634 
Salt in the Hay Mow. 
•/. II. G., Trumansbury, X. Y. — Will you 
give the advantage or disadvantages of salt¬ 
ing liay as it is put into tlie mow, and if 
salt should be used, about how much per 
ton of hay? 
Ans. —Salt is used for two purposes. 
It draws moisture from wet hay. This 
is not unlike the action of salt upon 
meat. Here its action is to cause the 
film to contract, the meat to lessen in 
bulk and the juice to flow out. 1 he salt 
also destroys or holds back fermenta¬ 
tion, which in green or wet hay may 
even lead to spontaneous combustion. 
A number of cases are on record where 
this has occurred. The greener the hay, 
the more danger from fermentation, and 
clever or Alfalfa are more dangerous 
than Timothy. About 50 pounds of salt 
to the ton well scattered through it will 
help. 
A Chemical and Clover Rotation. 
On page 495 is a question from a Ver¬ 
mont farmer who is growing a rotation of 
oats, grass, potatoes and corn—using fer¬ 
tilizers. lie complains that, in this rota¬ 
tion the corn is not what it should be. 
Our advice was to change the rotation 
and plant corn in the sod and let the 
potatoes follow the corn, and use lime on 
tlie oats. The farmer now writes: 
You ask why I do not reverse the 
rotation and pkmt corn first and pota¬ 
toes the second year. That is just 
what I have long planned to do as soon 
as I get the soil built up a little, but 
I have been afraid that the lack of 
humus would cause a failure of the 
potato crop if I changed and put them 
second. I rather think that under my 
conditions, rape would be better titan 
rye and turnips for a cover crop, but 
our seasons are so very short that any 
such crop does not amount to much un¬ 
less the soil is fairly rich (I mean any 
crop sown at last cultivation of corn). 
The baking of the soil late in the sea¬ 
son is not wholly responsible for the 
failure of the corn, as it fails to grow 
properly front the very start. Neither 
does it seem as though the lack of hu¬ 
mus is serious enough to be the only 
cause. The soil is not sour enough 
wholly to prevent the growth of clover, 
and some of the farms produce good 
clover. As to the use of lime, I do, 
not know that it has ever been tried in 
this section, so of course there is no 
agricultural lime offered for sale here. 
Lime for mason’s use costs about $1.25 
per barrel, 1,200 pounds, which seems 
rather expensive for use in the land. 
We can grow wonderful crops when 
conditions are just right, and the dairy 
farmer with plenty of manure comes 
pretty near having those conditions, 
but the rest of us have a hard prob¬ 
lem to solve. I do not know any other 
paper which is doing so much to help 
us as The R. X.-Y., and if we do our 
part we have just got to win out. You 
suggest letting cover crops grow in 
Winter and Spring. There is no chance 
for Winter growth, here, and to-day, 
April 15, the fields a.re not wholly bare 
of snow, and some farmers will want 
to plant early potatoes about the first 
of May. People farther south can 
hardly realize what our weather condi¬ 
tions are here. s. s. c. 
Hardwick, Vt. 
R. X.-Y.—This show's us how' hard it 
is to lay down any exact rules. We 
think the rape will make the heaviest 
Fall crop, but w r e would sow Cow-horn 
turnips' with it. This crop grows fast and 
digs down into the soil. W ith these 
short seasons and cold Springs we can 
see the need of using a large propor¬ 
tion of nitrogen in the form of nitrates. 
It is just the reverse of conditions in 
the South. There, with longer seasons 
crops can be grown practically all 
through the year, and in this way pro¬ 
vide nearly al the nitrogen needed for 
ordinary farm crops. The soil is 
warmer, and organic nitrogen is made 
rapidly available. Yet with all these 
natural advantages a southern farm 
neighborhood rarely shows' the evi- 
THE RTJRAL, NEW-YORKER 
May 2S 
deuces of prosperity which are found 
in the far North. If the southern peo¬ 
ple were forced to labor as the north¬ 
ern people do through their short sea¬ 
sons, or if the northern people could 
grow the manuring crops which the 
South produces both sections would be 
revolutionized. We feel sure that any 
New England soil which has been in 
cultivation half a century will be helped 
by lime. Send to the Connecticut Ex¬ 
periment Station at New' Haven for 
their lime bulletin. This gives ad¬ 
dresses of lime kilns. You can figure 
the cost of agricultural lime at your 
place. __ 
Crippled Chicks. 
Wliat causes “sprawlecs” in incubator 
hatched chicks, legs spread out sideways 
from body or are stiff in joints? I notice 
the trouble occurs mostly in the chicks 
that are hatched last. My incubator is 
operated in an unused room in the house. 
