1009. 
747 
CONTENTS 
The Rural New-Yorker, August 14, 1908. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Suggestions for Farmers’ Institutes. . 734 
Tlic Problem of the Cheap Lands.... 734 
Farming Old I.aud in Kentucky. 735 
Buying a Cheap Farm. 735 
Cost of Alfalfa Hay. 730 
Alfalfa in Central York. 736 
The Novelties. 736 
A Potato Bug Destroyer. 737 
Male and Female Potatoes. 738 
Hope Farm Notes. 739 
Crop Prospects. 741 
Hay in Northern New York. 741 
New Y’ork Farmers’ Institutes. 741 
I.ime Cement for Silo. 744 
Rape and Turnips for Corn. 740 
Sweet Clover for Green Manuring. 746 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Sheep and Tobacco Stems. 744 
The White Plymouth Rock. 744 
“Me for the Old Cow”. 745 
The Milk Situation. 745 
HORTICULTURE. 
Hybridizing Gladiolus. 736 
Care of Kevitt Strawberries. 730 
Summer Pruning for Young Trees.... 737 
The Actual Wonderberry. 738 
Oleander Poisoning . . .. 738 
WOMAN AND THE HOME. 
From Day to Day. 742 
Mrs. Spraker Talks. 742 
The Rural Patterns . 742 
Breakfast Food. 742 
Odds and Ends . 742 
Canning-Time Gossip . 743 
Three Fruit Cakes . 743 
Peppers Scalloped With Fish. 743 
Spiffed Red Peppers. 743 
Creole Rice . 743 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
The Interstate Commerce Commission.. 
733, 734 
Editorials. 740 
Events of the Week. 741 
To Tan a Snake Skin. 744 
Publisher’s Desk . 746 
Products, Prices and Trade. 747 
Humorous. 748 
MARKETS 
Prices current at New York during week ending 
August 6 , 1 '.HU! , wholesale except where other¬ 
wise indicated. The retail prices given do not, as 
a rule, cover either the highest or lowest sales, hut 
show what the hulk of consumers of moderate 
means pay for small quantities of produce bought 
in Fulton, Washington,. Jefferson Markets, etc., 
and np-town grocery stores. “Retail" is rather 
an indefinite word, but in this column it means 
less than barrel or other original package lots of 
fruits aud vegetables, less than tubs of butter, 
cases of eggs, etc. The trade of commission mer¬ 
chants is strictly wholesale. The retail prices 
given are those secured by grocers and small deal- 
ers who receive no direct shipments. 
BUTTER 
Wholesale 
Retail 
Creamery, fancy, lb. 
.. .20 (d) 
27 
.29® 
.32 
Good to Choice. 
... .24 @ 
.25 
27® 
.29 
Lower Grades . 
.23 
24® 
.25 
State Dairy, best. 
.. .24 @ 
.25 
.26® 
.28 
Common to Good.. 
.. .2(1 ® 
.22 
,23® 
.25 
Factory. 
... .16 ® 
.19 
.20® 
.22 
Backing Stock. 
... .16 ® 
.18 
MILK 
New York Exchange price $1.51 
per 
411-quart can, netting 2-tj cents to 
shippers in the 26-cent freight zone 
who have no additional station 
charges. 
CHEESE 
.qt. 
.07® 
.12 
Full Cream, best_ 
.. .13 @ 
.14 
.16® 
.18 
Common to Good.. 
.. .10 @ 
.12 
.15® 
.16 
Skims.. 
.as 
.10® 
.12 
EGGS 
Fancy White, doz.... 
.. .31 ® 
.33 
.32® 
.38 
White, good to choice. .25 ® 
.29 
.27® 
.31 
Mixed Colors, best . 
... .29 ® 
.30 
.30® 
.33 
Common to Good.. 
.. .18 @ 
.20 
.20® 
.22 
BEAN8 
Marrow, bn. 
2.75 
® 3.10 
qt. 
.15 
Medium. 
® 2.70 
Pea. 
@ 2.6 r > 
qt. 
.12 
lted Kidney. 
2.00 
® 2.50 
White Kidney. 
2.40 
@ 2.75 
qt. 
.15 
HOI’S 
Prime to Choice. 
.18 
@ .19 
Common to Good. 
.14 
@ .17 
DRIED FRUITS 
Apples, evap. fancy... 
.08*6® .09 
.14 
Evap., com. to good. 
.05 
® .08 
.08® 
.12 
Sun Dried. 
.04 
® .05 
Cherries. 
@ .14 
lb. 
