>«>« 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
DESTROYING- W1REW0RMS. 
U. b\ M., -Rnektaiid, Uich >—How late in 
tli-.- Fall will cultivating the ground de¬ 
stroy rhe larvae of win-worms? 
Arcs.—The later in the Fall the culti¬ 
vation is continued the better will be the 
success in destroying the larvae of wire- 
worms and other ground-infesting pests. 
If it be continued until the soil is very 
cold the pests will be much less active 
in providing Winter retreats for them¬ 
selves, and, therefore, will be much more 
certainly killed In fact, it is important 
that the ground be stirred deeply just 
before the Winter freezing sets in. A 
good spring-tooth harrow and four- 
horse team would be good for this. If 
the cultivation be not late enough, the 
grubs or worms that are turned up 
toward the surface and exposed to the 
cooler temperature will have time to 
work down where it is warmer, and thus 
escape the destruction of freezing and 
defeat the very purpose of the cultiva¬ 
tion. Thus cultivation can stop too soon 
in the Fall, but cannot be continued too 
late, if the purpose is to destroy w're- 
worms, grub worms or other pests in the 
ground. Where a sod field is to be 
planted to corn or potatoes, Fall plowing 
and very late Fall cultivation, and also 
early Spring cultivation will be the best 
means of preventing future damage by 
these pests. [Prof.] h. a. surface. 
Pennsylvania. 
CONCRETE TILE FOR DRAINING. 
1 / A., Interlaken , A’. Y .—My land needs 
draining. Can concrete tiles be made good 
and cheaply by a farmer during Winter 
or stormy weather? Would you advise 
making them or buying tile from the deal¬ 
ers? I think for main drain I should need 
1,500 feet of six-inch tile and as much 
tin.-inch and two-and-one-half-inch. What 
would it cost per thousand to make six- 
inch concrete tile, and where can forms 
)>e bought? 
Arcs.—If one has plenty of good sand 
and a place to keep the tile from freez¬ 
ing while they are curing, I see no rea¬ 
son why he could not profitably do as 
suggested. I advise M. A. to write to 
the editor of the Cement Era, Chicago, 
for his book, “Cement Pipe and Tile.” 
In this is gathered from both the users 
of cement tile and manufacturers of 
cement tile machinery a vast amount of 
information and compiled in readable 
form. In this book he tells the best 
that is known of this most important 
material for engineering construction 
(cement), giving the names of firms en¬ 
gaged in the manufacture of machinery 
and the kind of machines for mixing 
concrete and moulding tile; curing 
rooms are described and illustrated; in 
fact the whole subject is treated from 
A to Z in so plain a manner that any¬ 
one may understand it. 
A farmer can, by making preparation 
in the Fall, such as preparing suitable 
room for the work and getting a sup¬ 
ply of sand drawn before the roads 
get bad, turn out quite an output of tile 
from his own labor, that will be as good 
as the machine-made ones, but whether 
or not it would be economy to do this 
instead of buying from dealers rests 
with the man and the special conditions 
confronting him. There are certain 
things connected with concrete tile and 
their manufacture that seems to point 
to cement as the coming material for 
tile to supplant burned clay. In the 
first place they can be made by un¬ 
skilled labor with a very small expense 
for equipment of plant, and the expense 
of transportation and breakage in tran¬ 
sit will be eliminated. The concrete 
tile hardens with age, while the reverse 
is true with under-burned clay, and the 
form of the concrete tile will remain 
as it is moulded, while those made of 
clay are apt to warp in the kilns if 
burned hard enough to be lasting. 
There is much more to recommend 
cement for this purpose, but it does 
not follow that it would be economy 
for farmers as a rule to manufacture 
their tile. As we look around us to 
note the men on farms who are "mak¬ 
ing good,” we usually find them buying 
their supplies, rather than taking up a 
side line in their manufacture. 
J. F. V. S. 
Colorado Potato Varieties.—W e 
have told how Colorado is spending 
$10,000 in the hope of obtaining good 
new potato varieties. Prof. Bennett 
tells us: 
I think we are going to produce con¬ 
siderable seed this year, as only yesterday 
1 found Early Ohios in the Held, which 
were developing quite a good many seeds. 
I think in general that our potatoes here 
produce more seed than in the East; that 
is, in some of the places here, but unfor¬ 
tunately the varieties from which I desire 
to secure seed do not produce seed. As a 
general statement, it seems that the more 
inferior varieties are the ones which pro¬ 
duce the seed. 
English Food Frauds. —English farm¬ 
ers have their share of trouble from 
the substitution frauds. In a num¬ 
ber of cases men disguise themselves 
as farmers and go about selling “fresh 
farm butter.” This stuff turns out to 
be “oleo,” of a low grade at that. One 
such rogue shipped a large package to 
a country town. Suspicion was 
aroused and the package was opened. 