I have tried hatching will) and without 
moisture with the same results. a. o. 
llimrod, N. Y. 
Crippled chicks are due sometimes to 
the poor condition of the parent stock, 
breeding from immature stock, faulty man¬ 
agement of the Incubator, such as irregu¬ 
lar and improper temperature, lack of 
moisture, failure to turn the eggs; to keep¬ 
ing the eggs too long before incubation: 
keeping them exposed to too high a tem¬ 
perature before incubation, etc. Another j 
common cause of sprawlers is a smooth 
floor in the nursery tray. Large heavy j 
chicks sometimes have weak legs, and if 
the feet spread apart they are unable to 
bring them into the normal position again, j 
In all ordinary cases the cripples should 
be killed, for even if they did survive they 
would simply make weaklings that would 
cost more in time and money than they 
were worth. About the only thing to do 
to prevent the trouble is to select eggs 
only from the most vigorous stock; then 
be careful in the management of the ma¬ 
chine and cover the floor of the nursery 
tray with burlap to prevent slipping. 
c. F. b. 
SUCH A SIGHT NEVER SEEN. 
Mr. F. E. Noell, Fairfield, Me., writes: 
"Bowker’s Pyrox is a fine spray. I used 
it on my apple orchard of 120 trees. The 
result "was that the foliage was very 
clean; apples were smooth and of a 
good color. The trees were full, such 
a sight never was seen around here be¬ 
fore. I sprayed only once after the 
blossoms fell. There were no insects 
and no fungous.” “Pyrox” does not 
wash off the foliage like Paris Green, 
but sticks like paint through even heavy 
rains. Address Bowker Insecticide Co.. 
Boston, Mass. 
Let us mail you our large catalog of Buggies, 
Surveys. Concords and Automobile Seat Buggies 
and Spring Wagons. It is free. 
KALAMAZOO CARRIAGE & HARNESS CO., 
Box ~5, 
Kalamazoo, Mich. 
Mounted Gasoline Engines 
The 
Best 
Our engines are simply 
constructed and guar- -— 1 
anteed to give perfect 
satisfaction. Write for 
free catalogue allow¬ 
ing low prices on 
both steam and 
gasoline engines 
and on all farm 
implements. 
The Mossinger 
Mfg. Co.. 
P 0. Box 3,Tatamy, Pa. 
Made 
You Can’t Cut Out 
A BOG SPAVIN, FUFF or 
THOROCGHPIN, but 
will clean them off permanently, and 
you work the horse same time. Does 
not blister or remove the hair. Will 
tell you more if you write. $2.00 per 
bottle at d’lurs ordcliv’d.BookfDfree. 
ABSORB1NE, JR., for mankind. 
$1 bottle. Reduces Varicose Veins,Var- 
Hydrocele, Ruptured Muscles or Lira- 
Enlarged Glands. Allays pain quickly: 
W. F. YOUNG, P. D. F., 88 Temple St., Springfield, Mass. 
cocele, 
raents. 
For Dairies and Creameries 
Gives to rooms that were dark and dingy the 
bright and clean look of being lined with 
porcelain. Gloss-O-Lite is pure white—no 
other paint is so white, no other stays white 
so long. 
On Wood, Brick, Metal or 
Concrete Walls 
Gloss-O-Lite makes a smooth, hard surface, 
gives least lodgment to germs and dirt, and 
is therefore 
Sanitary —clean, and easily kept so. Its 
smooth porcelain-like surface has a higher 
finish than it is possible to obtain with any 
other paint at anything like the price. It 
enables you to keep your walls as free from 
germs as a tiled refrigerator. 
Economical. —With Gloss-O-Lite cr ly 
two coats are necessary to cover any surface 
that with ordinary paint requires at least three. 
It wears longer than any paint you ever used. 
Gloss-O-Lite is used by many of the largest 
model creameries and dairies—and wherever 
Gloss-O-Lite has once been tried it has since 
been in constant use. A large user of Gloss- 
O-Lite writes: 
" . WHITE is a trade-mark with us. 
We have used a great number of different kinds of 
enamel at vanous prices. Gloss-CbLite has given 
better satisfaction because it bolds its color and is 
extremely WHITE. in fact better than any 
enamel we have so far used It's especially good 
in locations where light is required." 
The use of Gloss-O-Lite will not only 
make possible perfect cleanliness in your 
buildings, but it will give them an appear¬ 
ance that will strongly impress all visitors 
with your careful attention lo sanitary 
conditions. 
Write to-day for booklet giving full infor¬ 
mation and prices, 
Gloss-O-Lite is not sold by dealers. 
