1000. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
65S 
Bean Poles and Tomato Stakes. 
This is the way I make bean poles 
and tomato stakes. Take three laths 
and a hard wood stake. Let the laths 
lap about 6 inches and nail together, 
also about G inches to nail to stake. 
Use hammer between two lower lath 
to drive stake into ground. 
Wadsworth, Ill. c. e. d. 
Bi-Sulphide of Carbon in Greenhouse. 
II. S. P., Summit , N. J. —You advised us 
to use bisulphide of carbon to kill the wire- 
worms in greenhouse soil, wo used it as 
directed by you, and so far we see no more 
traces of worms. Has the bisulphide any 
effect on the fife of soils, as we notice 
our plants do not start to grow as well 
as they should? We have given them a 
heavy mulch of well-rotted stable manure. 
If tlie bisulphide of carbon has any effect 
on the soil will you let us know, and what 
is best to use? 
Axs.—Carbon bisulphide is thought 
to rather benefit than injure most soil 
organisms when not used to excess, 
but tb.e action on soil is not well un¬ 
derstood. We regard it as an evil like 
any other insecticide, to be used only 
when needed. Possibly some of the 
more tender roots of your plants have 
been killed by the bisulphide, and at 
the dull season of the year the plants 
will not readdy renew their growth. 
As with Paris-green, some injury is 
always likely to follow, but it is usually 
much less than would be caused by the 
insect pests. 
Black Rot in Grapes. 
L. J., Jersey City , A'. J .—What is the 
best spray mixture for black rot and 
mildew of grapes and vines? 
A NS— Bordeaux Mixture, 5-5-50, first 
application when third or fourth leaf is 
showing, second application as blossoms 
are swelling, followed by another after 
blossoms drop. Follow the above three 
applications by others made at intervals 
of 10 days to three weeks, according to 
weather, close together if rainy or damp, 
at longer intervals if dry. In sprayings 
made after July 15 to 20 the ammoniacal 
copper carbonate solution 5-3-50 may 
be used in place of Bordeaux, and will 
not discolor the grapes and will prove 
almost as efficient a fungicide. Your ex¬ 
periment stations will furnish you with 
a bulletin or spraying calendar, giving 
directions for making these spraying 
mixtures, the formulas of which have 
been published many times before in 
The R. N.-Y. The Cornell Experiment 
Station, Ithaca, N. Y., has recently pub¬ 
lished a very complete bulletin upon con¬ 
trol of black rot of grapes in the vine¬ 
yard, the result of several years’ thor¬ 
ough work. The spraying for black rot 
will control the grape mildew. Remem¬ 
ber that to control grape rot requires 
thorough work, all leaf surfaces, grape 
clusters, vines, etc..being kept covered with 
the protective fungicide. The dangerous 
times are those damp, warm periods of 
weather, when the foliage and clusters 
of grapes are moist for long periods. If 
they are not well covered with a pro¬ 
tective spray at the commencement of 
such a period it will very likely be fol¬ 
lowed in a few days by an outbreak of 
the rot. b. d. v. b. 
Gooseberries Dropping. 
S., Luzerne Co., Pa. —Up to three years 
ago our gooseberries did well. Since that 
time they have all fallen off about the time 
they commenced to ripen. I have not min¬ 
utely examined the berries, but think there 
is a small worm in every berry. There are 
three or four varieties of them and all 
seem to be affected alike. Have any read¬ 
ers of Tub R. N.-Y. had a like experience, 
and is there any remedy? 
Ans.—“S” does not say .what var¬ 
ieties of gooseberries he has that are 
dropping. As he has several varieties 
I imagine that comprises some of the 
foreign kinds, and likely Downing. 
These will all let go and drop from 
the bushes when the conditions of soil 
or weather are unfavorable. As they 
did well previous to three years ago, 
it seems to indicate that the plants are 
old, and it is probable that pruning, 
cultivation and manuring has been neg¬ 
lected. I do not think it is caused by 
an insect. Give them thorough spray¬ 
ing of Bordeaux Mixture before the 
growth starts and before blooming, ! 
and again after fruit is set. Give them 
a heavy application of well-rotted sta¬ 
ble manure, bone and potash, and cul¬ 
tivate or dig around them, and keep 
free from weeds. Trim out old wood. 
