1009. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
633 
Potatoes in Young Orchard. 
P. S. (No Address.) —I have set three 
apple orchards since 1850, and always grew 
potatoes among the trees during the first 
four or five years, being of the opinion 
that they are a better crop than corn or 
any other sort of grain to grow among 
trees, if the benefit fo the trees is taken 
into consideration. 
Ans. —The only objection we know of 
to potatoes is that the digging is like 
a late cultivation. This often starts a 
new growth in the trees, and the tender 
wood is hurt in a hard Winter. Ex¬ 
cept for this potatoes make a good crop 
for young orchards. They are usually 
well fertilized and well tilled. 
The Nitrogen in Crimson Clover. 
H. E. IF., Lancaster, Pa. —Will you tell 
me liow soon the nitrogen in Crimson 
clover is available after it is plowed down 
for other crops? 
Ans. —Of course it will depend 
somewhat upon the soil and the sea¬ 
son. In a light, open soil with warm 
weather and just enough water the 
Crimson clover will decay faster than 
in a cold, heavy clay or in an un¬ 
drained soil. In a cold, wet season or 
in a very dry time the decay would be 
slower. Nitrate of soda is the most 
available form of nitrogen for crops. 
Some careful experiments in New Jer¬ 
sey show that dried blood was about 
65 per cent as available as nitrate, and 
that Crimson clover, cow peas, etc., 
were about the same as the dried 
blood. That is probably as fair a com¬ 
parison as you can make. In a ton of 
Crimson clover hay there are 42 pounds 
of nitrogen. A good sample of dried 
blood carries 14 per cent of nitrogen. 
When you plow under a - ton of the 
Crimson clover hay you get about the 
fertilizing value of 300 pounds of dried 
blood. 
Sunscald on Fruit Trees. 
TT. Or, Slocan, 13. C .—We are troubled 
here with what wo think is sunscald. The 
bark (chiefly ou the south side) dies in spots 
oval in shape and about the size of a quar- 
tor, and keeps getting larger until in about 
two years it will go clean around the tree 
and kill it. It only attacks the young 
trees. During the latter part of March 
here we usually get some clear, hot. sunny 
days and cold, frosty nights, with snow 
still on the ground. On accoitnt of the 
heavy snowfall the ground never freezes. 
Home people claim to have prevented it by 
r pping the trunk of the tree from top to 
bottom with a knife, cutting through the 
bark to the wood. Is it safe to cut 
through the cambium layer, or only the 
outer hark? 
Ans. —This trouble may be due to a 
hot sun following rather severe cold, 
preceded by two or three exceedingly 
warm days, during which the sap has 
started rapidly. The unfrozen condi¬ 
tion of the ground would also be more 
favorable for such injury, and I am 
rather inclined to think that apple 
growing will be rather precarious 
where such conditions are apt to oc¬ 
cur every year. I have seen two or¬ 
chards in New York State where the 
young trees on a southern exposure 
were all injured. The owners of these 
orchards claimed that the injury fol¬ 
lowed conditions very much like the 
correspondent describes, and I could 
see no evidence of fungus or bacterial 
trouble, the injury being clear-cut and 
defined and had gone no further the 
succeeding year. If the injury is 
caused by a combination of hot sun 
and cold, a sun shield of some kind 
protecting the south side of tree from 
direct rays of the sun might prevent 
tJie trouble. This injury mav be due 
to a bacterial trouble, similar to that 
causing pear blight, or to the fungus 
causing apple canker; many cases of 
so-called sunscald on the bodies of 
young trees are due to these two trou¬ 
bles, and the most effective remedy is 
to cut out all the diseased areas, mak¬ 
ing sure that you are cutting out 
enough, so that none of the diseased 
tissue remains, then disinfecting the 
wound with a one-to-one-thousand cor¬ 
rosive sublimate solution applied with 
a sponge or cloth, and after they dry 
paint all wounds of any size with 
white lead and linseed oil. Duchess of 
Oldenburg, Twenty Ounce and King 
are very susceptible to troubles of this 
nature, and I have seen trees repeat¬ 
edly saved in the above manner. The 
grower should watch his trees closely 
however, as often »a tree 'will be al¬ 
most completely girdled before the 
trouble would be noticed except by 
the closest kind of observation. 
b. d. v. B. 
