712 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Live Stock and Dairy 
PRIZES FOR GRADE CATTLE. 
Editorially, on page 628 of The 
Rural New-Yorker, reference is made 
to the $400 prize offered by the New 
York State Fair for the best four grade 
cows, and suggestions are asked for as 
to how they should be judged. I would 
say first, although a little aside from the 
particular point at issue, that a grade, 
strictly speaking, should be from a pure¬ 
bred sire. Too often I find grade cows 
brought into the ring for me to judge, 
which might be almost anything, so far 
as their appearance i's concerned. Doubt¬ 
less they have some of the blood of the 
particular breed they are supposed to be 
graded from, but it is so mixed that ex¬ 
cept as they may have some value as 
profitable dairy cows, they are of little 
worth to breed from in building up a 
herd of high grades. The Saratoga 
County Fair—where I have judged for 
several years—insists that all grades be 
from a pure blood sire, and the quality 
of tlie grades shown there has been ma¬ 
terially enhanced thereby. An animal 
which is the product of the union of two 
purebreds, is a cross-bred, and not a 
grade, and should never be shown as 
such. 
Again I find many fairs that are very 
careful about classifying pure bloods, 
when it comes to grades, allow Jerseys, 
Ayrshires, and sometimes even Iiol- 
steins and Durhams to compete in one 
class. No one could properly decide be¬ 
tween such. I certainly cannot. If there 
is any merit in grades, and there cer¬ 
tainly is, it is to build up a herd from a 
purebred sire, that are uniform and ap¬ 
proach as near as possible to the pure¬ 
bred, in every particular. Most farmers 
must improve their herds that way, if at 
all, because they have not the money 
to spare to buy good females that are 
registered, to make a dairy. In this par¬ 
ticular case, it would appear as if any 
grade was eligible to enter for this 
prize. Certainly only true grades—those 
from a pure blood sire—should be al¬ 
lowed to compete. When I judge grades 
I first consider how nearly they approach 
the purebred in form and color. Next 
their individual points of merit, which 
should make them valuable for profit¬ 
able production. To judge solely on in¬ 
dividual merit, they need not be grades 
at all, just cows. Then one must needs 
judge as he would in selecting one for 
a business herd. To me it would make 
a mighty sight of difference, whether 
I wanted a cow to give simply a large 
amount of milk or one to give me but¬ 
ter fat, and the character of the farm 
on which I was to keep them. For one 
purpose a Holstein grade would be bet¬ 
ter than another, one from the Chan¬ 
nel Island breeds, or still another, 
perhaps an Ayrshire. Hence I do not 
believe any man could render a just 
verdict, however honest he might be, 
in judging this class, if grades of sev¬ 
eral breeds are to be shown together, 
unless he had their products and a state¬ 
ment of the feed they ate, before him. 
I think first there should be a sworn 
statement in each case of the milk and 
butter fat yield for the year previous; 
for how long they had been fresh prior 
to the fair, and what and how much 
they had been fed the month previous. 
Then the judging should not be done 
until the fifth day of the fair, and dur¬ 
ing that time a strict account kept of 
their feed during that period, as well 
as their product both as to quantity of 
milk, butter fat and other solids. With 
these facts, and the cows before him, 
the judge could then render a fair de¬ 
cision, and every cow would be placed 
on her real merit. Surely, if it is worth 
while to offer a prize of this magnitude 
at all, it is worth while to carry out the 
work in a way that really means some¬ 
thing, although much more trouble and 
expense is entailed. Only as our fairs 
are really educational is the immense 
amount the State is annually spending 
on them in any degree justified. 
EDWARD VAN ALSTYNE. 
THE PRICE OF BUTTER FAT. 
I enclose a circular of a Philadelphia 
firm, dealers in cream. We ship whole 
milk. We wish to know whether shipping 
cream at their price, 26 to 30 cents per 
quart, and having skim-milk to feed to 
pigs is more profitable than shipping whole 
milk at four cents per quart. Would it 
not be better for the farm? Do you know 
whether their rating is good or not? Do 
they do a square and just business? We 
ship about 400 quarts of milk daily. We 
have iy 2 horse power gasoline engine. 
