704 
THE RURA L, N fcC W-YORKER 
July 31, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[livery query must >e accompanied by the name 
and nduress of the writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
Cover Crop for Western New York. 
W. A. If., 'Wyoming, N. Y. —I see a 
groat deal In The It. N.-Y. about cover 
crops. What would he the best crop to 
sow in corn at the last cultivation, the 
ground to be plowed for peas the following 
Spring? Crimson clover does not: do well 
here. The soil is a clay loam and one 
field is gravelly. Mow do you cover the 
seed ? 
Ans. —Where Crimson clover does 
not thrive we should use two pounds 
each of Dwarf Essex rape and Cow- 
horn turnips per acre. Just before 
the last cultivation sow this seed evenly 
over the field, and then cultivate lightly 
—both ways, if possible, so as to cover 
as much ground as possible. Of course, 
in a very dry season the turnips and 
rape will not make a large crop, and 
the corn will suffer somewhat. On 
open land, after early potatoes or some 
such crop barley and Canada peas make 
a good cover crop. 
Transplanted Apple Trees. 
It. A. ,S., Queen’s Bay, B. C .—I have 
ordered 50 trees each of Cox’s Orange 
I’ippin, Gravenstein, Rome Beauty and 
Wagoner. They are all two years old, 
grafted on to three-year-old roots. Can 
I safely put them into nursery rows at first 
and then put them out when the ground 
is ready? Could one keep them two or 
three years in the nursery rows before set¬ 
ting out? 
Ans. —You can safely do this. We 
transplanted trees five and nine years 
old this year in safety. They are now 
making good growth. You should cut 
the tops back severely when transplant¬ 
ing. A number of good fruit growers 
follow this plan. They take trees from 
the nursery and plant them in three and 
four-foot rows, giving good culture. 
Then, when they are nearly ready to 
bear, the trees are cut back and planted 
where they are to stand permanently. 
Thus the land is left free for other 
crops while the trees are growing. 
Development of a Water Power. 
TV. L. C., Vermont. —In a recent num¬ 
ber of The R. N.-Y. I noticed an inquiry 
from Connecticut regarding a mill privilege. 
I was much interested both in question 
and reply, as I have a water-power in 
the “Bashful State” (Vermont) about 
which I would like to make similar inquiry. 
There is a good dam, and fall of fifteen 
feet. An expert engineer has said of it, 
that with some improvements in way of 
excavations, and slight repairs on dam it 
would give 100 horse power for nine 
months in the year. Would this be of 
value for an electric plant, and how large 
one could be established? In short, what 
are its possibilities for an electric plant, 
or for some kind of manufacturing? It is 
near a thriving village and about one 
mile from railroad station. 
Ans. —I might say frankly that, a 
water power large enough to develop 
100 horse power for nine months in a 
year is a good deal bigger than I am 
dealing with. My thinking and work¬ 
ing along these lines has been with the 
little spring brook type of water pow¬ 
ers. There are thousands of streams 
of this class scattered all over the 
country that will never pay for any 
very expensive development, but that 
may at the expense of a few hundred 
dollars be made to light the house and 
barn and probably run the grindstone 
and separator, and perhaps the silage 
cutter. It takes a pretty big volume 
of water to furnish 100 horse power 
under only 15 feet head. For example, 
a pond covering six acres would be 
lowered in depth one foot in less than 
one hour. Power of this size must 
either be located on large streams or 
have big storage reservoirs, or else de¬ 
pend upon comparatively small amounts 
of water under high heads. If one is 
to tackle a power proposition as big 
as this, the first thing to seek will be 
the advice of a technically trained en¬ 
gineer. If he wants to make a little 
pond down back of the barn and play 
with a three or four horse power 
plant, he can do it himself, and have 
all manner of fun out of it, too, as the 
writer knows by experience. A power 
plant that can be depended upon to fur¬ 
nish 100 horse power for even nine 
months of the year ought to be worth 
considerable money, and the question 
of a mile or two in carrying the power 
is not a serious matter if high voltage 
currents are employed. 