It contained rolls and prints of oleo and 
a horse harness. The latter was to 
be used in peddling the stuff as “an 
honest farmer.” They caught this fel¬ 
low and fined him $25. A butcher was 
fined the same for selling American 
bacon and calling it Irish. Suit was 
brought against another butcher for 
selling American beef labeled “English.” 
It came out that the butchers describe 
as “English” the meat of cattle which 
are brought into the country alive and 
slaughtered there. 
Potatoes in Jersey. —A reader of the 
English “Mark l^ane Express’’ tells of a 
visit to the potato section on the Island 
of Jersey. lie says the rent paid for land 
is exceedingly high, one pieeb being hired 
for .$190 per acre for growing potatoes. 
The crop is planted close, probably one- 
third more plants to the acre being used 
than would he the case in England. The 
Jersey farmers use fertilizers heavily, and 
make their own mixtures, adapting them 
carefully to the needs of the soil. They 
don't change seeds frequently, having be¬ 
come convinced that the old seed gives ! 
them as large a crop and one that matures 
a week or two earlier than new seed. They 
have a simple way of saving tubers for 
seed. Those of good shape are picked from 
tlie best hills, and when the digging is 
done they are put on the ends of trays and 
these trays piled one upon another in a 
cool place until the next planting time. A 
variety known as International Kidney is 
mostly used. Spraying is followed to some 
extent, but, as is the case in other sec¬ 
tions, there are growers who want to do 
thoroughly 10 acres for the price which 
they ought to pay for five acres; then when 
the result is bad they claim the mixture 
and the method is to blame. Two other J 
varieties largely grown are British Queen 
and Up-to-date, and in spite of the high 
rent the farmers appear to be prosperous. 
Killing Woodchucks —I found it inad¬ 
visable to try poison or traps, as I might 
thereby kill my two valuable cats or my 
neighbor’s dogs. Shooting was out of the 
question, as I am not skilful with a gun. 
1 remembered how bisulphide of carbon had 
been used to kill prairie dogs. I didn’t have 
any of that chemical, but I had plenty of 
tetrachloride of carbon, which, though not 
so poisonous as the bisulphide, gives off a 
very heavy vapor and one that is not at all 
inflammable. I saturated some rags with 
it and poured four ounces down each of 
the holes that seemed newly opened, then 
I filled in stones and soil and pounded it 
firmly. The holes were never again opened. 
Two weeks later another woodchuck ar¬ 
rived, and I treated his dwelling in the 
same manner, and he remained out of sight. 
This was done in May, 1908; last May I 
found one burrow and I treated as in the 
previous year. I consider it a complete 
success. A friend of mine last June got 
rid of a large colony, using 13 pounds of 
the carbon tetrachloride under my instruc¬ 
tions. Seme of the work I did at 3 p. m., 
some at fi.30 p. m. I happened to find the 
woodchuck at home each time. Carbon 
tetrachloride is sometimes sold under the 
name Carbona at a high price. Applied 
with a spring-bottom oil can, it will kill 
black ants. The vapor smothers and freezes 
them. I have destroyed yellow jackets by 
spraying their nests with it. 
JOHN E. BANNAN. 
September 11, 
J. s. 
The Thing That Interests Dairymen Today 
is not which Company has made the most failures in its at¬ 
tempts to make successful Cream Separators, or which Company has 
abandoned or discarded the most inventions because (by its own 
admissions) of the inferiority of those inventions. 
The questions which interest dairymen arc : 
Which is the best Cream Separator 
in 1909 ? 
And which will continue to be the 
best Separator in 1910 ? 
The United States Separator holds the World’s Record 
for close skimming. 
Its record has not been equaled by any Cream Separator, although 
numerous attempts have been made to equal it. 
The United States has a solid one piece frame. No 
bolts, screws or rivets to work loose. 
Gearing enclosed m dust-proof case. Gearing runs in oil bath. 
Closest skimmer in the world. Simple and easy to clean. 
Light running. Longest life. 
The United States has the best point of all— perfect separa¬ 
tion —and also has more other good points than any other 
Separator. 
Selling Agents in every dairy section in the country, will grant a 
free trial 
Send for Catalogue No. 59. 
VERMONT FARM MACHINE COMPANY 
BELLOWS FALLS, VERMONT 
7%e Cd/c/we// Spec/a/ 
Gasof/ne Engine 
FREE 
TRIAL OFFER 
I will send any re¬ 
sponsible p e r s o n & 
Caldwell Special En¬ 
gine—on 30 days’ 
free trial. 