.20® 
.25 
Raspberries. 
.20 
lb. 
.22® 
.24 
Huckleberries. 
.12 
® .13 
FRESH FRUITS 
Apples, new, bbl. 
1.00 
® 3.50 
Pears. Le Conte, bbl... 
2.00 
® 5.00 
Raspberries. Red, pt.. 
.05 
® .09 
Black Caps, pt. 
.05 
® .07 
Currants, qt. 
.07 
® .12 
Blackberries. 
.08 
® .12 
Huckleberries. 
.05 
® .10 
Plums. 8 lb bkt. 
.25 
® .30 
Grapes, N. <’., earner.. 
1.50 
® 2.00 
J’eaches, Ga,. crate.... 
1.25 
@ 2.50 
Jersey and Md.. bkc. 
.50 
® .90 
Watermelons, car.1 
I25.00r« 225.00 
Muskmelons, crate_ 
.50 
® 2.00 
VEGETABLES 
Potatoes. 
Southern, new. bbl.. 
1.00 
® 2 00 
Jersey, Del. and Md. 
1.75 
® 2.25 
Long Island. 
2.00 
® 2.25 
Cabbage, 100. 
® 6.00 
Cauliflowers, bbl. 
4.00 
® .1.00 
Corn, Jersey. 100. 
.75 
® 1.50 
Cucumbers, bu. 
.75 
® 1.00 
Lettuce, bbl. 
.25 
(<ti .5ti 
each 
,03@ 
.05 
Peas. *6 bbl. bkt. 
.50 
® .85 
Peppers, Jersey, bbl... 
1.25 
@ 2.00 
Rhubarb, 1U0 bunches. 
1.00 
® 1.25 
Radishes. 100 bunches. 
.50 
® .75 
bch. 
.a3 
String Beans, bu. 
.25 
® .50 
Spinach, bbl. 
.50 
@ 1.25 
Turnips, 
White, bbl. 
1.00 
@ 1.25 
Tomatoes, 
Del. and Md., box... 
.25 
® .60 
Jersey. 
.50 
® 1.25 
LIVE 
POULTRY 
Chickens, lb. 
.15 
@ .18 
Fowls . ... 
.15 
Roosters. 
.10 
Ducks. 
.14 
Geese. 
.10 
@ ,u 
DRESSED POULTRY 
Chickens, frozen, best. 
o*» 
® .23 
.24® 
.26 
Good to Choice. 
.18 
® .20 
23® 
.24 
Common Run. 
.12 
® .16 
.16® 
.18 
Fancy broilers, pair. 
.40 
(8) .oU 
Broilers,31 ii. to pr., lb 
i. .21 
® .25 
Fowls. 
.12 
® .16 
.15® 
.18 
Ducks, Spring. 
@ .17 
.18® 
.20 
Squabs, do/.. 
1.00 
® 3.50 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
LIVE STOCK 
Native Steers, 100 lbs.. 
4.50 
® H.75 
Bulls. 
® 3.90 
Cows. 
Calves, 
1.50 
® 3.50 
Prime Veal, 100 lb... 
6.00 
® 8.00 
Culls. . 
4.50 
® 5.00 
Sheep, 100 lbs. 
3.50 
@ 5.00 
Lambs. 
® 8.00 
Hogs. 
8.00 
® 8.40 
GRAIN 
Wheat, No. 1, North’n 
Duluth, bu. 
1.37 
No. 2. Red. 
1.13 
Corn, as to quality, bu. 
.74 
® .79 
Oats, as to weight, bu. 
.50 
(a) .55 
Rye. 
.75 
@ .82 
Barley. 
.70 
(Q -75 
HAY AND STRAW 
Quotations for large bales. 
Small bales sell 50 cents to $1.00 
per ton lees. 
Hay, No. 1, ton. 
19.0» 
®20.00 
No. 2. 
17.00 
® 18.00 
No. 3. 
16.00 
®16.00 
Clover Mixed. 
14.00 
®16.00 
Clover. . 
12.00 
®14.00 
Wild Hay. 
10.00 
®12.00 
Straw, Rye. 
16.00 
®17.00 
Oat and Wheat. 
8.00 
® 10.00 
BOSTON WHO RESALE MARKETS. 
Butter, Beet Creamery. 
. .26® 
•27*6 
Fair to Good.. 
. .25® 
.25*6 
Eggs, Fancy. 
. .29® 
.30 
Good to Choice 
218 
Lower Grades .. 
. .16® 
.20 
Peaches, Georgia. 