JARED VAN WAGENEN, JR. 
Utilizing Oats and Peas. 
C. J., M'ayland, N. Y .—I have four 
acres that I wish to grow potatoes on next 
year; the soil is gravelly, quite poor. I 
expect to have manure to cover most of 
it next Spring. This year I have one acre 
of it in corn, two acres in canning factory 
peas, one acre in Canada peas and oats. 
The last mentioned is poor in most of it. 
The peas will be off the ground about 
July 15-20. Which will be the more profit¬ 
able to me, to cut the peas and oats for hay, 
as I am short of bay. or to plow it under? 
I have thought of sowing rape and Cow- 
horn turnips in the corn at the last cul¬ 
tivation and to sow rye where I had peas, 
but then how will I apply the manure on 
the rye in the Spring? I would like to 
enrich the soil. 
Ans.—W hether to cut the oats and 
peas or plow them under will have to 
be settled by your needs. We expect 
a short hay crop, and should make 
fodder of the oats and peas and fol¬ 
low them with rye. In the Spring scat¬ 
ter the manure over the growing rye 
and plow the whole thing under, or, if 
you do not care to do that, plow under 
the rye, then spread the manure and 
harrow it in. We should sow rape and 
turnips in the corn. 
Butter and Eggs in Storage. 
Our opinion of the amount of eggs and 
butter stored in Buffalo this year is as 
follows: BufTalo Cold Storage Company, 
Eggs, 125,000 cases; butter, 500,000 
pounds. Arctic Cold Storage Company, 
Eggs, 25,000 cases, butter, 1,000 tubs. As 
compared to last year, Buffalo Cold Stor¬ 
age Company, eggs same amount, butter 
50 per cent, short. Arctic Cold Storage 
Company, eggs 5,000 cases short, butter 
same amount as last year. 
G. M. WATTLES & SONS. 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
The holdings of butter in and around 
New York City proper are about 20 per 
cent lighter than last year at this time. 
The holdings of eggs are about 15 per 
cent heavier than last year at this time. 
New York. james Rowland & co. 
We are of the opinion that there are 
about 25 to 30 per cent less eggs stored 
here than at this time a year ago, also 
believe this will apply to butter at country 
points, but we believe there are about as 
many eggs stored in country warehouses 
as a year ago. 
A. W. BEAR COMMISSION CO. 
Kansas City, Mo. 
In getting in touch with the three lead¬ 
ing warehouses in our city we find they 
had in storage up to the closing of busi¬ 
ness July 16, 53,756 packages of butter 
and the same time in 1908 they had 
96,272 packages, making a shortage of 43,- 
516 packages. The amount of eggs stored 
tip to the present time in the three lead¬ 
ing warehouses is 165,600 cases, against 
197,194 cases in 1908, making a short¬ 
age of 31,594 cases. This does not take 
in some smaller houses and a number of 
bouses iu the suburbs of Philadelphia, but 
they are all more or less short. 
CRAWFORD & LEHMAN. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
We estimate that on July first holdings 
here, outside of the Stock Yards, which 
are of a rather indefinite quantity, were 
700.000 cases against 900.000 a year ago. 
As indicated above estimates sometimes 
differ considerably, but we believe our fig¬ 
ures are conservative. Storage season ap¬ 
pears practically over, and very few eggs 
are going info storage at the moment. The 
Associated Warehouse Report shows a 
shortage of 97,000 cases of eggs, 8.000,000 
pounds butter July first as compared with 
a year ago. This report is made up by 
the Secretary of the American Warehouse¬ 
men’s Association, which is composed of 
32 houses, located in various parts of the 
United States, and is generally considered 
to be a fair idea of the statistical storage 
situation. There are however, several im¬ 
portant houses, which do not belong to 
this Association. Boston, Buffalo, and 
New York City, probably have more eggs 
than they had a year ago, and same ap¬ 
plies to Albany. Springfield. Mass., as well. 
