1909. 
e«3 
Home Weaving in Tennessee. 
One woman of my acquaintance 
makes an independent living with her 
loom. While carpets are generally 
woven, sometimes she weaves a few 
yards of toweling, jeans or blankets. 
Not many years ago the loom was 
just as common as the chairs, and no 
country bride’s dowry was completed 
until the last set of tow ticking, towel¬ 
ing, table linen, made of cotton and 
flax, bedspreads and blankets, were 
finished. The flax patch was common 
as the garden, and flax pullings far 
more enjoyable than the present formal 
social affairs. The flax was allowed to 
lie in the rain, dews and sunshine for 
three or four weeks, ©r until the outer 
tissue was brittle; then it was tied up 
in bunches, hauled in and put through 
the flax brake. Next it was hackled,, 
by drawing through a lot of sharp iron 
spikes driven in an oblong piece of 
wood. The coarser matter was called 
tow, and the long soft wisps, when 
spun and woven, made the lustrous lin¬ 
en. now so seidom seen. 
The little wheel was more often used 
for spinning than the big wheel, and 
•ach female member of the household 
was allowed to spin six or eight cuts 
a day, cuts being 144 threads around 
ihe reel. The chain was usually made 
of cotton for common use. Reeling, 
spooling, warping, sizing (dipping 
thread in thin starch before spooling) 
and winding on thread beam was fol¬ 
lowed by taking through the gears, 
drawing through the reed, bringing 
over the breast 'beam, and down over 
the cloth beam, where ends are secured; 
then when rods are placed in position, 
the weaver is ready for business. 
For carpets, oblong shuttles made of 
flat pieces of wood are used to carry 
the filling through. If thread or yarn 
is used there are quills to be filled and 
placed in a canoe-shaped shuttle. The 
work is then easy and swift, some wom¬ 
en earning over a dollar per day, be¬ 
sides doing their work. We used to 
weave our own saddle blankets, saddle 
girths, dish cloths, toweling and, in 
fact, nearly all cloth material except a 
few extras for gala occasions, which 
were purchased. Now that so few 
follow the art, those who are proficient 
or can learn from some granddame, 
need have little fear of success. Old- 
fashioned coverlids are eagerly bought 
by the curio hunters. Two were pur¬ 
chased from this vicinity several years 
ago for an exposition. 
For weaving coverlids four sets of 
gears are used, and the art of chang¬ 
ing treadles at the right time to throw 
the design used on top is the most care¬ 
ful work required. Even the most ef¬ 
ficient weavers use a draft, which is 
tacked up in sight, after the chain has 
been placed in gears in the diamond or 
flower order. As many shuttles are re¬ 
quired as colors are used in filling. The 
tufted bedspreads are woven with two 
treadles, and are mostly filled with cot¬ 
ton warp a number coarser than the 
chain. Three threads are twisted to¬ 
gether to form the cords for tufting, 
which is in blocks, diamonds, bird’s- 
eye or any desired pattern. A small 
iron hook is used to pull the cord up 
in a bunch after it is lightly beat in, 
then a plain space with the other filling 
and another cord, and so on until com¬ 
pleted. The table linen so greatly ap¬ 
preciated is woven in the same manner 
as the coverlids, using cotton chain and 
flax filling. When laundered the blocks 
or diamonds stand out in full relief. 
Rugs may be woven in the tufted effect, 
using rags or coarse twine. One I saw 
was in green, yellow and red. The 
green rags were tufted or picked up in 
the four corners to represent leaves, the 
red to represent a large rose, with the 
yellow in centre. This, of course, re¬ 
quires time, but the owner has refused 
five dollars for ithat particular rug, 
which is only three feet wide and four 
feet long. _ mrs. d. b . Phillips. 
Uncle Rufus’s Cold Frame. 
“I f you will excuse me now, ladies, 
1 will go and put up the cold frame,” 
said Uncle Rufus, as he folded his 
napkin one hot sultry morning in early 
Summer. 
“Do you suppose you can start it by 
noon?” he asked, turning to Aunt 
Martha. 
“Certainlyq” was the reply'. “T have 
ordered cream purposely.” 
Cousin Emmaline looked her aston¬ 
ishment. “What are y'ou two people 
talking about,” she exclaimed, as Uncle 
Rufus was leaving the room. “Whq 
ever heard of starting a cold frame such 
weather as this, and what would you 
do with cream if you did?” 
