1909 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
787 
EXPENSIVE HARD CIDER. 
It appears from an article in the 
“New Hampshire Farmer” that the 
Granite State is after the hard ciderers 
with a club. Two men were recently ar¬ 
rested in Merrimack County for selling 
cider at retail. According to the news¬ 
paper reports when the first one was 
asked to plead “the respondent aston¬ 
ished everybody by stepping up hastily 
to the desk and remarking with a good 
deal of celerity, ‘Make out your bill; 
I will settle right away. I want to get 
home at 12 o’clock. I have several 
stacks of hay I want to get in.’ ” He 
was told how to plead guilty, and was 
fined, with costs, $24.70, witW 10 days in 
jail—suspended. The other man made 
them prove it, as most Yankees do. 
Witnesses swore that they bought 10 
cents worth of cider. The defense was 
that the stuff sold was a “Summer 
drink” of vinegar, molasses and water, 
but he was found guilty and made to 
pay $22.40, with a sentence of 10 days. 
That is finite expensive cider. New 
Hampshire does a good thing to try to 
shut up the hard cider holes in the 
country. They are worse than beer sa¬ 
loons, and. breed no end of misery and 
sin. 
Trouble With Duchess Pears. 
If. W. L., Orleans Co., N. Y .—I have a 
block of 1,500 large, vigorous Duchess 
pear trees from 15 to 20 years old. They 
have been cultivated nearly every year, 
sprayed more or less. I have cut the 
tops back to one and two buds; pruning 
was done in the Winter, which resulted 
In a great wood growth, numerous sprouts 
and no fruit, except one tine crop in 1904. 
For the past two years I have done no 
Winter pruning. The trees blossom well; 
then its soon as the pears are formed they 
drop off. The orchard was thoroughly 
sprayed this Spring with Bordeaux just 
when the buds began to swell. The trees 
stand on a limestone soil, good natural 
drainage; no better land in western New 
York. A neighbor of mine has Duchess 
pear trees in about the same condition. 
We would like to find out, if possible, 
what is the matter and if anything can 
be done. 1 have authentic reports that in 
adjacent counties there is a full crop of 
Duchess pears, while Bartletts are a fail¬ 
ure. I am very unwilling to pull my trees 
up by the roots, but shall be compelled 
to do so unless 1 can find out what to do 
for them. 
A ns. —The Duchcsse d’Angouleme is 
one of the most fickle as to soil, prun¬ 
ing and cultural requirements, and 
these requirements seem to vary large¬ 
ly in different localities. During the 
past eight years I have had a good many 
of these orchards under observation, 
and several growers gave up in des¬ 
pair and pulled out their Duchess or¬ 
chards, but in other localities l have seen 
trees with no care except fertilizing 
and spraying produce large crops of ex¬ 
cellent fruit year after year, whereas 
the same man had an orchard of 1,000 
bearing trees about 15 to 18 years old 
from which he has yet been unable to 
get a profitable crop, and yet this man 
ranks among the most thorough and 
I'p-to-date growers of western (New 
York. Attempts have .been made to 
graft many of these orchards over to 
more profitable varieties, but with in¬ 
different success, although an orchard 
at hurt, Niagara County, N. Y., was 
grafted to Bartlett several years ago, 
and now gives promise of profit, in 
the other cases the grafting over was 
unsuccessful. 
1 can only point out some of the pos¬ 
sible causes of crop failure in this or¬ 
chard. Incomplete or inadequate polleni- 
zation of blossoms. This variety may 
be partially sterile when fertilized by 
its own pollen. Although given the 
right weather conditions at blossoming 
time, its pollen may be quite potent, 
(n a large block of Duchess blooming 
trees of other varieties scattered 
through the block might help. The 
most profitable and dependable bearing 
orchards of Duchess pears observed by 
me, have small ones in close proximity 
to blocks of other varieties, or if larger 
blocks have had other varieties scat¬ 
tered through the block. Pruning: 
one grower was sure that he ha a in¬ 
creased the production of his orchard 
removing all the sprouts or new 
growth of previous season in late Whi¬ 
te!, except one or two leaders upon 
each of the several main branches, 
these leaders were Summer-pruned 
oack to two or three buds in early 
July. This variety apparently sets best 
when heavily pruned. This I have no¬ 
ticed repeatedly when Duchess orchards 
were being grafted over to other varie¬ 
ties, one-half to two-thirds of the 
branches being removed and grafts in¬ 
serted, the remaining branches showing 
blossoms would invariably load down 
with an immense crop of fruit. Spray¬ 
ing: The Duchess pear is especially 
susceptible to the attacks of the pear 
scab fungus immediately after blos¬ 
som time, upon both fruit and foliage, 
and they should always be sprayed with 
Bordeaux, ‘before blossom time, im¬ 
mediately after blossom time and from 
two to three weeks later. This year 
I have noticed two orchards of this 
variety in which a good set of fruit was 
completely destroyed- by this trouble. 
This pear, well grown, is one of ithe 
finest grown in New York State, and 
makes an excellent box fruit, but as 
often grown and marketed is no better 
than Kicffer. 
Copperas Weed Killer; Machine Plowing. 
What strength solution of copperas 
would bo required to kill aH of tlio vege¬ 
table growth, such as weeds, prairie grass, 
wild pea vines, etc.? I have a piece of 
new prairie that is too soft for heavy 
work stock, such as would be required to 
turn this under, and wild pea vines are 
so thick that one cannot mow them very 
fast. They cling together so that they 
will not separate into a swath. While I 
would like very much to turn them under, 
there is plenty of humus in the soil with¬ 
out them. I shall also be* glad if any of 
your readers who have had experience in 
plowing with a cable will explain the 
method through your columns. Would one 
or two engines be needed? How are they 
moved up to> make the turn at the ends? 
