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FLAX IN NEW YORK. 
TF. W. W-, Truxton, X. Y .—Will you tell 
me about raising flax seed, how much seed 
to sow to an acre, where can I get seed 
and what time to sow? How much ground 
seed to give to a heavy work horse daily 
and n thousand-pound cow? 
Ans. —Flax grows in a wide range 
of soils and climates. It was formerly 
considerably grown in New York, but 
now Minnesota and the Dakotas pro¬ 
duce flic bulk of the crop of the 
United States. As to soil, the heavier 
grades are most productive of seed, 
while the lighter soils produce fiber 
of best quality. A moist deep friable 
clay soil is preferable. In the United 
States flax has usually been considered 
as a frontiersman’s crop, and has been 
much used to break down new land, and 
bring it into good condition to grow 
cereals. It has also an ameliorating ef¬ 
fect upon heavy soils, making them 
more friable. It -is useless to attempt 
to grow flax upon poor soils. While 
flax thrives on tough, inverted sods, it 
is important that the seed-bed be well 
prepared. Fall plowing is usually de¬ 
sirable, but in the case of very heavy 
land replowing in the Spring may be 
required. The lighter kinds may be 
disked as early in the Spring as it is 
dry enough and then harrowed down 
into a fine, mellow seed-bed. Land 
that is wet, lumpy or weedy, is in 
no condition to sow flax. If the 
land is not new and rich, it is consid¬ 
ered preferable that the previous crop 
should be heavily manured rather than 
to apply the manure directly to the flax 
crop. It is important that good seed 
should be sown, and large plump seeds 
produce stronger plants than small or 
shrunken seeds. Flax may best be 
sown between oat seeding and corn 
planting, or in New York about May 
15 to June 15. 
For seed production about two pecks 
of seed are sufficient per acre, and the 
grain drill may well be used in doing 
the work. For fiber production four 
to six pecks of seeds are required and 
broadcasting is preferable. The seed 
should be planted about one to 1*4 
inch deep. Owing to liability to wilt 
disease flax should not be sown on the 
same land except at intervals of sev¬ 
eral years. Flax is readily harvested 
with a self-rake reaper or a binder and 
if grown for seed only, thrashed like 
the cereals. The utilization of the fiber 
implies methods of handling that can¬ 
not be entered into here. Owing to 
the high value of the oil, flaxseed is 
not much used as a stock food. Flax¬ 
seed boiled to a jelly and mixed with 
skim-milk to restore the fat removed in 
the skimming has given excellent re¬ 
sults when fed to calves. Although it 
is usually claimed that flaxseed should 
be fed in limited quantities owing to 
the large per cent of oil (29 per cent) 
which it contains, which acts as a 
cathartic, still the Iowa Station fed as 
high as eight pounds per cow without 
ill effect. As a laxative for cows or 
horses maintained on dry provender, 
one pound per day may have a very 
beneficial effect. After the oil has been 
extracted the residue as linseed cake 
or linseed meal constitutes a very val¬ 
uable and much fed stock food. While 
the United States is one of the largest 
producers of linseed oil, the bulk of 
these residues is exported to European 
countries for stock feeding. 
j. L. STONE. 
TROUBLES WITH ASPARAGUS PLANTS. 
0. E. P. } Macedon , X. Y .—I sowed some 
asparagus seed last Spring; it came up and 
grew nicely until the worms got into it. 
After this it was taken by the rust, and 
its growth after that amounted to nothing. 
The plants did not grow more than eight 
or nine inches during the whole season. 
Would it he well to set the roots this 
Spring? What can he done for the rust? 
