats that bothers and which I am 
anxious to rid them of if possible. Some¬ 
times the whole side of the (eat is affected, 
as one is just now, and I noticed this 
morning where it begins to peel off a sort 
of black sp'ot appeared to be under that 
peeling off. These places on the teats don't 
appear to fester, but a sort of watery stuff 
comes from them. I would like to learn, 
if possible, just what to use or do. The 
cow will be fresh about March 1. She 
appears to be all right in every way except 
as stated. She eats well and gets exercise 
in plenty, I think. g. h. F. 
Iowa. 
Read the answer relative to “cow pox’’ 
on page 94 as it will be of interest in 
this connection. As the trouble referred to 
by our correspondent is chronic, however, 
we suspect that cow pox is not now pres¬ 
ent, although it possibly may have been 
the primary disease. At the present stage 
we believe the sores to be due to infection 
from dirty stall floors. Where the skin 
becomes macerated by urine and wet from 
manure, etc., it readily chafes, and then 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February G, 
may become affected by a micro-organism 
known as bacillus necropliorus. Such in¬ 
fection leads to the formation of pustules 
or ulcerating sores and sloughing of skin, 
and may Income what is termed the “con¬ 
tagious" form of garget (mammitis). We 
would advise a thorough cleansing of the 
floors, gutters and all other parts of the 
cow stable, to be followed by free use of 
a strong disinfectant, such as a mixture 
of four ounces of sulphate of copper to the 
gallon of boiling hot water, then apply 
fresh-made lime wash, to each gallon of 
which has been aded a quarter of a pound 
of chloride of lime. When a lump is seen 
to be forming upon the teat or at its base 
paint it with tincture of iodine and repeat 
the application each other day. When the 
boil opens and discharges apply campho- 
phenique daily and as soon as it has filled 
up, but possibly remains raw, paint it with 
glycerite of tannin as required. In ob¬ 
stinate cases we would give the cow half 
an ounce of hyposulphite of soda once 
daily in food or drinking water until well. 
Nose Bleed in Horse. 
I would like to find out what is the 
matter with one of our horses, a mare from 
12 to 14 years of age, weighs 1,200 pounds. 
Three weeks ago while hauling home a load 
of coal, she had the nose bleed. She also 
bleed some from the mouth. I had to leave 
load by side of road and get another horse 
to take load the rest of the way. We are 
five miles from town and have some heavy 
grades. We did not use her again until 
yesterday to haul, any loads, was driven 
few times on buggy. She is fed Timothy 
buy, oats, corn and bran nearly equal parts, 
and half pound of oil meal twice a day, 
grain three times a day, two quarts at a 
feed. While hauling manure up a steep 
grade recently she began to bleed again. 
It was second load: ground was little soft. 
The day we drew the coal was cold and 
quite windy. Hoads were fine and frozen. 
She is in good flesh; is troubled with 
worms. I have been giving her condition 
powders and oil of tar. What is trouble 
and what can be done? j. h. 
New York. 
Overstraining causes sudden congestion 
of the blood vessels and nose bleed fol¬ 
lows rupture of some small vessel in the 
head or possibly in the lungs. In the 
latter case the blood would be bright red, 
frothy and come from both nostrils. In 
ordinary nose bleed the blood is dark red, 
not frothy and usually from but one nos¬ 
tril ; some may come from the mouth. It 
would seem that the horse is not in fit 
work condition, and overfeeding and lack 
of exercise may be the cause. On general 
principles we would stop feeding condition 
powders, corn and oil meal, but continue 
the oats, bran and hay. Then see that the 
horse takes plenty of outdoor exercise every 
day or work her lightly every day, and 
avoid steep grades or heavy pulls until she 
has become thinned down and muscular. If 
possible allow her a roomy box stall when 
in the stable and see that the stable is kept 
clean and perfectly ventilated. Work her 
in a breast collar if trouble persists. For 
worms give a tablespoonful of a mixture 
of equal parts of dried sulphate of iron, 
salt, flowers of sulphur and ground gen¬ 
tian root in feed night and morning for a 
week; then skip 10 days and repeat. 
Thrush in Fore Feet. 
Do you know of any remedy that will 
cure a horse that has the “thrush”? Frogs 
in his front feet are nearly gone. I have 
been around horses for 25 years and tried 
things to cure the disease but it does not 
help him any. I bought the horse about 
three months ago; he is a big strong ani¬ 
mal, about 10 years old, and would be 
worth about twice the money I gave for 
him if he could be cured. y. 
Pennsylvania. 
Standing in wet and filth causes thrush, 
which is characterized by a discharge of 
thin, foul-smelling pus from the cleft of 
the frog and, in chronic cases, by con¬ 
traction of the hoof, crusty, cracked con¬ 
dition of the heels and sloughing of the 
frog. In an old standing case mere treat¬ 
ment of the local conditions will not prove 
remedial. Clip the hair from the coronets 
(lioof-heads) and blister at intervals of 
two or three weeks by rubbing thoroughly 
for 15 minutes with a mixture of one dram 
of biniodide of mercury and two ounces of 
cerate of cantharides. Wash the blister 
off in three days; then apply a little lard 
daily. This will stimulate growth of new 
sound hoofs. Have the horse stand on 
sawdust or baled shavings and keep the 
bedding clean and dry. Cut away all loose, 
rotten or under-run horn from frogs, soles 
and heels and apply calomel freely, keep¬ 
ing it in place by means of cotton batting 
and bandages. Renew the dressing once 
daily. Thrush usually affects the hind 
feet; hence it is possible that some more 
serious disease is present in this case. 
a. s. A. 
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Roots for Stock. —Referring to the 
article on page 23 by O. W. Mapes on the 
production of mangels, I append statement 
of my crop for 1908 on one-third acre of 
land, which has been cropped to beets for 
10 successive seasons, bringing about the 
same crop every year. The soil is black 
muck, free from stone, naturally wet but 
well drained. Seed sown May 1 cost as 
follows: 2 pounds seed, at 30 cents; GO 
cents; 11 loads of manux’e, $6; one-third 
acre land, interest on, 82 cents; thi-ee days 
work of hired man, $4.50; total, $.11.92. 
Balance of cultivation was done by my¬ 
self at odd times, mostly with one horse 
and cultivator. Harvest consisted of 42G 
bushels measure in potato crates. They 
were fed to a dairy of 11 milch cows (ex¬ 
cept a few bushels saved for the hens) 
furnishing them one-half bushel each per 
day for 2Vi months. a. k. m. 
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Enosburg Kails. Vermont 
Early 
Maturity 
■\V> 
A cow, steer, horse or hog 
reaches maturity by steps or 
stages of growth, occupying a 
length of time varying from a few 
months to two or three years. There is 
WWm no possibility of escaping this “ growing 
*’ % period;’’ but there is a possibility of mak¬ 
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when food consumed will yield a direct return 
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• * TO 
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Is the outcome of "The Dr. Hess Idea,” and was formulated by Dr. HessfM.D., D.V.S) because his medical knowledge led him 
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INSTANT LOUSE KILLER KILLS LICE 
