1909. 
080 
A CONCRETE ROLLER. 
A concrete roller is a very desirable 
article to have on a farm. One may 
be made at slight cost that will be quite 
as serviceable as an iron roller costing 
several dollars. Following is described 
a simple and practical way of making 
a concrete roller. Fig. 397, shows two 
completed rollers, one with an iron 
handle, the other with one of wood. 
If one has a forge and drill, 5/16x1^2 
inch flat iron may be formed into a 
neat handle, but the wooden handle 
will be quite as serviceable if well 
braced by the cross boards; 2x4’s 
should be used for the side pieces. 
The weight of a concrete roller may 
be figured at about 150 pounds per 
cubic foot. These directions will be 
for making a roller 18 inches long and 
18 inches in diameter,' weighing, there¬ 
fore, about 400 pounds. Larger sizes 
may be made by merely changing the 
dimensions of the forms. 
Go to a tin shop and have the tinner 
cut No. 24 galvanized sheet iron to a 
dze 18 by 57 inches, and roll in his 
machine until the edges lap two or 
three inches. Now get some strips one- 
half or five-eighths inch thick and two 
inches wide. Cut eight pieces one foot 
long and one piece 17 inches long. Se¬ 
lect a smooth board surface two feet 
or more square, drive a nail in the 
center and tie a string to it. Fasten a 
pencil to the string just nine inches 
from the nail, and draw a circle 18 
inches in diameter. Take the eight 
pieces cut out, lay them on the circle 
in the manner illustrated, with each 
piece just projecting beyond the cir¬ 
cle. Nail these firmly together where 
they overlap, with small nails. Now 
mark the same circle on this form and 
cut out with a compass saw. Nail the 
17-inch strip across this and bore a 
hole exactly in the center to fit the 
axle, which should be a piece of shaft¬ 
ing one inch in diameter, or ^-inch 
gas pipe, two feet long. 
Next make a base board about two 
feet square of dressed lumber, cleats 
on the under side. Bore a hole in 
-he center of a size to fit the axle. 
THE KUKAL NEW-YORKER 
Lay the follower before made over 
this and put the axle through both 
holes. Now take the sheet iron and 
place around the follower, drawing it 
up snugly. Drive 15 or 20 eightpenny 
nails into the base board close up 
around the sheet iron to hold it in 
place. Draw the follower up to the top 
of the sheet iron and put another wire 
around the latter to keep it from 
spreading out, also one or two at the 
center. Fig. 399, shows this clearly. 
When ready to fill place the base 
board on a solid surface, allowing the 
axle to project three inches below the 
top of the base board, coat inside of 
sheet iron and base board with linseed 
oil or lubricating oil. Make a concrete 
of one part Portland cement, two parts 
of sharp sand and three or four parts 
of small stone, well mixed and wet 
enough to pour. Raise the follower 
about six inches from the bottom and 
pour in two or three inches of concrete. 
Tamp thoroughly with small tamper. 
The object of tamping is not so much 
to settle the concrete as to remove ait; 
bubbles and get the stone away from 
the forms, so as to have a smooth sur¬ 
face. Raise the follower three or four 
inches and pour in more concrete, and 
so on until the form is full. As the 
follower is raised it keeps the sheet 
iron perfectly round and the shaft in 
the center. Take the follower off and 
smooth the top with a trowel. Re¬ 
move the sheet iron in a day or two, 
but do not move the roller or base 
board for a week. The roller should 
harden two weeks before using. At 
odd times make two or three rollers 
for your neighbors, or rent them the 
form for a small sum, and thus get 
back the cost of the sheet iron, which 
is the only cash expense. 
Illinois. FRANK R. BRYANT. 
FUTURE OF DEWBERRIES. 
People came here on the big claims 
for great profits in dewberries. Many 
have nothing to depend on but their 
dewberries, as our soil is very poor, 
and will raise nothing without ferti¬ 
lizers, but it was claimed that the dew¬ 
berry was a sure crop and would pay 
up to $500 per acre. They paid three 
or four prices for land in small tracts 
and now if the dewberry fails many 
will have to get out the best they can. 
Do you think the present conditions 
are likely to hold next season? Many 
berries have been planted all over this 
county this Spring, and will add to the 
crop next year. Could you. knowing 
the New York market, advise new plant¬ 
ing, and might it not be advisable to 
root out some of this year’s planting, as 
a crop can still be grown on the land, 
and a great share of the expense is 
yet to come? I could root out vines 
and not be out over $8 or $10 per acre, 
and I shall have to spend $17 for 
stakes alone and $5 for work at least, 
and $10 or $15 for fertilizer before I 
can realize a cent; while on this land 
I could raise two crops a season at 
less expense than for dewberries. The 
first returns were six and seven cents 
and as it takes nearly five cents to 
put them on the market you can see 
there is not much in it. A. F. a. 
North Carolina. 
R. N.-Y.—There seems to be a fair 
prospect for these dewberries in the fu¬ 
ture, though from the outlook we could 
not advise large planting. We have 
interviewed many dealers. Some are 
more hopeful than others, but the ma¬ 
jority seem to agree that the berries 
fill a place in the market and that the 
demand for them will grow slowly. 
Prices have varied greatly—just as 
strawberries vary—depending on the 
weather and the condition of the mar¬ 
ket. We have known strawberries to 
sell as low as two cents a quart and 
then suddenly jump to ten cents or 
more. Some of the dewberries came 
in poor condition, and were not salable 
on that account. In some cases they 
were ripe and soft, while again they 
were picked too green. With longer ex¬ 
perience growers will learn to pick at 
the right time and then get the berries 
here in uniform condition. The crop 
sold during the season all the way 
from five cents to fifteen per quart— 
the average probably being 10 to 12. 
