100$). 
THK RUKAL NKW-YORKER 
t-virs 
A CEMENT FLOORED COW STABLE. 
I inn building n cow Htnblo 18x50 feet. 
I expect to put In n cement floor. An I 
have not bail any experience In cement 
building. I would like advice on tliix sub¬ 
ject. The underpinning will be laid of 
Held stone with rocks In bottom of ditch, 
with smaller stone laid In cement below 
the surface of the ground. This wall will 
lie about t Mi foot high, sills 7x7, oak. I 
expect to fill up Inside with small stones 
ns a foundation for floor. Will this be Arm 
enough to make a good floor? The top 
soli has been scraped o(T for years, as II 
Is a very old barnyard where I am build¬ 
ing Ibis stable. I shall use Portland ce¬ 
ment. Will It. be necessary to wash creek 
gravel to fill In on stone? I have the 
Hoard stall In mind. If I use this stall 
I shall bed pine plank In cement for cat¬ 
tle to stand on. Will It b© necessary to 
have sills under these planks? How near 
top of sills slionbl the floor lie when com¬ 
pleted? Next comes ventilation; the sta¬ 
ble Is lo be built on east side of barn, 
which Is 30 feet wide, with 20 feet extend¬ 
ing south; double roof, height of stable to 
overhead floor nine feet. I purpose to put 
In h lx windows on east aide, three on south 
end, two on wesl side, one on north end, 
12 In all; the size of windows to he 0x12, 
12 lights, or two sashes', six panes to sash; 
stable lo be sided with novelty siding with 
a good quality building paper nailed to 
studs before sldlug; celled with one Inch 
pine matched, with matched pine floor 
overhead. Can I ventilate from these win¬ 
dows, or would you advise the King sys¬ 
tem? W. H. i*. 
New York. 
The foundation you describe will lie 
first class, and it will not be necessary 
to use the creek gravel. I will describe 
the way 1 fixed one of my own stables 
two years ago, and as it has given per¬ 
fect satisfaction, 1 can recommend the 
same. With the Portland cement we 
used seven parts of sharp, clean sand; 
this wc ran into llic stone on ihc bot¬ 
tom, making tbc first rather thin, then 
a little stiffer, until wc had about four 
inches. Over this wc spread a coat of 
tar pitch, costing 20 cents a gallon. On 
ibis we laid a heavy three-ply tar paper, 
and spread another coat of the pitch on 
the top of it. On this wc laid three 
inches of cement, one to five, giving an 
inch slant from the manger to the gut¬ 
ter. We smoothed the surface willi a 
board, instead of a trowel, which left 
it slightly rough, to prevent slipping, 
and better to bold the bedding. Boards 
•el behind the stalls made the form for 
the gutters. These are 14 inches wide, 
eight inches deep next to the cows and 
six toward the passage-way. They will 
l lien bold material for absorbents, with 
a day’s manure, without soiling the cat¬ 
tle, and being two inches lower on the 
back side, arc much easier to clean. 
The mangers are made of the cement 
one to six. The form is made ot 
gravel tamped hard, and the cement 
placed on top. The only object of the 
boards on top is to prevent slipping, 
and so that the floor will not be cold. 
They increase the expense, will very 
soon get foul underneath, and if laid 
in the cement, as you suggest, will soon 
decay from dry rot. The paper docs 
away with all this. It acts as a non¬ 
conductor, preventing the dampness 
from coming up from below, and will 
retain the warmth from the cattle. 
Even in mid-Winter when one goes in¬ 
to the stable and places bis hand on 
the. Iloor where the cows have laid or 
stood il is always warm, warmer than 
any board floor 1 ever saw, for it re¬ 
tains the beat. 
The “Hoard” stall is excellent, one 
of 1 lie best; yet if you will take the 
advice of one who has used one of the 
most comfortable of the modern stalls, 
and has been in scores of the best 
stables in the. country, and seen all sorts 
and kinds of fastenings, you will put in 
a swing stanchion, one that is fastened 
with a couple of links at top and bot¬ 
tom, which gives the cattle freedom in 
getting up and down. They can lie 
with their heads at their sides, can lick 
themselves; they are inexpensive, sani¬ 
tary, do not get out of order, and show 
the cattle, and arc convenient. If you 
will graduate your platform, making it 
from, say, four feet six inches for the 
larger cows to four feet, or less, if need 
be, fbr the heifers or young stock, they 
will then all be close to the gutter, and 
the difficulty with the ordinary stanch¬ 
ion fastened eow getting dirty is done 
away with. There is no better system of 
ventilation than the King, if it works; 
sometimes it does not, probably through 
no fault of the system, but the construc¬ 
tion. Should you happen lo construct 
so that it was not right, you will have 
spent your substance for naught, and 
as you do not want to go to any un¬ 
necessary expense, I advise you to use 
the windows for ventilation. TTang them 
on a binge at the bottom, so that they 
can be opened by swinging in at the 
top; this will make no draught on the 
cattle, and by opening or shutting much 
or little and on the side of the pre¬ 
vailing wind you will have a better ven¬ 
tilation Ilian is found in most stables. 