If the currant worm eats the foliage 
in May and July, apply hellebore. If 
mildew is attacking the foliage and 
fruit, then the lime sulphur wash will 
be a. great help toward keeping it 
down, and is one of the best fungicides, 
as it is of insecticides, for use in the 
orchard. Whenever the plant is defol¬ 
iated either by currant worms or dis¬ 
ease, the fruit will drop, and when 
gooseberries become old and neglected, 
then the berries will drop from lack 
of nourishment. e. s. black. 
Growing Oranges in Texas. 
IT. 8., Cincinnati, O -—I have lately re- ! 
ceived a good deal of literature pertaining 
to the “Satsuma” orange industry of the 
Gulf Coast country. Have you any reliable 
information regarding this? They claim 
the trees will stand as low a temperature 
as 20 deg., and that it is an early and pro¬ 
lific bearer, and an exceedingly good, mar- i 
ketable orange. Of course, I would not for 
a moment think of investing with one of ! 
the companies that agree to plant and cafe 
for an orchard for a stipulated number of 
years. 
Axs. — The Department of Agricul¬ 
ture^ has made a careful study of the 
Texas orange situation. It seems to be 
settled that the common orange, po¬ 
melo and lemon are not safe in that 
section. They are liable to be killed j 
by frost. If the world's supply of 
oranges were short or likely to be' short, 
it might be safe to go ahead and take 
the risk of planting in Texas. The 
truth is that there has been heavy plant¬ 
ing in Southern Florida, Cuba, Porto 
Rico and other places where there is 
no danger from cold. It is already a 
serious problem—what to do with the 
orange crop of 10 years hence. As for 
Satsuma oranges they are hardier than 
the commoiv sorts and will stand more 
cold. Ten years ago they were badly 
nipped in Texas, but since then they 
have escaped injury. They yield well 
but are not as popular in most markets 
as other sorts. Thus far the small crops 
,of Texas Satsmnas have brought fair 
prices. If the crop is greatly increased 
of course these prices would fall. We 
do not think the facts about the Sat¬ 
suma industry in Texas justify the 
large statements made in some of the 
“literature.” 
Time to boy land is this year; 
Place to buy is Pecos Valley. 
Sample 
Crop Yields 
Hagerman Ranch ; 
Apples, 450 acres, $100,000 
Parker Earle Ranch: 
Pears, 10 acres, - - 15,000 
Crouch Ranch ; 
Alfalfa, 40 acres, - - 3,200 
Are you looking for a new home Southwest? 
Let me recommend the Pecos Valley. 
I don’t own an acre there, and have no land 
to sell. What follows is an unbiased statement, 
as exact and careful as I can make it. 
Pecos Valley is in the eastern New Mexico 
plains country. It is watered by mountain 
streams and underlaid by a vast water sheet 
from which spout artesian wells. 
The United States Government has just fin¬ 
ished, at a cost of many million dollars, two 
great reclamation projects. These assure ade¬ 
quate water supply for irrigation. 
Soil is rich and deep. Climate is mild in 
winter, cool in summer, and healthful. Plenty 
of sunshine. 
Prosperous towns await you, and a fine rail¬ 
road —- the Santa Fe —• thus guaranteeing good 
markets. 
I can cite you hundreds of cases where 
farmers have come to the Pecos Valley with 
practically nothing, and after a few years’ 
s'teady work have well-stocked farms, clear of 
debt, with money in bank. 
I can tell you of wonderful crops of alfalfa 
and fruit, regularly grown on irrigated land. 
I can prove to you that this is the ideal 
place for raising cattle, hogs, sheep and horses. 
Here are bred the best beef animals in the 
world, bar none; it’s the home of the Here¬ 
ford. Hogs, fattened on Pecos Valley alfalfa, 
bring extra prices. Well-grassed stock ranges 
of wide extent are close at hand. 
