1909. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
•425 
OLD WORLD HABITS. 
Many country people fail to realize 
how New York City is filling up with 
a foreign-born population. There are 
nearly twice as many persons with both 
parents born in Italy, now in New 
York, as are found in all the State 
of Vermont—and many more Russian 
Jews. These people from the old coun¬ 
try keep up many of their old-world 
habits. Considerable of their food is 
imported, though they begin more and 
more to change their diet. Many of the 
Italians who come here soon begin to 
use apples as a partial substitute for 
bananas. To show how some old-world 
habits cling we show two pictures of 
onion dealers. One was taken in Na¬ 
ples by an American friend—the other 
on a New York street. In the Italian 
quarter it is a common tiling to sec 
these dealers with long strings of on¬ 
ions around their neck or over the 
ON STREETS OE NEW YORK. FiG. 178. 
shoulder. Great quantities of the on¬ 
ions are consumed. An Italian will per¬ 
form, on a diet of onion and bread an 
amount of hard work that will astonish 
an American and confound an advocate 
of “balanced rations.” 
TOP-WORKING ORCHARD. 
While I have done a great deal of 
top-working, both on the apple and 
pear, successfully, I know of some good 
growers who condemn the practice, 
and contend that it is unwise to attempt 
to establish an orchard by this method. 
My own experience, however, does not 
justify these conclusions. Were I to 
plant an orchard of Newtowns—and I 
was assured that the nursery trees 
were true to the label—I would unhes¬ 
itatingly plant Newtown trees, rather 
than some other variety to work over 
later. While the Newtown is not the 
strongest grower in the nursery, it is 
a good, healthy grower in the orchard. 
To top-work an entire orchard requires 
time and labor, and considerable good 
judgment, and unless there is to be 
some great advantage derived I should 
hesitate about advocating it. The ques¬ 
tion arises, can we secure trees—true 
to name—as we receive them from the 
nursery? We all have had trouble in 
this respect, but I believe there are 
nurseries where a man could feel 
reasonably safe in securing just what 
he buys. I know there are some very 
strenuous advocates of special bud selec¬ 
tion from certain typical trees, claim¬ 
ing by this method to get a superior 
orchard. While there seems to be con¬ 
siderable in this -theory, in practice I 
am like the man from Missouri; I want 
to be shown. I have planted several 
thousand trees of different kinds and 
have seen them produce fruit, and with 
the. exception of two Seckel pear trees, 
which showed bud variation, all were 
true to type. I may not be orthodox 
in this matter, or, possibly, I may be 
an exception, but I have reached the 
conclusion that variation of varieties 
is largely the matter of environment. 
Orange Co., N. Y. j. r. Cornell. 
Spring Vetch. 
F. B. E., Baldwimville, N. Y .—I am 
tliinkinff of sowing some vetch this season. 
What kind would he the surest for me to 
meet with success? Is there a variety that 
can be sown in the Spring? Where can I 
obtain the seed, also the price and what it 
looks like? 
Ans. —Spring vetch, as its name indi¬ 
cates, is sown in the Spring; Hairy or 
Winter vetch is sown in the Fall. On 
account of the creeping habit of vetch 
it should be planted with some support¬ 
ing crop, as oats or barley. It should 
be sown early, and if with oats at the 
rate of one bushel of each per acre. 
Vetch makes excellent green fodder, 
good hay if cured like clover or Alfalfa, 
a good cover crop and an excellent 
green manure if sown in early Fall and 
plowed under late in the Fall or early 
Spring. The seed costs from $5 to $6 
AN ONION ROY IN NAPLES. Fig. 179. 
per bushel at present, and should be 
obtained at any of the larger seed con¬ 
cerns. c. F. B. 
Or.n Lady (rather deaf) : “Are you 
any relation to Mr. Green?” Green: 
“T am Mr. Green.” Old Lady: “Ah! 
Then that explains the extraordinary 
resemblance.”—Pittsburg Observer. 
'!&■ W' To get 
aBt ' t h e in o s t 
j|gj'jHrout of a farm, 
1 every square foot 
§PMH must be either tilled or else 
r made to produce feed for live 
q fjj If stock. A fence all around the farm, 
j» i then cross fences, making more and 
I smaller fields—permitting rotation of 
crops and change of pasture—are first 
essentialsin making possible maximum earnings, i 
Here are two great fences—the best square mesh and the best diamond mesh. I 
Wo selected these two styles years ago, after careful study and advice from many of & 
the most experienced and successful farmers, the correctness of which has been veri- || 
tied by actual results in the field. These fences are the simplest in construction; M| 
are made of any size or weight of wire desired and perfectly adapted to all uses J§| 
and conditions. 111 
If you want square mesh, buy American: if you like diamond, buy Ellwood. Jpl 
You can safely take the verdict of the millions of farmers who have tested and Jug# 
tried out these two great fences. Dealers everywhere, carrying styles adapted Mmf 
to every purpose. See them. Catalogue for the asking. ' mM 
AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE CO. tf 
Chicago New York Denver San Francisco M , 
♦ 
BROWN FENCE 
High Carbon, Hard, Coiled Spring Stool No. 9 Wire 
Double Galvanized, Weathor, Wear and Shock proof. 
Stoat, durable, adjustable to all weather changes 
and uneven ground. 150 Styles at 
15 to 35c per rod. WE PAY 
We send free sample and 
The BROWN FENCE & 
Dept. 59 Cleveland, Ohio. 
CYCLONE 
FENCES AND GATES 
stand every test because 
closely ami ttriuly woven 
Of largo wire. 