. 2.00® 
3.50 
Huckleberries. ... 
...... 
.. 
. .13® 
.15 
Currants. 
.. 
. .08® 
.09 
Muskmelons, crate ... 
... 
. .50® 2.00 
Lettuce, box. 
. 
. 
. .30® 
.50 
CLEVELAND, OHIO 
Butter, Prime Elgin... 
.27 
Lower Giades. 
.25 
Eggs. 
.25 
PRODUCTS, PRICES AND TRADE. 
Eggs —Top grades are one cent higher. 
There is a decided surplus of medium and 
low grades, and no possible buyer of these 
is allowed to escape if he offers more than 
18 cents. _ 
Butter. —Business is dull, and conditions 
can scarcely be called encouraging. Prices 
are so high that consumption is checked, 
and the quality of even the better grades 
of creamery is uneven, showing Summer 
defects. I recently tested butter that had 
been bought at retail for 36 cents per 
pound in a town less than 50 miles from 
New York. That is an outrageous price 
for good butter, but this was not good. It 
was not rancid but had one of those llavor 
defects which creamerymen find difficulty 
in avoiding when handling cream of all 
kinds in warm weather. This town is in 
a dairy section where farmers are ship¬ 
ping milk to the city at a net of about 
2Vj cents per quart, but the butter re¬ 
ferred to was made in the Central West. 
It is probable that every quart of milk now 
shipped from that section could be sold to 
better advantage locally in the form of 
good dairy butter, which many people pre¬ 
fer to creamery. In a country with rich 
pasture and plenty of spring water, it is 
not difficult to make choice dairy butter, 
if care and cleanliness are used in the 
work. I find here and there farmers who 
sell locally all the butter they can make, 
at a price exceeding extra creamery. These 
people are not situated more favorably 
than many others, but from the cow to 
the churn everything is kept clean. 
Fruits.—A good many small and poor 
apples are on hand, selling very low, some 
50 cents per bushel. These are largely 
drops caused by dry weather, and are 
worked up into cheap pies' and restaurant 
apple sauce, toned down in some cases 
with mashed potato and turnip. The 
choice hand-picked red apples offered have 
sold from $2 up to $3.50 per barrel. One 
fruit stand man paid $3 for a bushel of 
fairly choice Duchess of Oldenburg, which 
he was retailing at five cents apiece. The 
grower netted about $1 for this bushel of 
apples', so it will be seen that they in¬ 
creased in value nearly 500 per cent in 
the hands of the various dealers. Re¬ 
ceipts of peaches are not excessively large. 
The finest of Southern Elbertas are now 
offered at $2 to $2.50 per six-basket car¬ 
rier. These peaches retail at 50 to 60 
cents per basket holding about three 
quarts. A few nearby peaches are ar¬ 
riving, but they are mostly green and 
selling low. The berries received in the 
early part of the week were mostly soft 
and moldy. The highest priced musk- 
mclons at present are coming from Arizona 
and Nevada. A few have wholesaled at 
$4.50 per crate, about 10 cents each. 
Maryland and Delaware stock has sold 
well when fairly free from blight defects. 
Watermelon trade is dull, owing to the 
cool weather. There has been consider¬ 
able complaint of poor quality in the 
Georgia and Carolina watermelons. 
Quotations and Sales. —An inquirer 
asks what proportion of the farm produce 
disposed of at wholesale in New York is 
sold at the prices noted In market quota¬ 
tions. As a result of close observation 
for several years I judge that where the 
range of prices is narrow not more than 
30 per cent of sales fall within these 
prices. Where a wide range is given it 
may include 50 per cent of the sales. In 
getting up these lists of prices the aim is 
to give figures that will cover more sales 
than any other one list of prices. The 
matter would he comparatively easy in a 
town of say 25.000 or 30,000 inhabitants, 
with only a few wholesale houses. In 
that case a careful daily canvass of the 
trade would give a basis for a set of 
quotations that would represent three- 
fourths or more of the actual sales. But 
the conditions in a market surrounded by 
4,000,000 people, and itself the distributing 
center for many other towns are different. 
There is scarcely a morning that I could 
not get from four to six different prices 
on uniform standard grades of produce in 
the same hour and the same section of 
the city. Taking three hours and includ¬ 
ing all wholesale sections of the market 
15 or 20 different sets of actual prices 
could be bad. so that making wholesale 
country produce quotations in a market of 
this type is an attempt to put in figures a 
constantly varying trade current. In 
cases where an average of several sales 
seems to cover the matter best that is 
used. The maker of quotations is situated 
a little like the western organist who felt 
that personal safety required a conspicuous 
notice. “Don't shoot the organist, he’s do¬ 
ing the best he knows.” w. w. h. 
