1909. 
the: rural nrw-yorkrr 
22 7 
HOW TO GRAFT. 
Cleft-grafting is a very easy and popular mode 
of converting an undesirable variety of fruit into 
a desirable variety. The apple, pear and plum can 
be successfully grafted by the least experienced work¬ 
man. The cherry is more uncertain. The outer bark 
'if 
of the cherry runs around the grain of the 
wood, and not lengthwise with it and the inner bark; 
it is therefore necessary to cut through this outside 
bark with a sharp knife, downward in the direction 
of the split that is to be made in the limb to be 
grafted. The peach, on account of the great amount 
of pith, is not easily grafted, and should be budded. 
The season of grafting is controlled by the locality 
and time of growth in the Spring, but should be 
done just before growth starts. The scions should 
be cut during the Winter and put in a cool cellar, 
packed in damp moss, sand, or sawdust, so as to be 
perfectly dormant when wanted for use. The wax 
can be made during the Winter and kept in a cool 
place until wanted. This wax is made by using 
one pound beef tallow or one pint of raw linseed 
oil, two pounds of beeswax and three pounds of resin. 
Melt tallow first or warm the oil; then break bees¬ 
wax into small pieces and add to oil. After the wax 
is melted add the resin, then boil thoroughly; re¬ 
move from fire and pour a small quantity at a time 
into cold water. When cool enough to handle work 
it by pulling like molasses candy; roll into small 
rolls that can be easily softened and worked over 
when used on grafts. As the weather, even on nice 
days is often cold for using wax, it can be made 
pliable by plumping in warm (not hot) water. A 
little tallow rubbed on the hands when working or 
using the wax will keep it from sticking. Use only 
enough to keep from sticking; too much will prevent 
it from sticking to limb. A grafting knife or chisel 
is easily made by any blacksmith from an old rasp 
at little cost. A mallet, or a piece of limb instead, 
to strike the knife just heavy enough to make a split 
about three inches or less (according to size of 
limb), a sharp fine-toothed saw for sawing off the 
limb to be grafted, and a sharp one-bladed pocket- 
knife for making the graft are all the tools required. 
Commence work on the top of the tree first and 
saw off all the limbs that are to be grafted, so 
there will be no danger when grafts are inserted 
of their being disturbed or broken by falling limbs. 
Leave no large branches on the limb grafted, as 
they will attract and divert the flow of sap from 
the grafts and retard their growth. If the tree is 
a large one some branches should be left on main 
limb for shade until grafts get well started and then 
removed. 
Two grafts should be inserted in every limb; 
thus insuring the entire closing of the split by the 
union of bark of graft and stock. Afterwards one 
of the grafts can be cut off. With a sharp knife 
make a sloping cut on lower end of graft, as if a 
wedge was to be made. This wedge should be a little 
thicker on the outside and the cut about two inches 
long. This makes a long, flat surface that does not 
press the split open at the bottom like a short, thick 
splice or wedge would and heals over in a very short 
time.. With the pry of the chisel open the split in 
the limb just far enough to admit the wedge of the 
graft by pushing it gently but firmly into the split 
until the whole of the splice is in the split of the limb. 
The point of the graft should be slightly inclined in¬ 
ward, and the heel will be even with the outside 
barks of graft and stock. Then with a tap of the 
mallet upward on the extending prong of the chisel 
the pry is removed and the spring of the limb will 
hold the grafts firmly in their place. Cover the sawed 
portion of the limb with the wax, and then with the 
fore finger and thumb draw the wax down the split 
in.the limb, using just enough wax to ensure the cov¬ 
ering of all wounds and cracks to keep out wind and 
water, but do not daub the wax over the bark when 
not needed, as it injures the bark. E. s. black. 
Monmouth Co., N. J. 
* I 
!1 
THE PROOF OF THE PUDDING IS THE EATING 
The Proof Of The Fertilizer Is Getting 
Dollars From Your Crops. 
E. FRANK COE FERTILIZERS 
ano PERUVIAN BRANDS 
Have Been Making Dollars For Thousands For Years 
Here Are a Few Brief Extracts From Letters Sent By Our Friends and Customers:— 
T . , „ _ _ - — —rly potatoes. 
I laid a fine crop. I started to dig July 6th, and now have a very good crop 
rve W r> l r‘ t ( f.A l n 1 '! 1 . i T I j s « a ’ ul carrots on the same field, by using the RED BRAND 
LAL1Uji51()K GUAISO. 
I have used your fertilizers for thirty years and have always found them 
satisfactory. (Signed) Aakox Courter. 