Fertilizer for Tomatoes. 
13., May’s Landing, N. J .—I would 
like to know how much fertilizer I should 
use for an acre of early tomatoes and what 
kind? Should it be applied in hills or 
broadcast, or both? I have tankage, dried 
blood, nitrate of soda, muriate of potash 
and phospohric acid. 
Ans. —My soil is sandy for from 
three to five feet, hence it is more open 
and warms up more quickly. Water 
from heavy rainfalls settles down very 
rapidly. On our sandy soils I have 
found that broadcasting 12 spreader 
loads of manure evenly over the sur¬ 
face before plowing is a better practice 
than the old method of putting all ma¬ 
nure directly under the plant. For a 
number of years I have followed this 
method. After plowing, and before har¬ 
rowing, I broadcast with the fertilizer 
drill the following mixture per acre: 
800 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds 
muriate of potash, and work all well 
in the soil. In the hill I use a mix- 
"THE GREAT STONE- FACE”—NEW 
HAMPSHIRE. FIG. 229. 
ture containing about the following, by 
weight; four parts high-grade tankage, 
two parts blood, one part nitrate of 
soda, using a good-sized handful to 
each hill, to be well mixed with the 
soil before the plant is set. Shortly 
after setting the plants, or as soon as 
the plants show signs of growth, side- 
dress with 225 pounds of nitrate of 
soda per acre. I find th'at this method 
works well on my soil, and under my 
conditions, but were I going to plant 
the early tomato on heavy soil, I would 
use less manure broadcast and apply 
one-half of a moderate shovelful in 
each hill. This manure should be 
worked over a sufficient number of 
times to have it fine and well rotted. 
My reason for this is that the ma¬ 
nure in the hill on soils that are in¬ 
clined to be cold has a tendency to 
warm them up in the immediate vicinity 
of the plants, prevents compacting of 
the soils after heavy rains, allows a 
freer circulation of air, better drain¬ 
age around the plant, and better op¬ 
portunity for absorbing heat. On this 
type of soil, too, if in good tilth, a 
less amount of nitrate of soda should 
be used in side-dressing, the amount 
to be determined by the grower him¬ 
self. No one can prescribe any definite 
amount who is not wholly acquainted 
with the soil. c. c. hulsart. 
Visitor: “And when your prisoners 
are unruly, how do you smooth them, 
down?” Warden: “Easily, ma’am. 
V e iron ’em.”—Baltimore American. 
The bride’s wise choice 
“ From our new cottage 
“home I shall omit the 
“ useless inner doors, 
“mantles, extra chim- 
“ney-o, fancy lamps that 
“ are never lighted, 
“books which are never 
“ read, vases which con¬ 
tain no flowers, etc. Let us first 
“purchase an outfit of 
Boilers 
c< 
^because they save much coal, need no repairs, keep all ashes, smoke, 
^and soot out of the living-rooms, are safe, and will last long as the 
^ cottage shall stand. These savings and economies will help in time 
to pay for the finer furnishings.” 
The cottage will be kept cozily warm all over, and the family health thus protected. 
"If we prosper and move to a larger house, we will get our full money back, or 10% 
_to 15% higher rental to cover cost, as IDEAL Boilers and AMERICAN Radiators 
“do not rust out or wear out.” 
Those who know that happiness depends so much upon the comfort and healthfulness of the 
home, whether 
newlyweds or 
longweds, are 
urged to write 
us at once. 
Our outfits are 
as quickly put 
intoOLD build¬ 
ings as in new 
—farm or city— 
and this is just 
the season to 
get the services 
of’ the most 
skillful Fitters. 