I can convince you that there is no liner 
land lying outdoors which can be bought so 
cheaply and which is so sure a money-maker. 
1 he Pecos \ alley is not an experiment. In 
1908 there was shipped over the Santa Fe 
from that section to outside markets 2 , 335,373 
pounds of grain. 
Same year shipments of baled hay amounted 
to 26,217 tons, as against 4,174 tons in 1905 , 
an increase of more than 600 per cent in three 
years. 
Fruit thrives here. No blight, no insect 
pests. Pecos Valley apples are known from 
Texas to London. 
There are 500,000 acres in the ditch and 
artesian districts. Also big areas which can 
be watered by pumping-plants. 
Unimproved lands in artesian belt may be 
bought from $15 to $30 an acre. Improved 
lands cost more. 
Cut out this part of advertisement and 
mail it to me with your name and full address. I 
will mail you illustrated land folders which tell the 
story in detail and send our homeseekers’ monthly. 
The Earth , six months free. Questions promptly 
answered. 
C. L. Seagraves, Gen. Colonization Agt., 
A. T. & S. F. Ry. System, 
1170 -Y Railway Exchange, Chicago. 
For Best EXTENSION LADDER at f ^£r C3 
JOHN J. I’OTTEK, U Mill St., Binghamton, N. Y. 
ORNAMENTAL WIRE AND STEEL FENCE 
MONT KOSS METAL SHINGLES 
Are no experiment. Made since 1889 uml nlvo satis 
taction to all users. Durable, Fireproof, inexpen 
si Vo. Catalog. Montross M. S. Co., Camden, iN. J 
Cheaper than wood, 
combining strength 
and art. For lawns, 
churches, cemeteries. 
Send for FREE 
CATALOG. Address. 
The Ward Fence Co. 
Box 676 Decatur, Ind. 
R5«Br Buy and erect a fence ~fi|5 
9KS25r you can depend on. The 
Frost Wire Fence lasts a ^ 
lifetime,withstands heavy strain B 
jyjM&a M —resists action of sun or storm. 1 
SsKaSS ■ Write for prices and Free Cata- ■ 
gg»F*» log describing fences and gates. * 
W^F^Tlie Frost Wire Fence Co. 
El J fQl' D«pt.H. Cleveland, O. i 
Itr^ ■ inni 
SHRUB 
BIG WIRES 
Make Long-Lived Fence 
This never-slip crimped tie at 
every crossing shows you the 
big strong steel wires (all same 
size) in 
Empire Fence 
All freight paid to Mississippi and 
Ohio rivers. It's the fence It pays 
to buy. Strength for every need. 
It lasts. Let us send you sample 
and a boil. to tell you all. 
BOND STEEL POST CO., Adrian. Mich. 
BROWN FENCE 
For Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, 
Chickens, Lawns— A fence for 
every purpose. Big heavy Ho. 
9 Colled Spring Wires thickly 
galvanized. 150 styles at 
15 to 35c per rod— We pay Frt. 
Free sample and catalog. 
The BROWN Fence & Wire Co. 
OeoL 59, Cleveland. Ohio. 
$£Q 1000 GALLON CEDAR TANK, 
U J 25 FOOT STEEL TOWER. 
- JUST LIKE CUT COMPLETE. 
Why pay more? Any handy man 
can erect this outfit. Our outfits 
guaranteed or money back. 
Other sizes equally as low. 
THE BALTIMORE COOPERAGE CO- 
Liberty Block, Baltimore, Md. 
We make Silos too. 
AVE YOUR BACK 
Save time, horses, work 
and money by using an 
| Electric Handy Wagon 
Low wheels, broad tires. No 
I living man can build a better. 
I Book on “Wheel Sense” free. 
[EloefricWhes’Co. Bx 88, Quincy, III. 
THAT 
This fence 19 made ot 
our o ye n special 
steel, galvanized by 
our oyvn latest im 
proved process, 
which insures the 
longest-li ve.d 
fence on the 
market. 
