182 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 20, 
THE COLUMBIAN CATTLE. 
A Development from Native Stock. 
Few people seem to know that there is 
a genuine American breed of cattle evolved 
directly from “native” stock by patient 
selection. The “Columbian” breed is of 
this class, and the following letter from 
the secretary of the Columbian Cattle As¬ 
sociation gives some facts about the ani¬ 
mals. A good specimen of the breed is 
shown at Fig. 68. 
These cattle were originated by A. T. 
Gregory, of Mt. Vision, N. Y. He has 
now been breeding them for about 30 
years, and has bred them up from what 
was commonly called native cattle. 
From what stock these natives origi¬ 
nated I don’t know, but people who 
have had an interest in such matters 
tell me that the early settlers of this 
town brought their cattle from Con¬ 
necticut, and they were probably a mix¬ 
ture of different breeds brought over 
from Europe by the early settlers. 
However, before the Jerseys, Guern¬ 
seys and Holsteins had become so pop¬ 
ular, a great majority of the cattle of 
Otsego Co. were called natives, which 
were medium-sized cattle of various 
markings: red, red and white, brindled 
and line backs were quite common 
here and they were, like the early settlers 
of New York and New England, very 
hardy and active. About 30 years ago 
A. T. Gregory owned one of these line- 
back cows that was unusual in ability 
to give large returns for what she con¬ 
sumed. and was a very persistent 
milker, having such a good constitution 
that it was very noticeable, even among 
the hardy race of cattle that she sprung 
GRAIN IN NEW YORK STATE. 
How much longer in years will the 
farmers in central New York try to 
compete with the prairie farmers in 
growing wheat? How many years more 
will the farmers on land that is worth 
in ready cash, $50 an acre, try to com¬ 
pete in raising wheat, with the great 
Vest, where the broad wheat lands 
can be procured for $10 an acre? 
How many more years will our central 
New York farms be impoverished by 
the plow and harrow, and our pa¬ 
tient cattle be wintered on straw? 
Grass is a natural product, and both 
grass and cattle grow while the wearied 
farmer sleeps and rests. Just stop for 
a minute and look over these items! 
Suppose we estimate the number of 
farms in the United States to be 5,000,- 
000, and on each farm an increase of 
one in sheep or swine or cattle or colts 
—only one kind, and only one of that 
kind—and that one to be five dollars in 
value, and we have $25,000,000 added 
to the value of our farm products in one 
year. Again, in the growth of the ani¬ 
mal and in its manurial product, we 
have some substitute for the costly 
muriates, nitrates and phosphates which 
we buy for our wheat lands. c. F. b. 
R. N.-Y.—At present prices many 
farmers in New York are better able to 
compete with the Western States in 
growing wheat than ever before. A 
large share of western grain is now 
grown on land which sells for more 
than New York farm land is worth. 
There is $50 land in New York which 
can be made to produce more corn to 
from. She also transmitted her good 
qualities to a great extent to her off¬ 
spring. By keeping all of her heifer 
calves and breeding and selecting along 
this line we now have a breed of 
American cattle as uniform in mark¬ 
ings and general characteristics as any 
of the old breeds of cattfle. 
\ on ask why the Columbians are 
superior to the Holsteins, Jerseys or 
Devons. As for constitution, the Dev¬ 
ons cannot be beaten, but the Colum¬ 
bians are their equal, and -the Colum¬ 
bians are far superior as a dairy ani¬ 
mal, the Devons having been bred for 
beef, wherein they will excel the Co¬ 
lumbians. The Columbians will rank 
well with the Jerseys as dairy animals 
under favorable conditions. And for 
rough hill pastures, where energy and 
staying quality is required, it is my. 
opinion that the Columbians are more 
than the Jersey’s equal. The Holsteins 
are also lacking in constitutional vigor 
where they are required to hustle; that 
is, with such care and feed- as a great 
percentage of the farmers will furnish. 
But under favorable conditions, with 
plenty of good feed within easy reach, 
the Holstein has no equal as a pro¬ 
ducer of a heavy yield of low-grade 
milk. We make no claims for the Co¬ 
lumbians only when asked, as we do 
not want to advertise, having more calls 
for stock than we can supply. The fact 
is, their appearance does the talking. 
C. 0. GREGORY. 
the acre than $150 land in Iowa. The 
corn will sell for one-third more. With 
clover, Alfalfa and a judicious use of 
chemicals, New York land can beat the 
West in grain production. “The $10 
wheat land" is a thing of the long past. 
Wild unbroken land in the Canadian 
Northwest is held at $12 or more. 
There are some 6,500,000 farms in this 
country and these extra animals can 
be easily grown. How would they add 
to the manurial supply unless some¬ 
thing is brought and fed to them? A 
ton of hay may rot on the ground and 
give more plant food to the farm than 
if it were fed to stock. To take hay 
from one field, feed it to stock and then 
put the manure on another field does 
not increase the plant food on a farm. 
It is simply changed around. We 
doubt if there is a farm on earth that 
has been in cultivation for a century 
that would not be helped by the judi¬ 
cious use of chemicals. Where farmers 
fool themselves is in buying organic 
nitrogen in their fertilizers. Let them 
produce this organic material in clover 
and peas and buy nothing except enough 
nitrates to start the crops. 
Sor Beans in Sir.o.—What success have 
readers of The It. N.-Y. had in grow¬ 
ing Soy beans for putting in silo with 
corn? They are said to do well as far 
north as corn can bo successfully grown, 
but I do not hear of their being grown to 
• any extent in the North. Alfalfa seems to 
be all the push just now. j. a. e. 
Pattisonville, N. Y. 
It. N.-Y;—Very little is said about this 
now. We think most farmers who have 
ever tried it prefer to keep corn and beans 
apart. Can anyone give the facts? 
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E. R. Bailey, Sec’y. & Treas. 
Independent 
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Dept.- j. 
Fact y Office. Clarinda, la. 
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RCCk TPADE_ MARK 
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Office of Resident Agent, Ponca City, Okla. 
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LAMENESS from a Bone Spavin, Ring 
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Full directions In pamphlet with ea 
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The Duplex Mill & Mfg. Co., Box 32i Springfield, Ohio 