U. S. Gutta Percha Paint Co., 17 Dudley St., Providence, R. I. 
The Aristocrat of Moderate 
Priced 
Cream 
Separators 
We are often asked the reason for the 
great success of the 
United States Separator 
In a nut shell it is this: 
U. S. Cream Separators are made of the best material,are most 
thorough in shimming and most durable in blearing qualities. 
Every UNITED STATES owner will stand back of these facts. 
In every line there is one best. Why? Because that one is the standard. 
So it is with Cream Separators, the United States is the Standard Cream Separa¬ 
tor. Many thousands being operated in all dairy sections have established 
its value. 
Promises and performances. There are cream separator manufacturers 
that promise great things—on paper—but in actual daily use their 
machines cannot fulfill their glaring claims. 
When some glib salesman claims he has something equal to the 
United States, make him show you proof. It is one thing to make 
a claim and another thing to prove it. 
The United States has the proof. For it Holds the 
World’s Record for closest skimming in fifty consecutive 
runs, covering one month, at the Pan-American Exposition 
from the milk of ten different breeds of cows, a 
record never having been equalled. 
Before you decide examine the United States care¬ 
fully. Ask any of the thousands of satisfied users 
and get their verdict, then have a United States 
selling agent place a United States in your dairy on 
free trial and it will prove all claims. 
In the meanwhile send for illustrated Catalogue No. 159, 
J VERMONT FARM MACHINE C0„ Bellows Falls, Vt. 
Ml 
ISB 
Cow-Ease 
) Keeps Off 
Hr Fifes 
Makes More 
A clean, harmless liquid preparation—easily 
applied by spraying—enables cattle to feed 
in peace. Never makes milk taste or smell. 
Saves its cost many times over in extra milk. 
Free Trial Offer » 
If your dealer will not supply you with 
COW-EASE, send us liis name ana we will 
tell you how to get a GALLON CAN AN1> 
SPRAYER FREE. 
Carpenter-Morton Co., Boston, Mass. 
CHAIN HANGING 
CATTLE STANCHION 
The Most Practical 
CATTLE FASTENER 
ever invented. 
Mauufactured and for 
sale by 
O. H. ROBERTSON, 
Forestville, Conn. 
Shoo Fly 
aw i-■ ^ 
The 
Animat* 
Friend 
Y Keep* off flit-8 und insects in pasture longer than —^ 
Imitation. Kills every lly it strikes! Protect you» 
Block and they’ll take on flesh. Cowa give more and 
richer milk, and horses do more work on less feed. Ha¬ 
worth saves 3 qts. milk. 1 gal. protects 3 animals a sea¬ 
son. Cures all sores. Prevents itching. Buttling 
better for galls. Used by leading veterinarians and 
dairymen since 1885. Kills lice and mites. Accept 
i no substitute. If your dealer hasn't it send hia name 
I and Jl, and we'll send enough Shoo-Fly to protect 3 am* 
I mala 80 days and improved 8-tube gravity sprayer. Name 
express oflice. ifcl refunded If animals not protected. 
Phoo-Fly Mffe.Co., 131? N. 10th8t.,Phila.*Pa. 
Ag-uts wanted everywhere. Special terms. Write today 
For Best EXTENSION LADDER ”* 
JOHN J. POTTER, It Mill St., Binghamton. X. 
No Dairyman 
Owning a cream separ¬ 
ator can afford to be 
without a Strite Gov¬ 
ernor Fulley- Will 
prolong life of your 
separator and get you a 
better grade of cream. 
Write manufacturers, 
Strite GovernorPnl- 
ley Co., 357 3d St., So.. 
1 Minneapolis, Minn. 
See 
That 
Knot 
v-ni- no Of" TUIA/r! Vfll'f err When you inspect Anthony fence is the knot—a knot for service— pom- 
Malt m M M HSFEiX S pact, smooth, neat and strong. Anthony fence is made from highly 
galvanized hard steel wire which is Inspected before woven into the feiice, and every roll of fence is carefully inspect 
m process of manufacture. Tests by daily erection, m a m __ *Bf^ — _ ^ 
Stays alwavs parallel with posts on hillside or level (V? R«j flMM B* jUB IT 
ground. You never forget anything you see about J E. B» M MU Jt fc PJ m W 
FREE Anthony knot full length souvenir hat pin mailed 
free. The head is an exact Anthony knot as it 
appears in the fence. See the knot yourself, and get a hat 
pin for a member of your family. W rite for it now—TODAY. 
—because you never forget the best thing you ever saw in the 
fence line. 
The Anthony Fence Co., 10 Michigan St.,Tecumseh, Mich., U.S.A^ 