Aunt Martha laughed. “Your uncle 
and I may be a trifle foolish in our use 
of terms,” she said, “but if you will 
'tep out on the back porch and watch 
him I think you will see the connection 
the rtjral new-yokKEP i 
between this cold frame and hot so hard to make. Then, too, many 
weather and cream.” people have to turn their freezer, longer 
Now, the back porch is Aunt Mar- because they do not make the ice fine 
tha’s Summer work room. It is wide enough. I find the ice shaver a great 
and roomy, extending from the dining saving of time and bother in preparing 
room wing of the house entirely across the ice. 1 his little contrivance for 
the kitchen. It is screened from the holding the freezer in place is a great 
vision of inquisitive neighbors by a help, too.’ she added. “That is one of 
lattice work, which is reinforced in your uncle s ideas. . . _ 
Summer by' White and Crimson Ramb- “Now, would you mind giving us 
ler roses. One end is fitted up for a your recipe for ice cream? I asked, 
laundry, but that is a story in itself. “You may' not think it so desirable 
The centre of the porch is the work when you taste it, my dear, but here is 
room proper, here are the chairs and the is : One pint milk, two eggs, one pint 
zinc-covered hinged shelf, which serves cream, one cup sugar, one teaspoonful 
as a table when baking is in process or of vanilla. Make a boiled custard of 
vegetables are being prepared. Near the the yolks of the eggs, the sugar and 
end, enclosed by the dining room wing, the milk. When cold add the cream 
stands the refrigerator. It was at this and vanilla and the whites of the eggs 
end of the porch we found Uncle Rufus beaten to a stiff froth. Add nuts or 
engaged in fastening a shelf 10 inches candied fruits if desired. We are very 
wide by four feet long to the wall about fond of it, she said, and I will tell 
five feet from the floor. A second you a plan my neighbor across the way 
shelf, 12 inches wide by five feet long, and I have adopted. 1 Here are oMy 
was hinged to the wall two feet from, two in each of our families, and you 
the floor at one end and a trifle lower know how long cake, lasts when there 
at the other, that there might be a are only two to eat it. Well, we just 
slight slant to the shelf. This was divide up. I furnish the ice cream and 
fitted with hinged legs on the front 
corners, so the shelf could hang flat 
against the wall when not in use. 
When this second shelf was in place 
Uncle Rufus brought out the ice cream 
freezer and placed it on the lowest 
end. and we saw the significance of the 
“cold frame.” From the shelf he mea¬ 
sured up two-thirds of the height of 
the freezer, and at this point fastened 
a piece of board which had been hol¬ 
lowed out to fit snugly against the 
freezer, the board being fastened to the 
wall on its straight edge. On each side 
of the hollow was placed a screw eye. 
she furnishes the cake. It makes it 
easier for both of us. If either one of 
us is going to have extra company we 
just say so, and she brings more cake 
or I carry more ice cream. We have 
done this for two Summers, but, of 
course, one couldn’t do that with every 
one. 
Cousin Emmaline and I have both de¬ 
cided to have cold frames like Aunt 
Martha’s, and see if we can’t have ice 
cream often, too. Martha’s niece. 
Greatest pleasure 
for your 
summer evenings 
There’s nothing so enjoyable and rest- © 
Ij ful on warm nights as the bright music /j| 
% and jolly fun of the Victor. How com- V 
(I Portable to lie in your hammock, or lounge 9) 
K N in your easy chair and listen to Sousa’s 
/ Band, and Uncle Josh, and the best sing- 
flk ers, and a hostof other entertainers. What h 
™ a wonderful instrument the Victor is! yt. 
And it doesn’t require any hard play- (Q 
fg ing, either! M 
Wl.y don’t you get a Victor? Why not P/ 
have all this pleasure for yourself? You fa 
|)) certainly ought to hear the Victor. The 
nearest dealer will gladly play any Victor ll 
records you want to hear. And he’ll sell 
you a Victor on easy terms. Write to us 
for the beautiful Victor catalogues, show- .a 
ing pictures of the great singers and mu- JM 
> 
sicians. Victors $10 to $250. 
Victor Talking Machine Co. 
Box 56, Camden, N. J., U. S. A. 
Berliner Gramophone Co., Montreal, Canadian Distributor*. 
To get best results, use only Victor Needles on 
Victor Records, 
» 
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MEAD CYCLE CO., Dept. B80, Chicago. 
A Great Achievement 
We’ve succeeded in making the 
finest and fastest shade of brown 
ever produced in cotton dress goods— 
Simpson-Eddystone Fast Hazel Brown 
calicoes. They are absolutely fast- 
color, and grow brighter with wash¬ 
ing. Stylish, serviceable, economical. 