Ans. —It is a difficult matter to an¬ 
swer questions like the above on as¬ 
paragus or any other crop, when one 
or more of the important factors lead- 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 3, 
ing to the trouble is wanting in the 
query. In the above query, G. E. P. 
first speaks of worms getting into his 
plants. “After this it was taken by the 
rust.” In neither case does inquirer 
give sufficient information- wholly to 
guide one in recommending what he 
had best do. As to worms in his 
seed plants: was the damage done to 
the tops or the roots? At what time 
did they attack it? What kind of 
worms did the damage? Worms doing 
damage to asparagus either in the cut¬ 
ting bed or nursery row's I never saw, 
except the cutworm. This pest can be 
guarded against by planting on clean 
soil where no growth or rubbish is 
allowed to grow or accumulate during 
late Summer and Fall, prior to planting 
asparagus seed, or by scattering along 
each asparagus row after planting, 
wheat bran mixed with Paris-green; 
one pound of Paris-green to 50 pounds 
of bran—mix thoroughly when dry. In¬ 
quirer does not say what time the rust 
attacks his nursery plants. This, in my 
judgment, is an important thing to 
know. When the rust, late in August 
or early September, attacks asparagus, 
H. C. Phelps 
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it does far more barm than when it 
does not appear till late in September. 
If inquirer’s nursery plants were at¬ 
tacked early in the season with in¬ 
sects and rust, my judgment is that 
they are so small and weakened it 
would be very poor judgment to set 
them at all. Many leave such plants 
to grow another season in the nursery 
row, but this does not help matters 
•in the least. A young asparagus plant 
that becomes so weakened by insects, 
disease, the Asparagus beetle, or any 
other cause, the first season of its ex¬ 
istence that it does not make more than 
one-half of a normal growth, seldom 
if ever overcomes that check sufficient¬ 
ly to make a strong, vigorous crown. 
If I were in inquirer’s place I would 
either buy good, strong, one-year-old 
plants, or sow seeds this Spring, and 
wait another year before setting my 
beds. If inquirer decides to grow more 
young plants, -there is one among many 
things that must be remembered and 
attended to without delay, and that is, 
the Asparagus beetle and their 
young (perhaps the latter is what the 
inquirer is refering to, when he speaks 
of worms) ; if so, the bed may be 
cleared of them by keeping the young 
plants sprayed or dusted with Paris- 
green. This may be done the same as 
is usually done for potatoes. My usual 
method to protect young asparagus 
plants from attacks of the rust, is lib¬ 
eral fertilization, clean and thorough 
cultivation. When a plant is having 
all it can do to absorb plant food and 
make growth it is less liable to at¬ 
tacks of the rust than it is when starved 
or stunted from any cause. 
C. C. HULSART. 
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Mr. Elbert Manchester of Bristol, 
Conn., writes: “I used Pyrox on my 
apple trees and have harvested what I 
think is about the finest crop of apples I 
have ever had. They were free from 
scab and worms. An apple buyer who 
recently came to see my crop was so 
pleased that he made me an unusually 
liberal offer and I have sold him the entire 
crop.'’ “Pyrox” does not wash off the 
foliage like Paris Green, but sticks like 
paint even through heavy rains. Ad¬ 
dress Bowker Insecticide Co., Boston, 
Mass.— Adv. 
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THE KING HARNESS CO., 0 Lake St., Otvego, Tioga Co., N. Y: 
EUREKA ENSILAGE CORN. 
AY l ELI AM STOW N, Vt., Jan. 18, 1909. 
Ross Bros. Co.. Worcester, Mass. 
Gentlemen:—Your letter of Dec. 13th at hand and 
in reply will say that we never had such a growth 
of corn as we did last summer when we planted 
Eureka corn. T cut a number of stalks of corn 
that would measure 17*8 feet to 18 feet high. 
The best one I found was 18 feet 3 inches front tip 
to tip and weighed 12 pounds. We planted P-t acres 
and we filled two siios that hold seventy-five tons 
| each and there was enough corn left over to feed 
sixty cows, three Aveeks, twice a day. so I think we 
in list have had nearly 200 tons of ensilage and I 
believe it to be the sweetest ensilage we ever had. 
We liae it very well. 
Will you please send me a catalogue of your 
) machinery and corn and other seeds. Hoping I 
will hear from you I remain, 
Yours respectfully, 
Fred L. Poor. 
Our Free Book will give you good hints and 
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ROSS BROS. CO., WORCESTER, MASS. 
AGRICULTURAL 
OR 
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Write for prices. 
THE ONONDAGA COARSE SALT ASS’N., 
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VEGETABLE PLANTS 
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VEGETABLES NET 
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24 STOKTE STTL 23 ET 
3 XTE W YOU K 