Or you can put in muslin curtains, in¬ 
stead of all glass, as in a henhouse, and 
you will have a better system than half 
of those with the “King system.” I 
Iricd it last Winter; it worked well, 
and I could not discover that il was 
ai\y colder. Howard van ai.styne. 
LEGAL MATTERS. 
Shipper’s Right in Goods. 
Dry's shipper t'cliiiqulKli his equity 111 
goods shipped to n commission house or 
c«n goods shipped to n commission house 
or inerchanl Is; considered one of the com¬ 
mission man's assets? \y. vv. D. 
New York. 
The commission merchant Is (he agent 
of the' shipper and Is entitled only to his 
fee for the snle. The goods belong to 
the shipper till they are sold, and may he 
reclaimed hy shipper on payment of the 
coin mission due. According to usage, if the 
merchant sells the goods on credit he war¬ 
rants the payment and must settle In foil. 
The shipper is liable for any loss or theft. 
The merchant must follow Instructions, and 
cannot sell below the price mentioned. The 
merchant may lie Imprisoned for conversion 
if lie falls to settle with the shipper.—20 
N. Y. Sap. 58. 
Sheep Fencing. 
We own sheep, and a neighbor refuses 
to build line fence to keep sheep. What Is 
Die law In regard to this in New York 
State? j. L . P . 
New York. 
The laws or 1000 sn.v: “Bach owner shall 
make and maintain a Just and equitable 
portion of the division fence between tlielr 
lands." If disputes arise concerning I he 
liability of either party to make or main¬ 
tain an division fence such disputes shall 
lie settled hy any two or the fence view¬ 
ers." We advise you lo consult the town 
clerk to learn IT your (own has established 
a legal fence for Hie town. IT II has nol 
you should call In the fence viewers, who 
have power (o Inquire into all the facts and 
require as to who shall make the Improve¬ 
ments. The .Slate law does not define a 
legal fence, but leaves il to the town au¬ 
thorities to decide and to the fence view¬ 
ers to apportion the cost. 
Restricted Property. 
Some time ago l purchased a small 
farm and at the lime of purchase I had 
a search made <>r the title to the place, 
hut: the attorney did not go-hack more 
than 20 to 25 years. In the meantime I 
erected a small barn, which Is located 
nltoul 250 feet directly In front of my 
neighbor’s house, right on the dividing line 
between the two properties. lie objected 
to the barn very seriously, and claims 
(hat on account of a restriction on the 
property 1 have no rigid lo erect a 
barn. A copy of the restriction which was 
placed on the original tract of which my 
present farm is a part, follows: “('ovenan, 
on the part oT the grantee that neither he 
nor Ids heirs or assigns shall or will at 
any time hereafter erect any building with 
in df) feet of the front of said lot except of 
brick or stone with n roof of slale or metal 
and will not erect or permit upon any part 
of the said lot. any slaughter house, smith 
shop, forge, furnace, steam engine, brass 
foundry, nail or other Iron factory, or any 
manufactory of gunpowder, glue, varnish, 
vitriol, Ink. or turpentine or for the tan¬ 
ning, dressing or preparing skins, hides or 
leather, nr any brewery, distillery or any 
other noxious or dangerous trade or eali- 
ing.” II seems that (Ids restriction was 
not mentioned in the subsequent dissls 
and it was placed on this original tract In 
1855. My neighbor's attorney claims this 
restriction still holds good and applies lo 
all subsequent deeds. I do not wish to get 
inlo a lawsuit if I nm not rigid, and he 
Insists that I iimsl remove Ihe barn. 