Col. Crawford, of Sharon Valley Stock 
Farm, Newark, O., arrived in New York 
recently from Europe. He has purchased 
a fine lot of horses, about 100 head in all 
which will arrive about the middle of 
August. He finds the demand for horses 
very great abroad, as well as in this coun¬ 
try. 
IMNPY-Cal. White Sage, extracted. Case, 120 
lbs. del’d in U.S.. $10.80. Particulars ami 
sample, 10 cents. R. M. SPENCER, Nordhoff, Cal. 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS-301) yearling hens 
for sale. Large, vigorous birds : heavy laying 
strain. A. K. McGraw, Hagerstown, Maryland. 
S OME good coon and fox dogs for sale; pedigreed: 
Birdsong and Walker strains. Sent on 10 days’ 
trial. K. F. JOHNSON. Assumption. Illinois. 
TO LARGE FRUIT AND PRODUCE GROWERS. 
Send for particulars about bow to make your own 
sales, Avoid tricky Commission Merchants, etc. 
Join a Shippers Organization who use Bonded 
Brokers and Commission Merchants. Our Credit 
Book shows the financial responsibility and busi¬ 
ness methods of firms who can buy your pro¬ 
ducts. 125,000 firms listed. 
This organization and its management is vouched 
for by the nest authorities. You are behind the times 
if yon don’t at least learn about it. Booklet free, 
PRODUCE REPORTER CO., - - 34 So. Clark St, Chicago. 
FREE DIRECTORY 
OF 400 RELIABLE PRODUCE MERCHANTS 
IN TWENTY-NINE MARKETS FURNISHED 
ON APPLICATION TO DEPARTMENT E, NATIONAL 
LEAGUE OF COMMISSION MERCHANTS. BUFFALO. N. Y. 
P LEASE send a trial shipment to the Oldest Com¬ 
mission House in New York. Est. 1838. Butter, 
Eggs. Poultry. Pork, Calves. Hay. Grain. Beans, 
Apples, etc. K. li. WOOUWAUll, 302 Greenwich St., N. Y, 
WHITE and BROWN Solicited. 
Prompt sales. Highest Prices. 
JOHN SCHOLL & BKO. 
147 Reade Street. New York. 
EGGS, POULTRY, MEATS, PRODUCE 
Shipments Solicited. JEUIFFE, WRIGHT A CO.. 
Commission Merchants, 284 Washington St. New York 
SILOS 
The inventors of the Modern 
Continuous Opening Silo, in this, 
their semi-centennial year, offer 
to the public the best and most 
economical silo on the market. 
Experience, antedating that of 
any other firm manufacturing 
these goods, has enabled us to F ¥ fUi1 | [lltHI 
produce the highest quality at a ii 
most reasonable price. ^5± f lf rV tlrgjS 
Send for our Silo Catalogue and 
tell us the size of the silo you want. 
We also make Silo Filling Machin¬ 
ery aud Manure Spreaders. 
HARDER MFC. COMPANY, 
Box I I, Cobleskilt, N. Y. 
ROSS 
I ■ With BLOWER and Traveling 
■ ® FEED TABLE 
SILO FILLING 
MACHINERY 
Made 
in 
to suit 
all wants 
from 5 to 
15 Horse 
Power Engine. 
Sold on their own merits. Pay 
for same after tried and satisfied. 
LARGEST CAPACITY AND STRONGEST BUILT 
Write for catalog. We have had 59 years 
experience and are the largest and oldest man¬ 
ufacturers of Ensilage Machinery in the world. 
THE E. W. ROSS CO., Box 13 Springfield, Ohio 
We s'ss make ROSS SILOS and MANURE SPREADERS. 
GEO. P. HAMMOND. EST. 1875. PRANK W. GODWIN 
GEO. P. HAMMOND & CO., 
Commission Merchants and Dealers in all kinds of 
COUNTRY PRODUCE, Apples, Peaches, Ber 
ries Butter, Eggs, Cheese, Poultry. Mushrooms 
and Hot-house Products a Specialty. Consignments 
solicited. 34 & 36 Little I iith St., New York- 
WE CAN HANDLE 
your Cherries, Currants, and all kinds of 
Fruits and Produce. 
Tell us what you will have. Write for booklet 
and market information. 