The 
Sensation of the 
Season —I will prove to you 
that the Caldwell Special Gasoline Ka¬ 
rine is mechanically correct, and is by 
far the best engine obtainable for the money. < 
Try my engine on your farm and if you are dis- s 
satisfied for any reason whatever, or learn of ail ' 
engine of equal value that can he purchased for less w ivmm 
. . . . . nioney, you will not be obligated for a single cent. I have lived 
in Waterloo »nd boon in business here for over twenty yesrs Write any of the eight banks of Waterloo 
catalog houseprofits' " ,<! B “ y fr0m me and you wU1 save the deale ”' and jobbers’ and 
What Will / Send You? 
A high grade, weU built, finely finished gasoline engine. A gasoline engine that I will gnarantee 
against defective material for five years. 1 will send you uu engine so simple 
17 Years On 
The Market 
that you will not have the least 
difficulty in starting and success¬ 
fully operating at all times. 1 
have satisfied and saved money for 
thousands of purchasers and 
know that I can satisfy you and 
can save you from $50.00 to $100.00 
on the price of your engine. I want 
you to compare my prices with the 
prices of other engine companies 
Write without fail for catalog and price list. 
CALDWELL-HALLOWELL MFC. COMPANY, 
J. D. Caldwell 
6ll Commercial St., Waterloo, Iowa. 
S50 TO S300 SAVED 
We are manufacturers, not merchants. Save dealers, 
jobbers and catalog bouse profit. I’ll save you from 
S50 toS?00 on my High Grade Standard Gasoline 
Engines from 2 to 22-H.-P.—Price direct to you 
lower than dealers or jobbers have to pay for 
similar engines in carload lots for spot cash. 
GALLOWA Y 
Price and quality speak for themselves 
and you are to be the sole judge. 
Sell your poorest horse and buy a 
B-H.-P. oniy $119.50 
Direct 
From 
My Fac¬ 
tory on 30 
Days' Free 
Trial. Satisfac¬ 
tion or money 
back. Write forspec- 
ial proposition. All 
you pay me is for raw 
material, labor and 
one small profit. Send for 
my big BOOK FREE. 
Wra. Galloway, Pres. 
Wm, Galloway Co. 
605Galloway Station 
Waterloo, Iowa 
APPLE BARRELS 
— Car lots or loss. 
ROUT. GII.LIES, 
Medina, N. Y. 
APPLE BARRELS AND PEAR KEGS 
ohp Stationary $ 29 £9 
O Engine ^ 
2Ho 8 H. P. Proportionate Prices. 
For use on the farm and in the shop. 
Rune cream Mpar&tors, ohurne, pump*, oorn bLhjI* 
lore, washing machines, printing presses, 
Burns kerosene, (coal oil,) aloohol, gasoline, 
tlllato, without change o f equipment, starts 
without oranking, throttling governor, drop 
f Jrged crank shaft, best grade babbitt bear- 
Ings, free catalog tells hovr to save half coat 
of hired help. Testimonials. 10,000 In use. 
A11 sizes ready to ship. 
DETROIT ENGINE WORKS 
14 # Bellevue Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 
Tell Me Your Roof Troubles 
« Let me tell you, FREE, how to cure 
for keeps, any roof trouble—tin, 
iron, steel, shingle, felt, gravel. 
Write now for Free Book on Roofs 
and ROOF-FlX, the great, guaran¬ 
teed cure for roof troubles. 
ANDERSON—“The Roof-Fix Man” 
C. I). HOST WICK, Ithaca, New York. 
Department 35, 
Elyria, Ohio 
CLARKS. 
CUTAWAY 
.TOOLS m 
DOUBLE ACTION “CUTAWAY” HARROW 
WITH EXTENSION HEAD. Is made especially for Orchard 
work. If will increase youi crops 2.5 to50 per cent. This machine 
will cut from 28 to 30 acres, or will double-cut 15 acres in a day. K 
is drawn by two medium horses. It will move 15,000 tons of earth 
one foot in a day, and can be set to move the earth but little, or at. 
so great an angle as to move all the earth one foot. Runs true in line 
of draft and keeps the surface true. » g BIG 
All other disk harrows have to run 1 8 CROPS 
^ in half lap. 
The Jointed Pole Takes All the Weight Off the Horses’ Necks, 
and keeps their heels away from the disks. 
ffe make 120 .lie. and ntyle* of Illuk Ilurrowa. 
Every machine fully warranted. 
Send for MIFF, booklet with toll pnetieulnr,. 
CUTAWAY HARROW COMPANY, 
839 Main., St.. HIGGANUM, CONN. 
