36 2 
PEKIN DUCK CULTURE. 
Pekin ducks were imported into this 
country from China in 1873. They sur¬ 
pass all other breeds as a table fowl. 
In the vicinity of most of the large 
cities they are raised by the thousands 
for this purpose, and the industry is 
very profitable. They are good layers, 
and the supply of good breeding stock 
seldom equals the demand. There is 
also a good demand for eggs for hatch¬ 
ing. They mature earlier and thrive 
better without water for swimming than 
any other breed of ducks, although they 
enjoy it if they have it. They should 
always have water deep enough so they 
can submerge the head and eyes. It is 
better for the ducklings not to have water 
to swim in until nearly fully feathered. 
1 he little ducks grow rapidly, and under 
favorable conditions reach a market¬ 
able size when two weeks old, often 
weighing from five to six pounds and 
at a less cost per pound than any other 
fowl. They are easily confined and 
need only a very low fence. They are 
much more intelligent than chickens, 
and seem to understand what they are 
expected to do. We usually set the eggs 
under hens, they are strong when they 
leave the shell and after a week or 
10 days with the hen they can usually 
take care of themselves if protected 
from cold, rains, rats and vermin. When 
they are growing rapidly they consume 
considerable feed, but contrary to a 
quite general impression they do not 
THE RURAIi NEW-YORKER 
Station; “Feeding Farm Animals,” by 
Prof. Thomas Shaw; and “Feeding Ani¬ 
mals,” by E. W. Stewart, formerly of 
Cornell University. c. s. greene. 
— • f 
AILING ANIMALS. 
Paralysis in Pigs. 
I had two pigs, five months old. One 
became lame and stiff in hind legs; kept 
getting worse until he died. lie ate heartily 
until so weak he could not; was in good 
condition. lie was fed on skim-milk with 
handful of wheat middlings twice per day. 
It was very cold weather. I gave them a 
little whole corn. What was the trouble 
and a cure, as I intend raising hogs? 
New York. ■ o. R. T. 
Overfeeding and lack of exercise com¬ 
monly causes partial paralysis in hogs, and 
the animals so affected usually inherit a 
tendency to rickets. Where hogs are made 
to live a natural life on mixed rations and 
the muscles and excretory organs are kept 
in proper working condition by outdoor liv¬ 
ing and exercise paralysis will not appear. 
Worms also have to be prevented by suit¬ 
able treatment. Provide dry sunny sleep¬ 
ing places. a. s. a. 
Garget. 
Can you tell what is wrong with a cow 
that has a swollen udder at night and 
by morning it will be almost all gone? The 
milk comes out in strings and seems slip¬ 
pery for several days. The udder does not 
seem very sore, and only one-fourth of it is 
affected and always in the same teat. Can 
you advise a cure, and should any par¬ 
ticular kind of feed be given? As this is 
a valuable Jersey cow I would like a 
remedy, if there is any. g. w. t. 
West Virginia. 
As tuberculosis of the udder sometimes 
is present in cases such as the one de- 
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TO EARLY BUYERS 
HOOPS 
Hoops, % in., for 12 ft. Silo 1 C 1 1 A*y 
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Address ELMER B. LACEY, Union, New Y ork. 
A FLOCK OF PEKIN DUCKS. Fig. 142. 
consume as much for a pound of growth 
as chickens, as they are great foragers. 
Michigan. mrs. claudia betts. 
Standard Ration for Cows. 
On page 181, C. S. Gr<A?n under ‘‘Bal¬ 
anced Ration” heading, states under the 
analysis he made comparing these figures 
with a standard ration, “ 23.22, which is 
practically correct, as the standard for a 
1,000 pound cow Is 24 pounds dry matter,” 
and also mention about protein “2.5 pounds 
which the standard calls for.” I would like 
to get this standard ration information. At 
what experiment station or coliege was it 
discovered? h. b. b. 
Ogalalla, Neb. 
Feeding dairy cows or live stock of 
any kind is a science which must be 
learned by both theory and practice, be¬ 
fore anyone can expect to understand 
the principles which govern the feeding 
of animals sufficiently to put their knowl- 
to a practical use. The first valuable 
scientific research work in regard to 
the analyses and composition of ra¬ 
tions for the different kinds of live 
stock was performed in Germany by 
Dr. Wolff and others. The results of 
these investigations show that animals 
require a certain amount of ash, protein, 
carbohydrates and fat to produce cer¬ 
tain results under certain conditions, 
but these figures, which have been called 
the German standards, are only ap¬ 
proximate at their best, and variations 
must he made according to the condi¬ 
tions under which the feeding is being 
conducted and the kind and breed of 
animals fed. Prof. S. W. Johnson, of 
the Connecticut Agricultural Experi¬ 
ment Station, was the first to translate 
the results of these experiments into 
English, and since then they have been 
largely used in this country. Some of 
the best works published upon this sub¬ 
ject are: “The Feeding of Animals,” 
by Prof. W. H. Jordan, of the New 
York State Agricultural Experiment 
cribed it would be well to have her tested 
with tuberculin. If she proves to be free 
from that disease try to prevent every 
possible cause of bruising or irritation and 
twice a week give her half an ounce of 
powdered saltpetre. At time of attack give 
a full dose of Epsom salts as a purge and 
follow with half an ounce of saltpetre once 
daily in the drinking water. Twice daily 
thoroughly massage the affected quarter 
and at night rub it with a mixture of one 
part of fluid extract of poke • root and 
seven parts of fresh lard oil. a. s. a. 
Bitter Milk. 
I have a cow that gives bitter milk, and 
would like to know the cause. I feed her 
corn and oats and ship stuff for a grain 
ration, and mixed bay, about half clover 
and some Timothy and Red-top and tickle 
grass. H. h. M . 
Missouri. 
Cut the grain ration in half and see that 
all food given is of first-class quality. 
Physic her with one pound of Epsom salts 
and half an ounce of ground ginger root 
in three pints of warm water. See that all 
milk utensils are perfectly cleansed and 
scalded, as bitter milk often is caused by 
bacteria entering the milk after it is drawn 
from (he cow. Following the physic give 
her half an ounce of hyposulphite of soda 
twice daily in drinking water or soft feed. 
She should have outdoor exercise every 
da y- A. s. a. 
Atrophy of Milk Gland. 
Would you tell me what is the matter 
with my cow? She was fresh on January 
11, and I kept her calf until it was five 
weeks old. One of her front teats is al¬ 
ways shriveled up and I cannot get very 
much milk out of it. The teat is not blind 
and not sore, and I get a little milk out 
of it. Before I sold the calf I always 
thought it reached through the bars and 
sucked this one teat. It always looks as if 
it bad been milked out. Would you tell me 
what to do for this cow? Can it be cured? 
If not would you advise me to sell her to 
the butcher? M . w 
Pennsylvania. 
The loss of function of the quarter in 
question is due to wasting (atrophy) of the 
nulk secreting glands and we do not think 
it: probable that the lost function can be 
restored. Massage the quarter two or three 
times daily and then rub with brandy. If 
this treatment does not improve the condi¬ 
tion it would be best to sell her to the 
butcher. a s a 
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