Myers, Weil & Co. ,670 BroadwayAv..Cleveland,O 
Highest prices guaranteed for White or Brown 
Leghorns or mixed eggs. Also high grade butter. 
Write us for information. A trial will convince you 
of our ability to obtain extreme prices. Address 
JOHNSTONE €j COUGHLAN, 
164 Duane Street : : New York 
W ANTED—TO BUY A SMALL FARM. 
JAMES PETEK, 44 Lowell Place, Buffalo, N.Y. 
THE MICHIGAN.INDIANA 
LAND COMPANY 
Are offering for sale from 40 to 65 of the nicest 
improved farm lands in the best section of the 
southern part of Michigan, in the following 
counties: Allegan, Barry, Montmorency and 
Kalkaska. Also, from 10 to 50 farms in the 
very best section of Indiana, located in Noble 
County, Whitley County and Elkhart County. 
Please write for description, maps, price and 
terms. Address 
MICHIGAN-INDIANA LAND COMPANY, LIGONIER, IND. 
MONEY-MAKING FARM 
1IORDERING BEAUTIFUL LAKE 
Sacrificed by crippled owner for immediate sale; 
56 acres. Keep 8 cows; 350 young apple trees.pears, 
plums, wood for fuel and timber; fine brick house 
of 8 rooms, barn 36x36, stable, corn barn, ice house, 
hen house and 3 camps on the lake shore which 
rent for $100 a season. Big money can lie made 
here selling ice, eggs, poultry, milk, butter, vege¬ 
tables, berries and firewood to campers, jetting 
boats and renting camps. Good cash markets 
throughout the year at nearby manufacturing 
towns. If taken immediately 6 acres growing corn, 
potatoes, beans, etc., etc., pair horses, 4 cows, pig, 
80 hens, cream separator, wagons and farming 
tools, with 5 boats all included for $2300; part cash. 
For full details and tiaveling instructions see page 
136 "Strout’s Farm Buyers’ Guide” No. 27. just out, 
copy free. E. A. STROUT, Dept. 1099, University 
Bldg., Syracuse, N. Y. 
D elaware Fruit, Grain and Truck Farms; delightful 
climate; best markets; the ideal farming country. 
Send for free catalog. McDaniel & McDaniel, Dover, Del. 
FOR SALF -acres - 9-room house, 3 barns, 
run unLL ice-house, hen-house. Two orchards. 
Price $2300. Terms $500 cash, long time on balance. 
HALL’S FARM AGENCY, Owego, N. Y. 
*rnnn For Best Suburban Fruit Farm in South 
OuUUU Forty acres. Grows largest, earliest, 
best tiavored Elbertas in United States. Address 
OWNER, Fruit Park Farm, Athens, Tex. 
FOR 
Q A I p- CELERY, LETTUCE 
and TOMATO LANDS 
in ten, twenty and forty acre tracts, in the heart of 
the fruit and vegetable section of Manatee Comity, 
Florida. For price and terms apply to 
JNO. W. JACKSON, Palmetto, Florida. 
A VQ WANTED 
^^^F | Also young men to distrib- 
#- - . .. 
U and rural districts, and send names and infor- 
mation. Easy work. Can be done out of school 
mrs. Good pay. State your age and give three 
ferences. Write at once. F. W. Clement, Mgr., 
ept. C , 87 Barclay Street, New York. 
l|r 11 IlfV * s composed of alert, reliable. 
NC NAVI efficient young men. They are 
ng well paid because they know their work. 
ien they enlisted, they were like the average uu- 
,ined boy If you think you need the military 
lining, practical instruction, regular hours, 
sreise and the chances the Navy offers to show 
s stuff that s in you, investigate this subject, if 
ii have worked at any trade, you can probably 
low it in the Navy, becoming more expert by a 
irse in a trade school: aud promoted as you 
serve it. Plenty of recreation and sports, and 
ire time; shore leave granted deserving men 
quently. The number of vacancies is limited; 
if accepted, you will begin with a picked lot of 
ung men. Applicants from 17 to 25 years old are 
listed for instruction in the Seaman Hranch: 
■ctrieity, clerical duty; Hospital Corps, etc. If 
a have a trade you may enlist if under 35. Act 
imptly; get booklets about daily work, cruises, 
y, promotion, and privileges, but taho time to 
isider fully before enlisting. Ask men in Navy 
w thev like it. Apply NAVY RECRUITING STATION. 
ST OFFICE BUILDING ^BUFFALO POST OFFICE BUILDING. 
SoroVcD no DACTAQI £ PI (lCli SVCAHIISF 