Now York. j. n. n- 
All reasonable rest riel Ions as to the use 
of the property are binding upon the pur¬ 
chaser and all nuhcqiicnt grantees. The 
courts permit an owner to forldd that his 
property shall ever he used for purposes 
which will Injure II as a residence. These 
rest fictions tend to keep up the tone of the 
street. In ease of violation any of the 
neighbors may enjoin an owner from build¬ 
ing In violation of the restrictions. These 
restrictions maintain Ihe character of the 
locality,* as they arc apt to be in all the 
deeds In certain territory. 
License for Selling Milk. 
fan local authorities compel a man to 
lake out and pay a licence to sell milk 
that lie produces’ on Ills own farm, when 
all his requirements are In accord with the 
law? p, o. b. 
New York. 
"The governing board of a municipal cor¬ 
poration shall not regulate or prohibit the 
padding of farm produce If the produce is 
peddled hy the party who grew It. And the 
oily cannot license lids business." Consoli 
dated Laws of 100!). This protects the 
grower and Ills servants in (he sale of Ills 
own crops. In the case of milk, we think 
Hint Hie hoard of health may require all 
dealers to comply with rensonnhle precau¬ 
tions. lail they cannot discriminate against 
a dealer residing without Ihe city nor make 
arbitrary provisions. The city may require 
a license from non residents who peddle 
merchandise in the city. 
Line Fence. 
My Joint line with Mr. B. was divided 
and agreed upon by our ancestors. 1 and 
my grantors have always built and main¬ 
tained Ihe north half. Mr. B. and his 
grantors' have always built and maintained 
Ihe snath half. Mr. B. died and the estate 
Is sold to (\ Mr. <\ takes my fence, tears 
It (Jown and carries il olT, and says he Is 
not hound by the division formerly made 
and maintained for 75 years. Has he the 
right to take my end of the fence, and 
compel me to take the other end? <’nn lie 
compel a new division. m. a. 
Our highest court says (25 N. Y. 237) : 
"There Is no doubt but that the apportion¬ 
ment of the fence hy agreement would he 
binding upon them while (heir respective 
possessions continued to he conterminous." 
thnt Is until one of the farms Is broken up 
Into smaller ones. Here each farm re 
mnlned Ihe same. Your neighbor Is guilty 
of trespass and must replace the fence or 
answer In damages. Had he called In the 
fence viewers to decide he would he on 
safer irrmind, hut even then the fence view 
have no right l<> dislurb a settled 
division. 
REASONS FOR BUYING A 
De 
aval 
CREAM 
SEPARATOR 
Every owner of a milch cow and every user of other than 
an Improved De Laval Cream Separator is interested in the 
reasons why all the big and long experienced users of separators 
anti all the Experiment Station anti other competent authorities 
endorse Do Laval separators and the groat majority of all buyers 
purchase them. 
Do Laval separators save enough over any gravity 
creaming of milk, in butter-fat, quality of cream, sweet skim- 
milk, labor, time and trouble It) pay for themselves every six 
months. 
De Laval separators save enough over other separators, in 
closer separation, running heavier and smoother cream, skim¬ 
ming cool milk, greater capacity, easier cleaning, easier running 
and loss repairs, to pay for themselves every year. 
Improved De Laval separators save enough over De Laval 
machines of live, ten, fifteen and twenty years ago, in more 
absolutely thorough separation under all conditions, greater 
capacity, easier running, and all around betterment to pay for 
themselves every two years. 
De Laval Separators are made in every size, for from one 
COW to one thousand, at proportionate prices. Made to run by 
hand, steam turbine or any ot her kind of power. Made with 
the world’s best knowlenge of cream separator construction, 
with thirty-one years of experience in the building of more than 
a million machines, and under the protection of important 
patents preventing use by others. 
De Laval separators are not only superior to all others in 
every way but actually cheapest in proportion to actual capa 
city, and they last for twenty years, while the average life of 
inferior machines is from six months to live years, according to 
the grade. They are sold for cash or on such liberal terms as to 
actually pay for themselves. 
These are all facts, capable of proof and demonstration to 
anyone, who needs but to seek the nearest De Laval agent or 
communicate with the Company directly, and is urgently invited 
to do so. _ 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO. 
43 1C. Maihiioh i-tiekkt 
CHICAGO 
HI 3 A 1211. KlI.lIKRT Ht. 
PHILADELPHIA 
IMUJNM Jr HAUUAMKNTd STi. 
SAN FRANCISCO 
General Offices: 
105 BROADWAY, 
NEW YORK. 
173-117 William Htrkict 
MONTREAL 
14 A lrt I'niNOKHM MtiusMT 
WINNIPEG 
1010 WkHTWIH AVKNtTK 
SEATTLE 