Some with a new silk finish. 
Ask your dealer for Simpson-Eddystone Prints. If he 
hasn’t them write us his name. We’ll help him supply 
. Don’t accept substitutes and imitations. 
The Eddystone Mfg. Co., Philadelphia 
Established by Wm. Simpson, Sr. 
Three generations o! 
Simpsons have made 
SM- 
wMG.U.S.PAT.OFF. f {< 
EDdystonl 
PRINTS 
Founded 1842 
What is there that the Rose cannot 
and will not do? It will cover the pal- 
A piece of wire just long enough to nces G f kings, and just as gladly ein- SEDELKE & company. Dept. 17 , elyria, ohio 
reach snugly around the freezer from broider the porches of the lowly. It is 
screw eye to screw eye was then fas- as happy ; n the un trimmed hedge as in * 3 . M m »._ 
tened m place by means of the hooks t i ie we H-ordered garden. It can look BtBuBi* MffBMS WT&tBizBU 
bent in each end, and the freezer was a f tcr itself, and needs no more help than 
held firmly in place. Next he placed t ] ie c i oiu j or t i ie wa ve. Yet it tolerates 
a strong hook under the high shelf, interference with no loss of temper and 
and on this he hung an empty box, w ; t h its habitual smile. The Rose is 
about 12x12x30 inches, by means of a q lie en, but is a country maid likewise.' 
screw eye which he placed in one end j t belongs to no class, but is at home 
of the box near the edge. Then he took w ; t h all. Of all love gifts it is the most 
the freezer and placed it on the high expensive and seductive. Roses wel- 
shclf; beside it he placed a wooden CO me our birth, are sponsors at the bap- 
starch box filled with ice cream salt, tismal font, bridesmaids at our nuptials , 1 
an ice shaver, an ice pick and a piece mourners and white-robed petitioners to 
of board shaped like a paddle, having { iea ven at our interment.—Alfred Austin, 
wire nails driven through one end of 
it. A small pair of ice tongs hung on 
one end of the refrigerator. 
“There,” said Uncle Rufus, “I guess 
everything is in place, and the ‘cold 
frame’ is completed. Now, I must 
‘scorch it’ or I’ll he late to the office.” 
“Do you see the connection between 
cold frames and cream now?” asked 
Aunt Martha, as we returned to tbc 
house. 
"I begin to,” replied Cousin Em¬ 
maline, “but now I want to see the ap¬ 
plication of the cream.” 
“Be on hand at 10 o’clock and you 
shall,” replied Aunt Martha. 
Wle were a little late. Aunt Martha 
had already poured the cream into its 
receptacle, adjusted the freezer in place 
and now she was chipping the ice which 
she had deposited in the empty box on 
the shelf by the freezer. She held the 
ice firmly against the box with t]ie 
paddle containing the nails, as she re¬ 
duced it to the fineness of snow, almost, 
with the ice shaver. This completed, 
she tipped the box up, throwing the ice 
to one end, and commenced to measure 
it with a saucer. “Three saucers of ice 
to one of salt,” she said, as she tossed 
it into the empty end of the box. Al¬ 
ways get the ice cream salt if 3-011 can; 
it is more economical, as you can 
drain the water off and save a good 
part of it each time to use again.” 
When the salt and ice had been mea¬ 
sured and thoroughly stirred and mixed 
she packed it into the freezer and be¬ 
gan at once to turn it. In five minutes 
the cream was sufficiently frozen. She 
removed the dasher, put the stopper in 
the cover, added enough ice thoroughly 
to surround and cover the can, threw 
a cover made of several thicknesses of 
burlap over the freezer and seated her¬ 
self is one of the rockers. The water 
was running from the freezer now, and 
I saw the benefit of having that little 
slant to the shelf. All the water ran in¬ 
to a pail which Aunt Martha had placed 
under that end of the shelf. 
“How did 3-011 do it so quickly?” 
asked Cousin Emmaline. “When we 
freeze cream it takes us all morning.” 
“That’s the advantage of the cold 
frame,” said Aunt Martha. “When 
everything is at hand it is easier to pre¬ 
pare an ice than anything else I know 
of. We have a frozen dessert every 
day in hot weather. It is having to run 
to the barn for salt, to the cellar for 
the freezer bucket, climbing up on a 
chair for the cream receptacle, hunting 
for a bag to put the salt in and an ax 
to pound it with, that makes it ^eem 
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Sent free to every woman who sends us the 
name of her grocer, stating whether or not he 
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