February 13 , 
132 
THE INTERNATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS 
EXHIBITION. 
This, held at Museum of Natural History 
building, 79th street and Central Park 
West, New York, is the most elaborate 
attempt yet made to impress on the public 
mind the sinister importance of the white 
plague that takes its yearly toll of a mil¬ 
lion human lives at- an estimated yearly 
cost to the civilized world of $8,000,000,- 
000 or more. The attendance has been 
much larger than ever known at previous 
.exhibitions, crowds following the lecturers 
about at all hours from 10 a. m. to 11 
p. m. including Sundays and holidays, for 
several weeks, in earnest endeavor to ac¬ 
quire all possible information concerning 
the dread and all too common disease. 
Every country in the world having the 
slightest claim to modern civilization was 
represented and amid the bewildering 
masses of statistical information so con¬ 
spicuously and graphically portrayed the 
attentive visitor could gradually form the 
following conclusions: 
That consumption or human tuberculosis 
is the most widely disseminated and gen¬ 
erally destructive of all diseases. 
That while no race, country or clime is 
exempt it is most destructive in crowded 
and generally unsanitary conditions, among 
tropical races out of their natural habitat, 
and among ill-fed and intemperate work¬ 
ing people the world over. 
That while the cause of tuberculosis is 
well-known and the life history of the 
tubercle bacillus or organism causing 
consumption has been thoroughly worked 
out. absolutely no progress has been made 
regarding the medical treatment of the 
disease. 
That while tuberculosis at present is in¬ 
curable from the strictly medical stand¬ 
point there is while life exists always a 
strong tendency toward self-cure, which 
by the aid of proper sanitary measures 
may often entirely overcome the disease. 
There arc cured consumptives in every 
community, some never being conscious 
that they had contracted the disease. 
That the disease is contagious in that 
living bacilli in the expectoration and dis¬ 
charges of tuberculous wounds of consump¬ 
tives infect other humans that may be 
subject to the disease at the time. The 
bacilli live out of the body for a con¬ 
siderable interval, especially if kept moist 
at moderate temperatures, and may be 
carried about in various ways, particularly 
in the form of dust from dried sputum. 
They cannot long endure sunlight, very 
severe drying nor temperatures higher 
than 180 degrees. 
That infection occurs by direct action of 
inhaled bacilli in the air cells of the lungs, 
by absorption through wounds and ab¬ 
rasion of the skin, and possibly in the 
digestive organs by means of infected food 
or water. 
That the most susceptible period of life 
is from five to 40 years, and that the 
great majority of humans are quite re¬ 
sistant to infection, which is almost every¬ 
where present. 
That there is no evidence worthy of the 
name that humans can be infected by 
bovine or cow tuberculosis by the or¬ 
dinary use of milk or flesh from tuber¬ 
culous cattle. This is shown by the un¬ 
deniable fact that consumption is as com¬ 
mon and destructive in Oriental countries 
where dairy products and the flesh of 
horned cattle are practically never used. 
It is desirable to use clean milk and 
healthy beef, and milk sterilization may be 
very useful to prevent the dissemination 
of scarlet and typhoid fevers and other 
dangerous diseases, but it is barking up 
the wrong tree to impute the spread of 
human tuberculosis to the cow. 
That careless consumptives are a menace 
to humanity, and should for the benefit 
of the public be segregated in sanitary 
camps*—'which is being done all over the 
world. 
That the careful consumptive, consider¬ 
ate of the rights of others, and using best 
methods to prevent spread of infection, is ] 
best off at home, has an excellent chance 
of recovering if the disease is early recog¬ 
nized, and is no menace to the persons he 
or she comes daily into contact with. 
That the chilly horrors of the cold or 
open air treatment often outweigh any 
iii dividual advantage. Persons with in¬ 
sufficient or damaged lungs suffer from air 
hunger and demand considerable ventila¬ 
tion but may be best off when warm and 
dry. “Fresh air” cranks do much harm 
by exposing susceptible individuals to dan¬ 
gerous drafts. 
That clean air, clean surroundings and 
clean and abundant food are not only the 
best preventives but the best cures for 
consumption. 
That the average home rentals in all 
crowded cities are too high for the major¬ 
ity of wage workers to secure the neces¬ 
sary sanitary surroundings even if thor¬ 
oughly well aware of their importance. 
That the abominably filthy habit of 
expectoration in public places probably 
contributes more to spread and maintain 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
the disease than all other factors. Pub¬ 
lic receptacles should be maintained every¬ 
where and every individual without excep¬ 
tion be compelled to use them or other¬ 
wise dispose of sputum in a sanitary man¬ 
ner, and finally, that the consideration of 
the white plague is a tremendous subject, 
far too great for one or 50 columns in 
The It. N.-Y. 
In Southern Maryland. —We have a 
fine country down here, only 40 miles from 
Washington and about the same from Bal¬ 
timore, with cheap transportation by water 
(no place in county over six miles from 
navigable water), but there is no railroad 
in county except at upper end about three 
or four miles. Tobacco is the great staple, 
and as prices have been better the last two 
or three years farmers are feeling brighter 
as to prospects. I have 75 lambs from two 
to four weeks old and doing finely; feeding 
Alfalfa hay and corn. I keep 100 ewes, 
and 64 have lambed so far; I expect 35 or 
40 more lambs. .Sell direct to butcher in 
Washington; last year from $7.50 for first 
25 to $6 for remainder, and he pays the 
freight. From 200 S. C. W. Leghorn pul¬ 
lets I have got since December 1 a 35 per 
cent yield, and sell direct to consumer in 
Washington for highest retail price on day 
crate is received; could sell ten times as 
many on same terms. Express on crate, 
35 cents. I am increasing my flock of sheep 
and want GOO pullets next year. I keep 
pullets in what is called a fodder house 
here. Foies are set up in an inverted V 
shape covered with cornstalks; 200 pullets 
in one lot. A cheap house, and no lice, as 
we build a new one every Winter. House 
is 14-feet at ground and 45 feet long with 
south end open and roosts in back end; 
very warm and plenty of fresh air. I 
keep pullets in movable colony houses, 
8x10 feet, in tobacco ground during the 
Summer and move occasionally; they keep 
all worms off crop. I use incubators and 
brooders. 
On my next (1909) tobacco land 20 
acres have Crimson clover where I am 
pasturing sliotes and brood sows, they are 
doing nicely on very little grain. I have 
Crimson clover six inches high, seeded 
August 7, 1908, will plow under about May 
15, in time for tobacco. I have had no 
trouble getting Alfalfa everywhere seeded in 
lighter lands; expect to put in 20 acres more 
next Fall. I shall seed land in cow peas in 
Spring, then graze off with cattle and hogs 
before seeding about September 1. Land 
has been in the long past the l>ottom of 
river, as it is full of oyster shells, in fact 
after a rain if looks white. I raise about 
100 acres of hay (find ready sale for all 
surplus in county) and same of corn, which 
feeds cattle, hogs and sheep sell very little, 
if any. j. b. key. 
St. Mary’s Co.. Md. 
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