However, interior houses like Scranton, 
Elmira. Worcester, Cleveland and Detroit 
have less, and Chicago, which usually has 
more eggs than any city, is also short, so 
we conclude that the shortage of four or 
five per cent shown in Associated Ware¬ 
house Report is a fair estimate. 
Chicago, 111. MERRILL & ELDREDOE. 
Foreclosure of Mortgage. 
By the terms of my mortgage I agree 
to pay $100 each year besides the interest 
for five years. This year I have not paid 
the $100. Can the mortgagee proceed to 
foreclose? h. g. 
New Jersey. 
The rights of the parties depend on the 
terms of the mortgage which usually gives 
the mortgagee the right to foreclose and 
sell the property described in the mort¬ 
gage upon the default in payment of the 
interest, taxes, assessment. installment 
payment and principal when due. In 
your case the mortgagee may proceed to 
foreclose at once, thus adding extra cost 
to your debt. We think that you should 
see the mortgagee and if he demands what 
is due him you can raise the balance due 
at a savings bank or elsewhere and pay 
him off. If the security is ample many 
will be glad to loan at the usual rate of 
interest. 
Married Woman’s Property Rights. 
What right has a married woman in 
New Jersey to personal property, acquired 
before marriage and can she dispose of 
same without consent of her husband? 
Also, has she a right to her own wages, 
earned outside of the home to use as she 
may choose ? l. a. r. 
New York. 
The recent laws of your State have given 
married woman extensive property rights, 
She may acquire, hold and sell real or 
personal property; she may engage in busi¬ 
ness on her own account as if unmarried 
independent of the business of her bus- 
band. She is not at liberty to act as 
business partner of her husband. Her hus¬ 
band is still entitled to her wages as her 
time belongs to him. The husband is 
obliged to support her according to her 
station. The reason for this rule that the 
husband must support the wife and that 
her time and wages belongs to him is that 
this plan better insures happy homes than 
if the wife were allowed to collect for 
her wages.—63 N. J. Eq. 288. 
Division Fence off the Line, 
A recent survey shows that the division 
fence sets over some distance on my land. 
My neighbor does not dispute this, but 
claims that the fence has been maintained 
on this line for over 20 years, and there¬ 
fore I cannot remove the fence to the cor¬ 
rect line. a. j. 
New York. 
Your neighbor has acquired no right to 
the land or fence. It is your land, and 
you can claim it at any time. You may 
remove the fence at any time and call 
upon your neighbor to join with you in 
building it on the line. If he refuses you 
should call in the fence viewers, who are 
empowered to inquire into all the facts, 
and direct the building of it, putting a 
lien on the neighbor for his share of 
cost. A person may acquire a right of 
way over lands of another after 20 years 
of continuous use, but he cannot claim the 
land itself; that passes with the deed. 
PARTI CTT DC ADQ-Arrnnge for that 
DUniLCII rCAnO orchard now. 
SPECIAL PRICES during August for the finest 
trees we ever grew. Catalogue free. 
W. P. RUPERT & SON, Box 15, Seneca, N. Y. 
Peach 
Baskets 
2, 4. 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 
16-quart sizes. 
Peach Covers 
Wooden, Burlap and 
Cotton. 
Berry, Peach and 
Grape Crates, etc. 
Write for PRICES and CATALOGUE. 
COLES&COMPANY 
109 & 111 Warren Street, New York. 
ESTABLISHED 1884. 
Two layers of glass instead of one, with an air space 
between, lets in light and warmth during the day, keeps 
in the heat at night. Makes earlier, better plants. 
Delivery guaranteed. Now is the time to get ready for 
cold frames. Write for catalogue. “ 
Sunlight Double-Class Sash Co., 924 E. Broadway, Louisville, Ky. 