Prices are now 
most favorable. 
V. * T W ;f ! 
A No. 3-22 IDEAL Boiler and 600 
ft. of 38-in. AMERICAN Radiators, 
costing the owner $ 245 , were used 
to Hot-Water heat this cottage. 
A No. 22 IDEAL Boiler and 240 ft. 
of 38-in. AMERICAN Radiators, 
costing the owner $ 110, were used 
to Hot-Water heat this cottage. 
At these prices the goods can be bought of any reputable, competent Fitter. 
I his did not include cost of labor, pipe, valves, freight, etc., which installa- 
tjon is extra and varies according to climatic and other conditions. 
Showrooms 
in all 
large cities 
IDEAL Water Boiler 
American R adiator C ompany 
Write 
Dept 9 , 
CHICAGO 
Genasco lasts—but you don’t have to take 
our say-so. Judge for yourself! 
Genasco 
Ready Roofing 
is made of Trinidad Lake asphalt. You know that is 
Nature’s own absolute waterproofer and weather-resister. 
It is better to know what goes in your roofing than to 
guess—saves money, time, and trouble. 
Look for the trade-mark, and know that you get Genasco. Mineral and 
smooth surface. Hacked by our written guarantee. Write for samples and the 
Good Roof Guide Hook. 
THE BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY 
Largest producers of asphalt and largest 
manufacturers of ready roofing in the world. 
PHILADELPHIA 
New York San Francisco Chicago 
PROTECTION BRAND 
ROOFING 
Won't leak because it is 
“The Roofing' without a Nailhole.” 
Send for free sample and booklet. 
ASPHALT READY ROOFING CO., Dept. A, 
136 Water Street, New York, U. S. A. 
FIX YOUR ROOF 
5cPer Square.^ 
ou hqua 
Roof-Fix 
-We will guarantee to pu* 
any old leaky, worn-out. 
rusty, tin, Iron, steel, paper, felt or shingle roof in 
perfect condition, and keep it in perfect condition 
for ae per square per year. 
The Psrfect Roof Pramarver, makes old, 
worn-out roofs new. Satisfaction guaranteed 
or money refunded. Our frea rooting book 
■ tells all about it. Write for it today. 
f/ie Anderson Manufacturinu Co.. Dept. 35 Elyria, Qbik 
Kepa'id - RuidHMROOfilig 
D on T spend a dollar for roofing until you have seen and tested the old. reliable 
B.-eose Bros, guaranteed waterproof.tire-reslsting,durable Rubber Roofint). 
Made by our own special process, of long-fibre wool felt, saturated in asphalt. 
Fp£C Cement and Special Roofing Ueavl >y coated on both sides. 
Nails inclosed in each roll. 5,1,11,1 , ,()r Free Samples and Booklet 
Hammer l ivs It i ° et these samples of 1-ply, 2-ply and 
Uuir.mer lays II. 43-ply rooting. Put them to every test you 
jean think or and prove to your own sat¬ 
isfaction that Brotsn Bros. Rubber Roof- 
Jinn is the highest quality rooling on the 
< market. We give the 
Longest Guarantee 
Send for samples or order now ou our 
S strong guarantee of satisfaction or money 
jback. We pay freight to all points east 
Jot the western boundary lino of Minneso- 
|i ta, Iowa, Missouri, and" north of south line of Tennessee. 
Lowest Factory 
Priees 
Freight Prepaid on 
100 lbs. or more 
35-lb.Roll—108 
Sq. Ft 1-Ply 
45-l!>.Roll—108 
Sq. Ft.—2-Ply 
55-lb .Roll—108 
Sq. Ft.—3 Ply 
Order today.orwrito for 
Samples and Booklet 
$135 
185 
225 
Don't 
! delay ordering; these special priees may not be offered to you again. 
; Take advantage of them and write now, today. 
’ mUlRFESLRROS^rf^Ronf^D^>mLCinclnnat^lthi 