Joes on the piece, so I am well satisfied. The total cost of raising this crop was 
$985.00. We sold part of the crop when we dug it for 50c. per bushel, and 
have the balance stored in the cellar. You see at that price there was a net profit 
of over $1 ,000.00 on a farm that I bought a few years ago for Si,250.00. 
(Signed) E. A. Carpenter. 
„„ ZTIJr** 'Vj' 0 . P rovcn a complete surprise in every way this last season, I used 1,000 pounds of E. FRANK COE’S DOUBLE STRENGTH POTATO 
was a y verv V bad° r c,HMm y ^ ^ ^ ccrtain h wi^ 0 ^ th »° drought ’ which MANURE per acre, on a 12 acre field, where the land was so run out that my 
\try had enemy. (Signed) L. Brandenberg. neighbors said I would not get my seed hack. T <rot 125 barrels nor no.-,, nf <™n,i 
I shipped you to-day, by express, a simple of our “Star of the East” 
potatoes, grown on your E. FRANK COE’S RED BRAND EXCELSIOR GUANO, 
ue nave had a very trying season this year, owing to the drought. Not enough 
rain fell here to lay the dust from May 31st to July 17th, and from August 15th 
to September 2!)th, we did not get over one-fourth inch of rain, hut in spite of 
™ R< h«£ ODdltions ’ 1 had a ^ood cr °P of potatoes where your fertilizer was used. 
My Star of the East” yielded 330 bushels per acre, and my “Norcross” 290 
bushels per acre. Would have got nearly double with a normal rainfall. 
(Signed) E. A. Rogers, Sec’y., Johnson Seed Potato Co. 
is fWnfofi 1 * ^EGETABLD GROWER wholly is the potato fertilizer and 
is deemed the best for potatoes of anything we have tried. We are convinced 
irom experience, that BASIC SLAG is a great fertilizer for orchards. 
(Signed) George I. Stowe. 
I consider the PERUVIAN VEGETABLE GROW’ER the best I ever used and 
shall continue its use in the future, and t also consider your PERUVI AN GUANO 
?~S a 2 UreS on . the ™ arkot ,0 ' (la - v - I have' also used the E. FRANK 
T 1,0 * c ' rti LIZERS for nearly thirty years and they have never disappointed me. 
1 nave never hesitated to recommend them to my farmer friends, feeling sure of 
ine results, if used with good judgment. (Signed) James P. Hopping. 
My customers are all pleased with vour fertilizers, and most of them are 
doubling their orders for next Spring. One party to whom I sold 10 tons, had 
such a crop of potatoes, that his neighbor gave me an order for 10 tons for next 
season, and another man who saw the crop, gave me an order for 15 tons. 
(Signed) Spencer Haines. 
neighbors said I would not get my seed hack. I got 125 barrels per acre of good, 
smooth potatoes. (Signed) A. H. Anderson. 
_ ,., You will be interested to learn that in the Spring, as soon as the ground was 
v) holdup a team, we top-dressed our meadows with vour PERUVIAN 
GRASS TOP DRESSING (testing 11-0-6), at the rate of 500 pounds per acre. 
t he 1 lrnothy came on wonderfully well, and of as good a quality as anyone 
could possibly wish. We cut 10,497 pounds of well-cured Timothy tier acre, and 
feel highly pleased over the result. Beaver Lodge, Per Thomas' M. Knight. 
During my life of farming and fruit growing, I have used various brands 
of ™ m ' norr1 ?' fertilizers, hut until the past season I have never struck such a 
satisfactory lot of goods as I got from your firm. 
. ,.T-V < jJ n ' an / ls 1 1,80(1 woro PERUVIAN VEGETABLE GROW’ER and PERUVIAN 
MARKET GARDENERS’ FERTILIZER (with Guano base), and mv crops have 
been a wonder to my neighbors. The lasting qualities of the above brands are 
simply wonderful. 
brother one ton of your E. FRANK COE’S EXCELSIOR POTATO 
I' LKI IT.IZER. He used it on oats and has thrashed this Fall 276 bushels of 
over-weight oats from 10 bushels sown. 
, Surely there is something about your goods. It may be the Guano in them 
that gives the very host returns for the money invested. 
(Signed)) E. Van Allen. 
I liayc used COE-MORTIMER’S FERTILIZERS and am more than satisfied 
with resuits. Shall hope to use more another season. 
I have 15 tons of the best tobacco I have ever raised. 
(Signed) E. W. Smith. 
Our Book, “ THE PROOF OF THE PUDDING,” Tells The Whole Story. 
Send for One Before the Supply is Exhausted. 
THE COE MORTIMER COMPANY, 24 ST ^ E v»S REET ’ 
