310 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 20, 
A SMALL CANNING OUTFIT. 
For the benefit of your readers I will 
give my experience in the home canning 
industry. I am located on a small farm 
of 17 acres in Central Iowa, near a town 
of about 850 or 900 inhabitants. 1 am 
engaged in growing small fruits, etc., 
for market, and as all berry men know, 
there is a time during the Fall when 
there is not “much doing,” so I con¬ 
cluded to try my hand at the canning 
business. Early in Spring of 1907, I or¬ 
dered a complete canning outfit from 
an eastern firm, and then went to work 
and made a hotbed in which to start 
tomato plants. I secured good seed and 
planted them in hotbed March 25. and 
by the time the ground was in condition 
to receive them they were nice large 
plants. They were planted and well 
cared for, and in due season the harvest 
came, and far exceeded my expecta¬ 
tions. I put up about 3,000 3-lb. cans 
and almost as many 2-lb. cans from 
less than one-quarter acre. They sold 
well, the 3-lb. cans all being taken by 
the local merchants; the 2-lb. cans 
were sold to a wholesale grocery firm in 
Des Moines, la., at a good figure, much 
more than factory goods brought. I 
also canned cprn and green beans, and 
found them far superior to any to be 
had on the market. For the season of 
3908 I sold the factory outfit and built 
a brick furnace with grates for coal and 
had our local tinner make the boilers 
from good heavy galvanized iron, the 
local blacksmith making the iron cook¬ 
ing crates. This outfit I found had a 
greater capacity and cost less to run; 
it was indeed quite satisfactory. I again 
planted my tomato seed March 25, and 
had splendid results. I packed as fol¬ 
lows; 2,855 3-lb. tomatoes, 3,108 2-lb. 
tomatoes, 905 stringless beans, 38 2-lb. 
can pears, 370 corn. Three-lb. tomatoes 
were again sold to local merchants here 
and in nearby towns, and the stringless 
beans were sold in the same way and at 
the same price, viz., $1.40 per dozen: the 
2-lb. tomatoes were again sold in Des 
Moines. I find there is plenty of hard 
work connected with the business but 
one gets well paid for it; besides the 
satisfaction of feeling one has produced 
a superior article, strictly pure and free 
from chemical preservatives. I find I 
received gross, from less than two acres 
the sum of $461.55 besides a generous 
supply for our family of five, and sev¬ 
eral dozen cans given to our friends. 
This I think good for one without pre¬ 
vious experience. I have had good suc¬ 
cess in having the goods keep—have lost 
only two or three cans of tomatoes in 
the two years and a very small per cent of 
corn and beans, which are harder to 
handle. I think if farmers would try 
home canning they would find it profit¬ 
able if only for home use, as it is quite 
convenient when one wants a can of 
“something green” to go to one’s own 
cellar for it rather than to the grocer. 
I find the Stone tomato the best variety 
for canning, Burpee’s Stringless Green 
Pod, the best of all beans, and Country 
Gentleman corn the best sweet corn. On 
cleanliness and well-filled cans of good 
quality depends success. People will pay 
for something extra good, when they 
won’t touch the poor quality at any 
price. I am preparing to double my out- 
nut this season. f. i. slocum. 
HOW TO SPRAY. 
Spray Intelligently. —Find out the 
insect enemies or fungus troubles you 
have to fight, and then find out the 
best and most economical material to 
use in combating them. Go to growers 
who are successfully spraying for these 
troubles, and study how they do their 
work. Study the apparatus they use. 
Study your own situation and its re¬ 
lation to the apparatus you intend to 
use, and don’t fry /to use the big 
power rig with 250-gallon tank and 
e’evafed tower on the steep hillsides, 
for there the low-down 300-gallon tank 
and a good hand pump with one, or two 
long leads of hose may prove much 
more practical. 
Proper Time. —Spraying must be done 
at the proper time if it is to be ef¬ 
fective. This essential point must be 
impressed upon every man who sprays 
or intends to spray. Codling moth 
cannot be controlled if that one most 
important spraying just after blossoms 
drop is omitted or delayed. It is almost 
impossible to control the bud-moth and 
the case-bearers, unless tyour poison 
sprays arc applied just when the first 
small green leaves appear. Fungicides 
act as preventives rather than cures, 
and one might better save his labor and 
material than to spray for apple or pear 
scab after it appears upon the fruit. 
He might as well keep his mixture in 
the barn as to apply it to peach trees 
after the leaves are unfolded and ex¬ 
pect it to control the peach leaf-curl. 
One must study the different insect and 
fungus troubles and find out the time 
when they can be fought most ef¬ 
fectively. 