All we need is a separator. The letter 
follows: 
“We can pay you for hand separator 
cream according to ilie actual butter fat 
test, which means 35 pounds of butter count¬ 
ed for a one-hundred-pound can tesiing 35 
per cent and can pay at the prices quoted 
for New York extra solid packed creamery 
butter day of arrival, prepaid by milk 
train, boat, baggage or express delivered to 
Philadelphia. The New York quotations 
are now 26 cents for extra creamery solid 
packed creamery butter. Five 100-pound 
cans of milk testing four per cent, contain 
four pounds of butter each. These five 
cans will make 100 pounds of 20 per cent 
cream, and we will pay for it as 20 pounds 
of butter at the price of New York quo¬ 
tations for extra butter now 26 cents, 
making $5.20, less expressage, say -25 cents, 
$4.95, which will be equal to 99 cents a 
can now for the milk, and you can have 
the skim-milk sweet and fresh to feed 
your calves or pigs.” t. b. 
Edgemont, Pa. 
This firm states in their circular 
letter that they can pay for separator 
cream according to the actual butter fat 
test, which they explain as meaning 
that a 100-pound can of cream testing 
35 per cent butter fat would contain 35 
pounds of butter or a 100-pound can of 
20 per cent cream would contain 20 
pounds of butter, and they agree to pay 
New York quotations on creamery but¬ 
ter or (at present) 26 cents per pound 
for this butter fat. Now, a 100-pound 
can of 35 per cent cream will make 41 
pounds of butter instead of 35, which 
they are wiling to pay for according to 
their offer, and a 100-pound can of 20 
per cent cream will make 23)4 pounds 
of butter, because butter contains only 
about 85 per cent of butter fat; there¬ 
fore, on every can of 35 per cent cream 
you sell the dealer gains six pounds of 
butter at 26 cents a pound, which 
amounts to $1.56 a can, and he gains 
3)4 pounds of butter on every 100-pound 
can of 20 per cent cream, or 91 cents 
per can. The circular does not state that 
they will pay for the cream by the quart. 
It only states that they will pay for the 
butter fat it contains at the price of 
butter. Although you could, no doubt, 
use the skim-milk to good advantage 
for calves and pigs, you could hardly 
afford to sell cream at this rate, which 
figures only about two cents per quart 
for four per cent milk; as .you say you 
are receiving four cents per quart for 
your milk at present, you would be los¬ 
ing just half the selling price of your 
milk and gaining nothing but the skim- 
milk. Milk and cream should always 
be sold according to the butter fat they 
contain, but every dairyman should be 
equipped with a Babcock milk tester, so 
that he may know the exact quality of 
the products he is selling, and what he 
should receive for them. e. s. greene. 
Lameness in Mare. 
I have a mare that has n swelling on 
one of the hind legs (ankle). She is five 
years old and has had the swelling for 
3% years. When a year-old filly, she was 
hadly cut by barb wire, while kicking in 
play at horses on the other side of the 
fence, and having her foot caught by the 
wire, and dragging a considerable distance 
along it before she could loosen her leg. 
The wound caused by that did not heal for 
half a year, and after healing we first 
noticed the swelling on the other hind leg, 
which causes her to limp very badly, so 
much, in fact, that we cannot use her to 
drive or do any work at all. During the 
Winter, while kept in the stable, she did 
July 31, 
not limp so much, most of the time not 
at all, but she still had the swelling. Since 
the warm weather, we have her on pasture, 
and her limp is very much worse. Do you 
think it a ringbone? I also have a two- 
year-old filly that is getting the same kind 
of swelling on her ankle, but does not limp. 
She has had it for two or three months. 
Could you let me know if there is any help 
or cure for the mare and filly, and if so 
in what way? a. l . 
Kentucky. 
The common seat of ringbone is the 
pastern bone below the fetlock, and we 
are therefore unable to say if ringbone is 
present in this case; nor, indeed, is it 
possible to say just what is the cause of 
lameness. As the ankle joint (fetlock 
joint) is swollen and apparently the seat 
of the lameness it would be well to have 
it line-fired and blistered by an expert. 
In the case of the filly it would be best 
to clip off the hair and blister repeatedly 
with cerate of cantharides, if that treat¬ 
ment is recommended by the veterinarian 
called in to do the firing. Possibly he 
might prefer soothing applications. It is 
impossible to give confident advice on 
lameness cases wthout making an exami¬ 
nation. a. s. A. 
Swollen Joints. 
I have a colt about five weeks old which 
has apparent swelling on the front and 
outer sides of both knees, they have been 
there ever since the colt was born. On ex¬ 
amination they appear to have some 
sort of fluid under the skin, which moves 
around when pressed on; with the excep¬ 
tion of being a little stiff in the knees 
the colt otherwise seems all right. There 
is no veterinary within reasonable dis¬ 
tance. II. F- 
Michigan. 
