the RURAL, NEW-' VORKER 
«! *7 
1905>. 
RABIES AND MUZZLED DOGS. 
Page 023, "Rabies and the Pet Dog." 
carries a wrong Impression. “The most 
reasonable way is to keep every dog muz¬ 
zled whenever there is a ease of rabies 
anywhere near." How will that prevent 
rabies in your dog? I cannot conceive a 
case of true rabies developing spontane¬ 
ously : it must be by inoculation; and if 
your dog has a muzzle and on the street 
a dog from a neighboring town, umiuarou¬ 
tined. has a light all his own way. your 
dog with the muzzle is wounded and the 
rabid dog goes away scot free, to bite 
again. Let it be made a State quarantine 
instead of one town or the half of one 
town. The town of Waterford iu Saratoga 
County is unquarantined, while the towns 
surrounding it in Albany, Saratoga and 
Rensselaer counties are quarantined. As 
conducted at the present time, our Agri¬ 
cultural Department is making a farce of 
it. I do not want a case of rabies, and 
I do not expect to develop it without 
inoculation, nor do I expect it lo develop 
in my dog without inoculation, yet my dog 
muzzled is far more liable lo be inoculated 
i ban unmuzzled, unless a larger section is 
under quarantine at one time. The best, 
way is to drop the muzzle and build a 
larger yard, inclosing shade and water with 
a good wire fencing so as to keep all dogs 
out as well as your own in. m. a. 
R. N.-Y.—If the law were enforced 
the "dog from the neighboring town” 
would be obliged to wear a muzzle or 
he killed when he came into a quaran¬ 
tined area. - The plan of keeping dogs 
iu a yard with shade and water is good. 
That is the way our dogs on the farm 
are kept. We are informed by the 
Agricultural Department that before the 
new law, signed May 8 of this year, 
the Commissioner did not have ftifl 
power to quarantine. He may now if 
need be quarantine the entire State 
against an infectious or contagious dis¬ 
ease. At the present time rabies is 
chiefly confined to the following coun¬ 
ties: Jefferson, Albany and vicinity, 
Broome and vicinity, Onondaga, Cayu¬ 
ga, Chautauqua, Cattaraugus, Erie and 
Niagara. There are, therefore, large 
tracts where there are no known traces 
of the disease The present policy 
seems to be to wait until the disease 
appears before estab'ishing a quaran¬ 
tine. Before the present law became 
effective it was necessary for the com¬ 
missioner to know that a district was 
infested. We are told that the towns 
around Waterford were reported in¬ 
fected by rabies and quarantine was re¬ 
quested by the health officers. 
Lime Concrete for Silos. 
II. TV. F-, Houston, Vn .—On page 033, 
replying to an inquiry. "More About Oon- 
erete Silos.” there is an article by Edward 
Vim Alstyne, in which lie recommends very 
highly the use of what he calls lime con¬ 
crete. T wish to know something more 
nbout this. I built an in-the-ground silo 
ibis Spring in tin- following manner. I dug 
a pit 10 feet deep and 13 feet square, mak¬ 
ing the earth walls perpendicular and true. 
I then set np beams perpendicularly and 
sevi'ii indies from the earth walls. I 
(lien put on tlie inside of these upright 
beams, inch hoards, so as to give me a 
six-inch space between the hoards and the 
earth walls. 1 then mixed a concrete of 
erushed stone, sand and cement, in the 
proportion of one cement, three sand and 
live stone. This concrete was tamped in 
between the lndi boards and the earth 
wall, making a six-indi concrete wall to the 
pit or silo. After this concrete was well 
set. tlie upright tin hers and horizontal inch 
boards were taken out; the concrete wall 
plastered with cement mortar and a six- 
inch cement bottom put in the silo so as to 
make it watertight. I wish to know if I 
muld have used the lime concrete made as 
suggested by Mr. Van Alstyne in tlie place 
<>f tlie concrete I did use with as good 
results. Again, I wish to build some ma¬ 
nure pits, and gutters iu cow stables. Can 
I use tlie lime concrete, and will it last as 
well as the old-fashioned cement concrete? 
By calculation I find that at prices ruling 
here 1 can make a cubic foot of line con¬ 
crete-with lime and cement costing f! 2-3 
cents, while a cubic foot of cement concrete 
will take 13 1-3 cents worth of cement. I 
can also get the sand or gravel and stone 
for the lime concrete much cheaper than 
I can get the sand and crushed stone for 
the cement concrete. Please let mo know 
whether the line concrete is as durable 
and as impervious to water as is the ce¬ 
ment concrete. 
Nxs.—The lime concrete referred to 
could have been used just as well as the 
cement, etc. It will take longer to be¬ 
come thoroughly hard, but will be just 
as durable, and impervious to water. 
The earth parts of my own silos are put 
in in that way, and have been in use 
many years. By laying the rough stony 
in the concrete after it is in the forms 
the cost can still be materially reduced 
1 have never had any experience in mak¬ 
ing manure pits, or gutters with this 
material. However, I should not hesi¬ 
tate so to construct a pit; I do not 
think the liquid would affect the lime. 
I know it would be water-tight. For 
the gutters, I would use the regular 
cement, as the friction of the shovels 
used in the daily cleaning would be 
likely to wear away the coarser surface, 
unless it were very thick, which would 
be impractical, epwarp van alstyne. 
SHIPPING LIVE STOCK. 