From this season’s results we could not 
advise heavy planting, nor could we ad¬ 
vise growers to root out the crop. We 
would try it again. 
GIRDLING TREES. 
On page 641 you have an inquiry in 
regard to girdling apple trees. I have 
three thrifty growing Mammoth Black 
Twig apple trees that had never borne 
more than a sample of apples, when they 
were 10 years old. In the early part of 
June last year I took out cigar-shaped 
strips of bark about two inches wide, 
leaving the bark on alternate strips 
all around the tree trunks. The strips 
I took the bark from were healed over 
nicely by Fall; and last Spring the trees 
bloomed freely and are now carrying 
an abundant crop. a. r. l. 
Barboursville, Va. 
WANT TO KNOW. 
What Form of Water Works? 
1 am about to erect a water works on 
my farm, but I cannot decide between an 
elevated storage tank or an air pressure 
tank. Can some of your readers give 
their experience? Does it require a special 
pump for a compressed air tank? 1 have 
a rotary pump. I wisli to use the water 
for house and stable, also for watering 
lawn, plant beds, etc. O- H. l. 
Cologne, N. J. 
Tanning Snake Skins. —Can you pro¬ 
cure for me a formula or method for tan¬ 
ning snake skins, one that is simple to 
work, and which at the same time preserves 
the natural coloring and marks of the skin, 
leaving the skin soft and pliable after it is 
tanned? I have tried many ways, but none 
gives me satisfaction so far, c. w. i>. 
When you write advertisers mention Tun 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
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> dozen 
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Cools to Within 2 Degrees 
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MAIN OFFICE S FACTORY ST. PAU L. MI N N. 
RUNNING WATER ON FARM 
THE AERMOTOR GASOLINE ENGINE 
is designed to supply water for the farm 
building. This outfit insures a supply of 
water at all times and tho price is within 
the reach of every farmer. Pump rap.—1600 
gals, per hour, If* ft. elevation; 800 gals. ,25 
ft.; <100 gals., 50 ft. Complete outfit $37.60, 
or del. at K. R. Sta. $4*2.60. 
Write for descriptive Catalog 
No. 5 giving full Information. 
J. FI. KDWAKDS, 
59 Park Place, N. Y 
, of the cooling medium, whether it be 
r running ice water, well or s P r ‘"8 I wate r* ' 
t It is the wonderful efficiency cooler 
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CHAMPION 
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the best at any price, because it] 
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Write for prices and cata¬ 
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,11th SL, Cortland, 
N. 1 
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gasoline engines 
and on all farm 
implements. 
Tho Mossingor 
Mfg. Co., 
P.O. Box 3,Tatamy, Pa 
(LIGHTNING 
strikes thousands of barns just after the hay 
and grain have been put in them. Are you 
running the risk of losing your buildings, 
your stock and your whole season's crops 
by one terrible flash? Don't take that risk. 
1 Government statistics show that good Light- 
I ning Rods will protect them. 
Put Up Your Own Lightning Rods 
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) Mfrs. Pure Copper Cable Lightning Rods 
Dept. I, Detroit. Mich. 
■—There's 
strength 
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The fence of substance. Solid wire without im¬ 
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BOND STEEL POST CO., Adrian, Michigan 
BIG WIRE FENCE 
The United States Cream Separators 
Lead the Separator procession in every particular 
The UNITED STATES make cream of any desired den¬ 
sity from twenty (20) to sixty (60) per cent, butter fat. 
Read what experts and users say:— 
Montana Agricultural College 
and Experiment Station. 
Bozeman, Mont., Feb. 8, 1909. 
This is to certify that the United 
States Separator that has been 
constantly in use here at the 
Daily Building of the Montana 
Agricultural College has given us 
splendid satisfaction. In light run¬ 
ning and durability, the machine 
is strong and in skimming capa¬ 
city the No. 5 that we have at 
the present time has skimmed as 
close as .02 of 1 per cent, taking a 
35 per cent, cream. 
W. J. Elliott, Prof, of Dairying. 
Ohio State College. 
Columbus, O., April 20, 1907. 
The No. 6 U. S. Separator in 
our laboratory with the low milk 
can is a great improvement. We 
have required it to take a thick 
cream over 40 per cent, fat and 
several times it has been over 50 
per cent. The test of the skimmilk 
is usually .01 to .02 per cent. fat. 
I am glad you still keep up the 
solid frame and fine workmanship 
on the running parts, as com¬ 
petition with cheap machines is 
getting keen. 
John W. Decker, Prof, of Dairying. 
Everett, Washington, Jan. 8, 1907. 
I hereby certify that I tested a sample of cream and skimmilk taken 
from Geo. Crocker’s U. S. Separator some time ago and the cream tested 
66 per cent, and skimmilk a little less than two one hundredths of one per 
cent. I will further state that I am not now, nor never was, agent for the 
U. S. Separator. p. j. Adkins, Buttermaker , Everett Creamery. 
Subscribed to and sworn to before me this 8th day of January, IQ07. 
Thomas W. Cobb, Notary Public in and for the State of Washington, residing at Everett. 
We can furnish thousands of testimonials of like tenor . 
Send for “ U. S. Short Story” booklet , also Catalogue No. 1 59m 
VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO., Bellows Falls, Vt. 
o 