Thoroughness of Application.— 
There is no more important rule of 
spraying than thoroughness of applica¬ 
tion. This has not been emphasized 
enough in the past, for no matter how 
good your outfit, or material, or even if 
applied at the proper time, yet if its 
application is not thorough one cannot 
expect good results. Some prominent 
fruit growers have referred to the San 
Jose scale as a blessing, and I almost 
believe they are right, for no one thing 
in recent years has so emphasized the 
necessity of thorough spraying and the 
good results from it, like this fight for 
the control of the San Jose scale. 
Those men who are successfully con¬ 
trolling the scale in the large old 
orchards say they did not know before 
Don’t Judge a Roofing 
By Its 
On the surface, most ready roofings 
look the same. 
But the weather finds the hidden 
weakness. 
The weather finds the vegetable fibers 
in the fabric and rots them. 
The weather finds the volatile oils 
which are concealed below the surface. 
The sun draws these oils, in globules, 
to the top of the roofing, where they 
evaporate in the air. 
Where there was a globule of air, 
there remains a hole. And behind each 
hole is a tiny channel which lets the 
weather and water into the very heart 
of the roofing. 
When the sun and the wind and 
weather have sought out the hidden 
weaknesses, the roofing is porous, in¬ 
stead of solid; watersoaked, instead of 
waterproof. 
You can’t tell by looks, which roofing 
will last twenty years, and which will 
go to pieces in a single summer. 
Seventeen Years oj Service 
But you can do this: You can tell the 
original Ruberoid roofing—the only 
roofing which has lasted seventeen 
years—from the 300 substitutes which 
have proven their unworthiness. 
Ruberoid was the 
first ready roofing. 
Its basis is the best 
wool felt impregna¬ 
ted with Ruberoid 
gum. 
It is this wonder¬ 
ful flexible gum 
which no other mak¬ 
er can duplicate. 
Looks 
It is this gum which gives R: beroid 
all the flexibility of rubber without con¬ 
taining an iota of it. It is this gum 
which withstands wind, weather, sun, 
fire, acid, gases and fumes, where all 
other compounds fail. 
It is this gum, in the Ruberine cement 
which accompanies each roll of Ruber¬ 
oid roofing, which makes ours prac¬ 
tically a one-piece roofing—sealed 
against leaks — sealed against the 
weather. 
Ruberoid comes plain and in colors. 
The attractive Red, Brown and Green 
Ruberoid are fine enough for the cost¬ 
liest home. And the color feature is 
exclusive—protected by U. S. and for¬ 
eign patents. 
In the past twenty years we have had 
experience not only with all ready roof¬ 
ings, but with other roofings—shingles, 
tar, tin, iron and other roofings. 
We Test All Roofings 
Each roofing we have exposed to the 
weather test, on our roof garden at 
Bound Brook, N. J. 
'1 he result of these twenty years of 
tests we have written into a book 
which will be gladly sent you free. 
Iliis book is a gold mine of roofing 
information, telling 
about the advanta¬ 
ges and disadvanta¬ 
ges of each roofing 
for each purpose. To 
secure a copy, ad¬ 
dress Dept 31, The 
Standard Paint Com¬ 
pany, 100 William 
Street, New York. 
RUBEROID 
(TRADEMARK REGISTERED) 
Bo sure to look for this registered trademark which 
Is stamped every four feet on the under side of all 
genuine Kuberoid, This Is your protection against 
substitutes which many dealers brazenly sell as 
Kuberoid. Kuberoid is usually sold by but one 
dealer in a town. Wo will tell you tlie name of your 
Kuberoid dealer when you send for our free book. 
THE STANDARD PAINT COMPANY, Bound Brook, N. J. 
New York, Chicago, Kansas City, Boston, Philadelphia, Memphis, Atlanta, Denver, 
San Francisco, Montreal, Loudon, Paris, Hamburg 
the meaning of thorough spraying. To 
reach the apex of success in the control 
of all insect and fungus troubles by 
Spraying the same thoroughness must 
be practiced. 
Timely Spraying Notes. —Varieties 
susceptible to peach leaf curl should be 
thoroughly sprayed with Bordeaux, 5- 
5-50 formula, before the buds swell or 
just as they begin to swell. Lime- 
sulphur mixture is also effective if ap¬ 
plied at the same lime and controls the 
leaf curl and San Jose scale in one 
operation. 
San Jose Scale. —The most effective 
treatments for* San Jose scale are all 
applied during the dormant season. No 
spray strong enough to kill adult scales 
can be applied in Summer without in¬ 
juring foliage. The principal sprays 
used in combating this pest are whale- 
oil soap solutions, crude oil, homemade 
oil emulsions, commercial emulsions or 
miscible oils, and the lime-sulphur 
washes, both commercial and homemade. 