Fig. 403 shows how stock is shipped 
from Hunt Farm. There are many 
ways of making crates but this one 
is the best we have seen. It is light in 
weight and still substantial enough to 
ship in for any distance. The corners 
are 2x4’s, hemlock with piece of same 
nailed on bottom of corner pieces the 
width of crate. Bottom board is made 
of hard wood and nailed on bottom of 
crate so roller can be used. Sides are 
one inch pine, bottom board five inches 
wide, other four inches. We use 
stanchion made of one-inch pine five 
inches wide and height of crate. Crate 
A CALF IN A CRATE. Fig. 403. 
should be securely nailed with nails 
long enough to clinch; otherwise the 
slats will be knocked off. 
Many of the States require a tuber¬ 
culin test and attach severe penalty for 
any violation of the law; it is necessary 
to know the law of any State into 
which we intend to ship. A recent ex¬ 
perience in which it was three weeks 
before 1 could get any satisfactory an¬ 
swer to my letter of inquiry or a copy 
of the law only illustrates the necessity 
of a uniform test or requirement for 
each State. It would save the breed¬ 
ers of purebred stock a heap of trouble 
and expense. Express connections^ are 
quickly made, so that stock can be 
shipped west or south very quickly. A 
pail should be tied on to crate, as ex¬ 
press agents are required to water all 
such shipments. Manger should be 
filled with good clover hay, and if out 
over twelve hours a bag of ground feed 
should be sent along. We have shipped 
to many western States in above man- 
mer and we have never yet had a 
complaint. The exact weight of stock 
should be sent to the buyer bv letter, 
as the express companies seem to like 
to add some extra weight at times to 
help out their low rates. 1 caught them 
once where they put on about 400 
pounds on two little calves. It took 
me six months, but T hung fire till they 
made it nearly right. There is great 
satisfaction in shipping stock that 
pleases your customers. c. i. hunt. 
PROFIT IN WINTERING SHEEP. 
Could a |>orson buy in the Fall a carload 
of sheep and keep tlirough the Winter, sell 
iu t lie Spring and make any money on 
lliein? How long do they curry lambs? 
Do they need a tight barn or cool? ji. v. 
New Milford, X. Y. 
There is often a good profit in buy¬ 
ing sheep in the Fall, and selling in the 
Spring, although ‘‘-beep" is rather in¬ 
definite. 1 have found the most profit 
in buying lambs, and fattening them. 
To do this with profit one must have 
early-cut hay, clover preferred. Coarse 
Timothy is not fit to feed to sheep of 
any kind. He must also be willing to 
feed liberally of grain, and give them 
oareful attention, in order that they 
do not get off their feed, by overfeed¬ 
ing or dirty mangers. The most profit- 
aide to feed are those of compact 
form, preferably grades of some of the 
Downs—weighing in October from 40 
to 00 pounds. Avoid a coarse wool 
lamb, unless you intend to feed for a 
long period, well into the Spring. 
They will grow all right, but not round 
out with fat, which they must do to 
bring the highest price in market. If 
these lambs when on the pasture^, are 
fed a little grain, they will then learn 
what it is, and be ready to take hold 
when they go into Winter quarters. 
Such lambs usually never have eaten 
anything except grass, and T have had 
them take a week to get to eating after 
taken off the pastures. One. pound of 
grain will make as much growth with 
the grass as two with dry feed. Feed 
in clean troughs, and never put fresh 
feed on top of that which they have 
left. This is very important. 
When put in Winter quarters, grade 
up in small flocks of about fifty, ac¬ 
cording to size. Give only what hay 
they will eat up. and come hungry to 
the rack for the next feed, morning 
and night. The grain should be at the 
start half corn, the other half may be 
oats or bran as is most economical, the 
former preferred. With this they 
should have some roots, say a half 
bushel to 50, to start with; later this 
may he doubled. Increase the grain as 
they will take it, feeding this twice a 
day. If they get off their feed, give no 
grain for a day or two. The last month 
of feeding the corn may lie increased 
to three-fourths. If not too high in, 
price, a little nutted linseed meal may 
be added to the grain to advantage. 
They must have access to plenty of 
fresh clean water at all times. Such 
lambs should gain easily 10 pounds a 
month. The advantage of a lamb over 
an old sheep is that with the latter one 
can only fatten them; with the former 
one can both put on fat and the bone 
and muscle, that belongs to a young 
growing animal. These can usually be 
bought for from four to five and a 
fraction cents a pound and they sell 
from six to eight, leaving a nice mar¬ 
gin of profit between the purchase and 
selling price in addition to the gain in 
weight. Of course there are years 
when this is not true, but they are 
the exception. There is always a mar¬ 
ket for them at any time one is ready 
to sell. Sometimes it will pay to feed 
well into March or April and shear be¬ 
fore selling. 
I have bought breeding ewes in the 
Fall, and sold them at a good advance 
in the Spriiig. They do not need so 
much expensive grain, and will eat 
more coarse feed like stalks, and do 
not need the careful watching as does 
a lamb that is being pushed. The ob¬ 
jection is that when one gets ready to 
sell, he must find a buyer, theoretically 
not a hard thing to do with the pres¬ 
ent demand for sheep, practically not 
so easy just at the time when one is 
ready to sell. A ewe will carry a lamb 
five months. Sheep of any sort need 
a dry place to sleep and run. They 
should he sheltered from the storms. 
They do not want to be kept so warm 
as cattle, for they have the protection 
of their fleece but they should he in 
a well-ventilated building, free from 
drafts. EDWARD VAN ALSTYNE. 
tv hex you write advertisers mention The 
1«. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal. - ’ See guarantee page 8. 
Wfsm 
ONE MILLION IN USE 
burnt 
Separators 
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Take 
90 Days’ 
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Why pay $85 to $1 TO to dealers or agents 
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No Barn is Complete Without a 
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Greatest capacity, easi¬ 
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Carrier wheels are roller 
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