If the enlargements are hot and sore 
they contain pus. and will have to be 
lanced for liberation of pus. Such ab¬ 
scesses come from infection of the navel 
at birth and this may be prevented by 
having the foal come in a clean place and 
then wotting its navel at birth, and 
afterward twice daily; with a 1-500 solu¬ 
tion of corrosive sublimate until no raw 
spot can be seen. If the enlargements are 
not hot or sore simply hand rub them 
thoroughly several times a day, and each 
other day rub in a little iodine ointment. 
a. s. A- 
857.1 5 lbs.,(equivalent to 1000 lbs. butter.) 
The Monthly Guernsey Bulletin and information regarding the breed free by addreuing 
GUERNSEY CLUB, Box R. Peterboro. N. H. 
We have just received our second importation of 
Pure Bred Percheron Mares 
and they are the finest we ever owned. Write us 
for description and prices. HIGHLAND VIEW 
STOCK FARM, O. N. Wilson, Proprietor, Kit¬ 
tanning, Pa. 
-YEARLING RAM, RAM LAMBS, EWES 
AND EWE LAMBS from Choice Im¬ 
ported Stock. FRED VAN VLEET, Lodi, N. Y. 
niipnpc the liJG deep fellows, 
UUnUvv that grow and mature quickly. 
Pigs ana Gilts for sale at all times. Address 
SHENANGO RIVER FARMS, Transfer, Pa. 
WAHLK PRODUCERS for New York City market 
desiring information how to form branches 
of the Dairymen’s League, write to the Secretary, 
ALBERT MANNING, Otisville, N. Y. 
LARGE ENGLISH YORKSHIRES.“fiL" 
istered Bull. A. A. BRADLEY, Frewsburg,“N. Y. 
LARGE BERKSHIRES at Highwood —In the last volume 
of the Am. Berkshire Record we recorded 158 Berkshires sold, 
which was 40 more than any other breeder in the U. S. This 
shows a growing demand for Berkshires of our breeding. Write 
for booklet. H. C. A II. B. HAKPKNDING, Dundee, N. Y. 
HAMPSHIRE SWINE 
PIGS —BOTH SEXES. 
CHAS. STEWART DAVISON. 
60 Wall Street, .... New York City 
THE WOODLAWN SHORT-HORN FARM 
OFFERS FOR SALE MILKING SHORT-HORNS 
We are at present offering for sale at reasonable prices a 
number of good young bulls from milking Short-Horn 
Cows. Rose of Sharon, Ruby’s Bright Eyes, Young Mary, 
Peerless, Nonpareil, anil other well known strains repre¬ 
sented. All these bulls are sired by Orange Sultan263622, 
son of the champion Whitehall Sultan 163673, and first 
prize two year old bull at Ohio State Fair in 1908. The 
bulls range from four to eight months old. 
For particulars and prices, address 
C. P. WEST A SOX, Box 86, Bloomingbiirg, O, 
Holstein-Frieslan Bull Calf For Sale. 
Sired by Royalton Johanna De Kol, No. 44696, by Sir 
Johanna Gerben De Kol, No. 40128. whose Grand dam was 
Netherland Bessie, No. 36997. with a record of 29 lbs. 
butter in 7 days, 105 lbs. in 30 days. 
Dam—Crown Princess I>e Kol Scluilling, No. 83800, 
Grand-daughter of Zora De Kol, No. 61616, an A. R. O. cow 
with a record of 82.5 lbs. milk in one day, 22.32 lbs. butter 
in 7 days, at 4 years of age. 
This calf was born Sept. 28. 1908, is nicely marked, largo 
and thrifty. Have others if this one does not suit. 
For prices address 
J. S. CLIFFTON, AlvorcUon, Ohio. 
BULL CALVES--YOUNG BULLS 
ready for service, that are of good size and individ- 
unlity. All ure-from officially tested <i;iinss, and are 
sired by Homestead Girl He Kill’s Sarcastic 
Lati. We have sixty daughters of this Bull that 
will he kept in the Herd ami officially tested. 
Write for description ami prices. 
WOODCREST FARM, 
Rifton, Ulster County, New York. 
The BLOOMINGDALE HERD OF 
HOLSTKIN-FRIESIANS 
are bred for large production. Good size, Strong 
Constitution, Best Individuality. 
If these are the kind you want write or come to 
see them. 125 to select from. Animals of both sexes 
and all ages to offer at prices that will please you. 
A special offer on some nicely tired Bui.I, Carves. 