San Jose scale has been controlled by 
each of these remedies. Some have 
proved very injurious to trees; all have 
varied as to their effectiveness, and a 
large part of this variation may have 
been due to the thoroughness or lack j 
of thoroughness in application. There I 
must be more care taken in the appli¬ 
cation of the whale-oil soap solutions, 
miscible oils, or crude oil emulsions, 
than in the use of the lime-sulpluir solu¬ 
tion. The oil sprays and whale-oil 
soap solutions work well through a 
pump, and are not so disagreeable to 
apply as the lime-sulphur. The lime- 
sulphur spray, when properly made, has 
proved generally effective with no in¬ 
jury to the tree, one application con¬ 
trolling both scale and blister mite on 
apples, scale and curl-leaf on peach, 
and unquestionably is a fungicide of 
some value as well as insecticide. 
b. d. v. B. 
Using the Kerosene Torch. —In a re¬ 
cent issue of The R. N.-Y. you say apply 
the kerosene torch to tent caterpillers. I 
take a long fishpole, tie a rag on top end, 
dip in kerosene and just touch the tent. 
Farmville, Va. j. f. s. 
FEARLESS 
Manure Spreader 
Here is a Manure 
Spreader which 
spreads wider than 
any other spreader, 
yet is built narrow 
enough topassover 
farm laues and 
through farm gates 
as easily as an ordinary 
farm wagon. 
THE CIRCULAR BEATER DOES IT. 
Look at the cut below showing 
the “Fearless” Circular beater which 
spreads six and a half feet wide from 
a box three feet wide. 
Other spreaders cover a strip only 
their owu width—hence must be wide 
and heavy. The “Fearless” spreads 
outside. its wheels—therefore can be 
built narrow and light. That means 
less horse power to operate ; more trips 
to the field per day, and no driving over 
manure already spread. 
Other advantages — an endless 
apron, doing away with dangerous 
automatic return mechanisms, and a 
rake for leveling load, 
for catalogue and prices. 
Harder Mfg. Company 
INDRUROID 
ROOFING 
Requires no Coating or 
Paint. 
Acid and Alkali Proof. 
Elastic and Pliable Always. 
Strong and Tough. 
Absolutely Waterproof. 
Climatic Changes Do Not 
Affedt It. 
Practically Fire Proof. 
Can Be Used on Steep or 
Flat Surfaces. 
Any Workman Can Put 
It On. 
No Odor. 
Will not Shrink or Crack. 
Light in Weight. 
Does not Taint Water. 
Write for samples, prices 
and circulars. 
H. F. WATSON CO. 
ERIE, PA. 
Chicago, Boston. 
Mention R.N-Y. 
i—-99 9 Xoo % Pure—i 
American Ingot Iron Roofing | 
Guaranteed For 30 Years 
Without Painting 
The Only Guaranteed Metal Roofing ever put on the 
market. Samples free. Write for a free book showing 
remarkable tests. A way out of your roof troubles. 
THE AMERICAN IRON ROOFING CO., Dept. D, ELYRIA, OHIO 
IT PAYS TO SPRAT 
The Iron A«e4-row Sprayer gives I 5AVE 
perfect satisfaction. Puts solution % HIRED 
fust where needed and in fog-like _. 
mist. Pump delivers spray unde.r HfcLrJ 
high pressure, thus reaching every , 
part ofvine, effectuallykillingbuga 
and preventing blight. Has ^ 11 " 
Orchard Spraying attach 
ment. Write for free < 
catalog illustrate /p\ Iron Age 
ing this and 
other Iron 
Age tools. 
BATEMAN MFG CO.. Box 102-S. GRENL0CH, N. J. 
Plan to go on one of these davs— 
April 6 and 20, May 4 and 18’ 
The trip will not cost much. These special 
low-fare tickets over the Rock Island- 
Frisco-C. & E. I. Lines will allow you to go 
one way and return another, without extra 
cost. You will see more of the Southwest 
than you could in.any other way, and can 
better decide where to locate. 
Ask the ticket agent to sell you a ticket 
over the Rock Island-Frisco-C. & E. I. 
Lines, either through Chicago, St. Louis, 
Kansas City, St. Joseph, Memphis or Bir¬ 
mingham. 
If you will tell me where you want to go, 
I will tell you the cost of a ticket and 
send you a map-schedule. 
I will also send yon some interesting 
books about the Southwest. They will in¬ 
form you of opportunities waiting for you 
there, and will open your eyes to new pos¬ 
sibilities. Write for free copies today. 
JOHN SEBASTIAN, Pass. Traffic Mgr. 
1914 LaSalle Station, Chicago 
1914 Frisco Building, St. Louis 
mm 