Westwego, La. n. l. r. 
It is not likely that all the plants you 
mention will be killed by the solution. The 
North Dakota Station advises 100 pounds 
sulphate of iron dissolved in 52 gallons of 
water. This destroys most weeds when 
they are young and tender. You are in¬ 
deed fortunate if you have soil that does 
not need humus. The question about plow¬ 
ing cables is referred to readers. 
ROOFING 
Like Laying 
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Anybody 
can do it. 
At Wholesale 
Prices 
Freight 
Paid 
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get the SAMPLE that we 
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W E WANT to give you the benefit of our low, fac¬ 
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high duality of “Broese Bros. Rubber Roofing” you 
farmers—not one of you—would ever buy any other kind. 
Let us send you generous froe samples of this 1, 2 and 
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Order direct from price-list below, or give name and 
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BREESE BROS. CO., Rooling Depf. 11, Cincinnati, O. 
Prices (Freight paid on 100 pounds or more to points 
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South line Of Tenn. We pay that lar If you live beyond)- 
35-lb. Roll—108 Square Feet—1-ply.91.35 
45- “ " ** “ •• 2- . 1.85 
55-“ " “ " " 3- “. 2.25 
FIX YOUR ROOF 
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lUl UU JIUl 
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—We will guarantee to pul 
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INDRUROID 
ROOFING 
Requires no Coating or 
Paint. 
Acid and Alkali Proof. 
Elastic and Pliable Always. 
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Climatic Changes Do Not 
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Practically I-'ire Proof. 
Can Be Used on Steep or 
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Any Workman Can Put 
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No Odor. 
Will not Shrink or Crack. 
Light in Weight. 
Does not Taint Water. 
Writo for samples, prices 
and circulars. 
H. F. WATSON CO. 
ERIE, PA. 
Chicago, Boston. 
Mention R.N-Y. 
Use the Vegetable 
Scoop Fork—Don’t 
Waste Time With 
Other Tools 
Here is the most convenient and profit¬ 
able fork you can own. 
It is made with flat, blunt ends so that it 
bandies vegetables and fruits without bruising 
them. It handles corn without the points 
sticking into the cob. 
When it picks up a load it screens out all dirt 
or snow -think of this convenience especially 
in handling corn that has a fall of snow on 
top of it. 
The scoop shape of this Fork holds a largo 
load and carries it safely and easily. You can 
handle a large load with less labor and back¬ 
ache in the Vegetable Scoop Fork than you 
can a small load in a sjiovel, wooden scoop, 
wire scoop or any other fork made. The 
“hang" is responsible for this—the “hang” 
that balances the fork just right for its load, 
that makesitunnecessary foryouto stoop over 
as far as you wou'dwith other tools, that gives 
you just the right angle for shoveling under 
the load and the right leverage in lifting it. 
Besides its profitable use for handling vege¬ 
tables and fruits, you will find i t the most use¬ 
ful fork on your farm for dozens of purposes 
such ashandling lime and coal, gathering stone 
in the fields, cleaning up the barn yard, etc., etc. 
The True Temper 
Vegetable Scoop Fork 
comes in eight tine size for scooping into bar¬ 
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use; also in twelve tines for special work. 
It is highest quality throughout—a tool that 
will last a life time—one you can be proud of. 
It bears the True Temper trade mark—the 
sign of tested and approved quality, placed 
there by the largest makers of farm and gar¬ 
den hand tools in the world. 
If you don’t find the True Temper Vege¬ 
table Scoop Fork at any of your dealers, 
write us direct. 
American Fork & Hoe Co. 
Executive Offices, Dept. V, Cleveland, O. 
Our NEW 
And Enlarged 
CEMENT BOOK 
free to Every Farmer 
Tills new, enlarged, and com¬ 
pletely illustrated book, just issued 
In a new edition by The Atlas Port¬ 
land Cement Company, tells bow 
you can itse concrete to the best 
advantage In all your construction 
work; how you can save money, 
yet have better, safer and more 
permane nt bu Ildl ngs. 
“Concrete Construction About 
the Home and On the Farm ” 
is now used as an instruction book 
in many of the leading Agricultural 
Colleges. It contains hundreds of 
pictures (actual photographs) of 
buildings that farmers and others 
have built without the aid ofskilled 
labor. It is an improvement over 
all previous issues, as it describes 
and Illustrates all the new ways of 
using concrete. 
APPLE BARRELS 
— Car lots or less. 
ROUT. (ill.LIES, 
Medina, N. Y. 
YOU NEED GOOD BALE TIES 
to make nice baled liay. Prompt shipment of best 
quality at very low prices guaranteed. Hay Hooks, 
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) SEND YOUR 
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J. A. SPENCER, 
SPENCER 
HAY PRESS 
HENDRICKS HAY PRESSES 
You have seen them advertised for 
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802 Vino Streot •$> Ottumwa, Iowa 
ATLAS 
Portland Cement 
Makes tlie Best Concrete 
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The U. S. Government ordered 
4,500,000 barrels of ATLAS for 
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Send for the book now, and get 
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Ask your dealer for ATLAS. If 
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Daily output over 40,000 barrels— 
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NONE JUST AS GOOD 
Every Farmer Should Have His Own Thresher 
"Little Giant" Thresher runs with light power and xa ill clean all kinds of grain— 
mm 2 wheat, rye, oats, rice, tlax, barley, katlir corn and grass seeds, Attachments for 
threshing cow peas aud for "pulling ” peanuts. Made in three sues—for 3, 0 and 8 
U. P. Gasoline Kngine. Any power can be used. We also make Level-Tread Powers, 
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llEERNEK SONS* £2Hrou<lSt., LuiittduUs i’a. 