Our catalog tells how 
to build many beautiful 
designs of all steel fen- 
cing cheaper than wood 
fence. 
THE CYCLONE WOVEN 
WIRE FENCE CO. 
1236 E. 55th Street 
Cleveland, 0. 
We Are The 
“Big Wire” 
Fence Fellows 
We make fence that has 
strength and staying qualities. 
Thousands of good farmers 
are beginning to see things as 
we do. No little wires to rust 
out quickly in 
Empire Fence 
AH big—No. 9— 
just like this 
sample. Tiiis knot shows 
the everlasting stay at 
crossings. Are you with us 
for a lasting fence? 
Freight Paid 
to your town if you live north of the Ohio 
and east of the Mississippi. Paid that far 
for everybody. Write us. We want to send 
you sample Free. 
BOND STEEL POST CO., Adrian, Mich. 
FENCE at PANIC PRICES 
We purchased raw material cheap during the 
panic, you get the saving. These low prices 
won’t last long. Write at once for catalogue 
and prices. Anchor Fence & Mfg. Co., 
Department O :: Cleveland, Ohio 
48 INWf 29c 
Best high carbon coiled steel 
wire. Easy to stretch over 
hills and hollows. FREE 
Catalog—fences, tools. Buy 
from factory at wholesale 
prices. Write today to Box 07 
MASON FENCE CO., LEESBURG, 0. 
ORNAMENTAL WIRE and STEEL FENCE 
Cheaper than wood, 
combining strength 
and art. For lawns, 
churches, cemeteries. 
Send for F K H E 
CATALOG. Address. 
The Ward Fence Co. 
Box 676 Decatur, Ind. 
FENCE 
Mado of High Carbon Double Strength 
Colled Wlro. Heavily Galvanized to 
preventrust. Have no agents. Sell at 
factory prices on 30 days’ free trial. 
Wo pay al I freight. 87 heights of farm 
and poultry fence. Catalog Free. 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box 2*3 Winchester, Indiana. 
‘Wire At Fencing*; 
At Wrecking Prices? 
Hero’s the greatest opportunity over presented to buy Wire Fencing and Nalls at an enormous saving. 
There’s good reason why we can sell our merchandise for less money than anyone else, Wo purchaso our 
goods in an entirely new and original way. No old-time methods about our business. We reeeutly pur¬ 
chased the contents of a barge sunk in the Ohio Iliver, containing 20,1X10 keys o Wire Nails, besides thou¬ 
sands of reels of high-grade Barbed Wire, Wire Fencing and much additional wire product. Our customers 
get the beneilt of our wonderful operations. The Fencing that we are ottering in this advertisement Is 
strictly first class In every way. It Is as high-grade galvanized material as la manufactured. Nothing 
better. Equally so the Barbed Wire offered Is the llnest and best manufactured. It is unimpaired and just 
ns good as the regular lirst-class material that you buy from your high priced dealer. The Nalls are 
offered just as they are. No deception about our business. We want satisfied customers everywhere. 
SPECIAL FENCING SALEI 
We offer t<)0,- 
OOO rods of 
heavy galvan¬ 
ized fencing, 
either dia¬ 
mond m e s h 
like illustra¬ 
tion, or square 
mesh. Fencing 
that Is guaranteed equal to the very highest 
grade manufactured. We have it In all 
widths. It is put up regularly In 10 and 20 rod 
reels. Price per rod as follows: 18 In., 14c; 
20 In., 15c. Other heights in proportion. 26 
In. Poultry Fencing, gin. mesh per rod,Site. 
Galvanized Barbed Wire, $2.45 per 100 lbs. 
Two or four point regular galvanized Barb¬ 
ed Wire, put up on reels, per 100 lbs., lit2.45. 
Painted Barbed Wire, per 100 lbs., $2.25. 
Our Special Galvanized high-grade, light 
weight Barbed Wlro, put upon 80 rod spools, 
price por spool #1.80. Painted Twisted 
Wire, per reel, $2.01). Galvanized Fence 
Wire. $1.50 per 100 lbs. At this price wo 
will supply you new Galvanized Wire Shorts. 
They are put up 100 lbs. to the bundle. By 
shorts we mean wire in lengths from 60 to 200 ft. Good for all 
general purposes. Our price on gauges 11, 12 and 14. $ 1.50 por 
100 lbs. Other gauges in proportion. BB Telephone Wire No. 12, 
$2.85 per 100 lbs. Write for catalog. 
IT 
T V 
HI 
Ml 
MIXED WIRE NAILS, PER KEG SI.60 
These Nails were on board barge sunk In the Ohio River 
and are more or less rusty. They are practical for use and 
make a line handy assortment. Put up mixed, just us they 
come, 100 lbs. to the keg. Sizes from 3 to 40 D. Per keg, $1,110. Nalls, straight sizes 
just one kind to a keg with slight surface rust, sizes 3 to 60 I); also Casing Nalls and Finishing Nails, all 
kinds: price per keg of 100 lbs., $2.00. First-class bright,Clean now Nalls, 20 D common, per keg, $3.20. 
Ask tor Our Mammoth Bargain lllustratod FREE CATALOGUE No. G. P.57, . 
It shows 10.000 bargains bought by us at Sheriffs’ Sales, Manufacturers’ and Receivers’ Sales. Also explains 
our wonderful Marine and other Wrecking operations. Shows everything In the line of material and sup¬ 
plies, including high-grade Furnituro, Household Goods, Rugs and Carpets. Give us a trial. Write today. 
= CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING CO., CHICAGO, ILL. = 