ALFALFA 
All Northern Grown and 
guaranteed to be 99 per cent 
pure. Should produce hay 
at $40.00 per acre annually. Write for Free Sample 
and instructions on growing. 
GRAIN AND GRASS SEEDS 
Northern Grown and of strongest vitality. Wo invito you to 
get Government Tests on our samples. Send for Cat. No. 23 
THIS J. E. WING & EROS. SEED CO. 
Box 223* Median! csburg:, Ohio 
SEED WHEAT JBk 
First-Class FRUIT TREES KfSfiir 
Grown in the famous Genesee Valley. 
SAMUEL FRASER, Genesco, N. Y. 
CRIMSON CLOVER'S 
per bushel. E. RIGG. Jr., Burlington, N. J. 
FOR QAI C— Crimson (hover Seed, #0.00 bushel, 
run uHLL Cow Peas, $1.7.5 to $2.00 bushel, 
Cow-Horn Turnip Seed. 40e. pound. 
_ J. E. HOL LAND. Milford, De>a. 
C hoice clover and grass seeds sold 
direct to the farmer. Wo have reduced our 
choice Hungarian and Millet seeds to the present 
market value. Write for samples and prices at 
once. N. WURTH KIM Kit & SONS. Ligonier, Iud. 
ALFALFA SOIL for Inoculation — Book 
. your order now to insure prompt shipment. 
K. T. GILL. Haddon Farms, Haddonfield, N. J, 
C ABBAGE PLANTS—All Seasons, Premium. 
Flat Dutch. Surehead. Danish Railhead, $1 UU 
per lUOU. BASIL R. fJERRY, Cool Spring, Del. 
1,000,000 PLANTS,!;;;,,'; 
Surehead and Danishball Cabbage, $1.00 per J.000-. 
10,000 for $8.00. White Plume, G. S. Blanching, 
Giant Pascal. Winter Queen and Perle He Grand 
Celery, $1.25 per 1,000: 10,000 for $10.00. Address 
CALEB BOGGS & SON, -:- Choswold, 1 
Del. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, Berlin, Md. 
1100 acres trees and plants. Catalog free. 
fJCIERY —HEST VARIETIES. Full count of 
1 heavily rooted, stocky plants. 
H. A. TODD, Doylestown, Penna. 
CELERY 
PLANTS, $1.25 per 1 , 000 . (G. Self-Blanching, 
$1.50). 200 plants by mail for $!. Disc, on 
large lota. Slaymaker & Sou, Dover, Del. 
QNE Quart of Strawberries pia,! t a i9io 
'' Send for Catalogue and Prices. 
T. C. KEVITT, Athenia, N. J. 
For Best EXTENSION LADDER !lt fl £tt££, riccs 
JOHN J. TOTTER, 11 Mill St., Binghamton, N. Y. 
CRIMSON CLOVER 
The great soil improver. Valuable 
also for early green food, grazing and 
hay crop. Special circular free; also 
sample and price of seed on request. 
HENRY A. DREER, 
714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Thomas 
(BASIC SLAG PHOSPHATE] 
The Only Phosphate Especially Suited 
For Use Upon Alfalfa —- Unequalled For 
Grass, Clovers, P astures and Fruit Trees. 
A Ton of THOMAS PHOSPHATE 
POWDER Contains Approximately: 
340 to 380 lbs. of Phosphoric Acid 
700 
“ 1000 “ 
“ Lime 
100 
“ 120 “ 
“ Magnesia 
260 
“ 280 “ 
“ Iron 
140 
“ 180 “ 
“ Manganese 
From this you can readily see why it gives such remarkable results. 
Our Booklet, “THOMAS PHOSPHATE POWDER AND ITS 
USES,” is sent free if you mention The Rural New-Yorker. 
THE COE-MORTIMER COMPANY, Special Importers 
24 Stone Street, New York City 