A. A. CORTKLYOU, Somerville. N. J. 
A HIGH CLASS HOI.STKIN - FKIESIAN 
BULL CALF FOR SALK 
sired by Sir Sadie Cornucopia, 42152, whoso average 
A. R. O. hacking is 32.48 lbs. of butter in 7 days, 
which is the world’s record. Bull Calf horn April 
8 th, 1909: Dam. Maple Ridge Pietje, 98905, a grand 
young heifer with an A. R. O. record at 2 years of 
between 17 and 18 lbs. of butter in 7 days. The calf 
is large, thrifty, sound and right, beautifully 
marked anti will be sold for $100 if taken soon. 
Have others if he does not interest yon. For full 
information, address QUENTIN MCA DAM, Prop, 
BROTHERTOWN STOCK FARMS. UTICA, N. Y. 
—Combination and Golden Lad; for 
sale, 18 cotvs, 17 heifers, 12 hulls. 
S. E. NIVIN, Landenburg. Pa. 
REGISTERED JERSEYS 
Rich in the blood of Golden Lad P. S. 1242 H. C., 
Flying Fox P. S. 2729 II. C.. Courage P. S. 1813 II. C., 
The Owl P. S. 2195 II. C. Young Bulls and a few 
Heifers for sale Fair prices. 
M. S. HKI.TZHOOVER. 
Smmyside Park, Irvington, N. Y. 
JERSEYS. 
For sale, one high-bred Jersey Bull, old enough for 
service. Dam an Advanced Registry cow, testing 
402 lbs. fat in 329 days. Also, eight bred yearling 
Heifers and ton Heifer Calves. Satisfaction guar¬ 
anteed. Address E. W. MOSHER, ‘'Brightskle,” 
Aurora, N. Y. 
Laurel Farm Jerseys 
Fern’s Jubilee, No. 73852, at the head of 
the herd. Sire: Louisiana Purchase, No. 
68494. Dam: Fern of Florence, No. 161025. 
Test 330 lbs. of liutter in 120 days. 
J. GRANT MORSE. - Hamilton, N. Y. 
Ynil Han’t Affnrrl A Grade, when I can sell 
I Uu U a II l HIIUIU youareg. Jersey bull, best 
dairy stock, ready for service at farmer’s price. 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
Kalorama Farm 
Has a Splendid Crop of Young 
BERKSHIRE PIGS 
ready for shipment at reasonable prices. They 
were sired by imported hoars and are out of large, 
mature, prolific dams. Would be pleased to price 
them to you. 
CALVIN J. HUSOIM, Penn Yan, N.Y. 
FOR SALF- Cboice Yorkshire and 
■ v NLL Chester White Pigs, of both 
sexes. These pigs are from brood sows producing 
large litters, and from good herd boars. Also two 
selected Yorkshire boars ready for service and 
Yorkshire gilts old enough for breeding. 
W. H. MINER, Chazy, Clinton County, New York 
Large Berkshires 
Premier Longfellow .Lord Premier and Masterpiece 
breeding. Matings not akin. Catalog on applica¬ 
tion. WILLOUGiiUY FARM.Gettysburg,Pa. 
SPRINGBANK HERD OF BIG 
BERKSHIRES. 
BROOKSIDE BERKSHIRES 
Have a choice lot of young stock ready for ship¬ 
ment, sired by Hopeful Masterpiece the 2nd and 
also a grandson of Lord Premier, and out of 
Daughters of Lord Premier and Premier Long¬ 
fellow. Also have a few yearling sows sired by 
Hopeful Masterpiece the 2nd. 
J. F. O’HAliA, Moravia, New York. 
Am sold out of sows to farrow earlier than June 
10th. All stock registered and bred in fashionable 
lines. My hogs are the correct type of present day 
Berkshires, combining size, symmetry, grand feed¬ 
ing quality ami prolificacy, 'bend for booklet. 
J. K. WATSON, Proprietor, Marbledale, Conn. 
S COTCH COLLIES, Spayed Females, two to 
eight mos. Circ. SILAS DECKER, Montrose Pa. 
Registered diiiupsnires twes aiui Hams 
Inquire of H. B. COVERT, Lodi, N. Y. 
Pfll I 1C Dll DC — From Imported Stock,Actual drivers, 
uULLiL lUld $6, S8 and S10 each. No better in 
America. Pedigrees. Bkookside Fakm. Prospect, Ohio. 
Hammond’s 
Sold by Seedsmen and Merchants 
"Hammond’s Cattle Comfort” 
Trade Mark 
Keeps Cows, Horses or Mules free from Flies, 
Gnats and other pests. It is cheap and effective. 
For pamphlet on “ Bugs and Blights ” write to 
“Cattle Comfort’ ’ HAMMONDS SLUG SHOT, Fishkill on Hudson, N. Y. 
