moo. 
TI-I fcC IX U K A. L, 
DEVELOPMENT' OF WESTERN CANADA 
Perhaps at no time has any new coun¬ 
try been settled as rapidly as Western 
Canada is being settled at the present 
time. Every train that comes into Win¬ 
nipeg and other important cities of 
Western Canada, is bringing in immi¬ 
grants—most of whom arc looking for 
land. The train on which the writer re¬ 
cently rode from Winnipeg to Moose 
Jaw had three immigrant cars, every one 
of which was well filled with homestead¬ 
ers. Americans, from the United States 
and Eastern Canada, form a larger pro¬ 
portion of the settlers than do any other 
people. There are many English, Scotch, 
Scandinavians, Swiss, 'Germans, Rus¬ 
sians, and other European nationalties. 
Most of the homesteaders are hardwork¬ 
ing farmers. These people, coming in 
as they do from the agricultural sec¬ 
tions of the United States, Eastern Can¬ 
ada, and Northern Europe, impress one 
as being most excellent timber for fu¬ 
ture citizens. Most of the settlers com¬ 
ing into Western Canada stop cast of 
the Rocky Mountains, somewhere within 
two or three hundred miles north of the 
United States boundary line, in southern 
Alberta or Saskatchewan. There i> a 
considerable diversity in the topography 
and general appearance of this area. 
Southern Alberta is a rolling country, 
much of it being rather too dry for the 
growth of trees, yet supporting a fairly 
time, the only crops of importance 
grown in Alberta and Saskatchewan are 
wheat, oats, barley, flax, and a small 
amount of speltz. Some hay is cut, but 
this is nearly all native prairie hay. 
Stock is kept most of the year on the 
open range. As the country grows older, 
stock will be kept on the farms. In some 
sections there is already some tendency 
for a more diversified type of agriculture 
to replace the production of grain alone, 
i he picture at Fig. 510, shows what is 
called a good sod barn in south central 
Alberta. m. w. evans. 
EVOLUTION OF THE THUNDERBERRY. 
I am a plant wizard. A plant wizard 
is a fellow who introduces unrelated 
plants to each other with a view to mat¬ 
rimony and then gets some other fellow 
to blow his horn. I began monkeying 
with plants in 1898, when 1 first came 
to Florida and saw the saw palmetto. 
I saw that great possibilities could be ac¬ 
complished in improving the saw pal¬ 
metto berry and 1 promptly tackled the 
job. The berry is about as large as a 
Damson plum, black, very prolific and 
has a flavor unlike any other berry on 
earth. The berry is relished by a few 
people, but most folks have to acquire 
a taste for it, and the taste has to be 
acquired by main strength, same as for 
whisky, quinine and olives. It is used in 
some patent medicines, hut 1 never 
heard what it will cure, and don’t know 
that it will cure anything. To give it 
more stamina and pungency I decided 
first to cross it with the Northern pep- 
peridge tree, but my friend to whom T 
sent for pollen sent pollen from the 
iron-wood tree hv mistake. The result 
was amazing. 1 had a plant on which 
A SOD BARN IN WERTERN CANADA. Fig, 510. 
good growth of prairie grasses; portions 
of this grazing land have made fairly 
good wheat land. Farther north and 
west, there is more rainfall. Near the 
mountains, a large proportion of the 
country is covered with poplar, willow, 
and sometimes with spruce. Eastward 
from the Rockies, in central and north¬ 
ern Alberta, the poplar and willow are 
in small groves dotted over the rolling 
prairies. Wherever brush or timber is 
found, the soil is usually good. There 
are large areas of rich soil for hundreds 
of miles north of where agriculture is 
now carried on. Climate is the limiting 
factor in the development of western 
Canada. 
The accompanying table gives statis¬ 
tics of the total area in crops in differ¬ 
ent years since 1898, in the province of 
Saskatchewan. This will give an idea of 
the rapid development of the country. 
Total area in crop. 
Year. Acres. 
isns. 550.990 
1901. 004.471 
1904. 1.299..T20 
1900. 2.500.817 
1908. 5.970.841 
Tn western Canada, a road allowance 
four rods wide is reserved at intervals 
of one mile apart for the north and 
south roads, and two miles apart for the 
east and west roads. Mr. L. T. McDon¬ 
ald, of Regina, Saskatchewan, is respon¬ 
sible for the statement that, although 
nearly 0,000,000 acres were seeded in 
1908, that acreage is considerably less 
than the area set apart in the province 
for road allowances. Tt should be stated 
here, however, that the northern part of 
the province will probably lie undevel¬ 
oped for a long time yet, because of the 
rigorous climate. Up to the present 
the leaf stalks were perfect saws; hand 
saws, buck saws, rip saws, and key¬ 
hole saws. I he berries were like iron 
bullets—just the thing to bring down 
any editor who felt inclined to throw 
cold water on this wonderful plant cre¬ 
ation. To render the berry more succu¬ 
lent I crossed the saw palmetto in rapid 
succession with the huckleberry, winter- 
green berry, elderberry, and poke berry. 
But the large pit or seed still remained. 
To eliminate this and produce a seedless 
berry was the next problem. Tt is well- 
known that the seed pods of certain 
plants burst when ripe and scatter the 
seeds in all directions. To assist my 
wonderful hybrid berry to do the same 
thing 1 bored a small hole in the body 
of the plant and put in a thimbleful of 
nitro-glycerine and plugged the hole. 
This nitro-glycerine was absorbed into 
the circulation of the plant, and a small 
quantity deposited at the base or butt, 
end of each seed. This was acted upon 
by the sun, moon and stars, and just be¬ 
fore the berry ripened it exploded with 
a loud report, hence the name Thunder- 
berry, and with force sufficient to knock 
a small boy down, but not to kill him. 
This has a tendency to discourage pil¬ 
fering. After popping its pit the Thun 
derberry immediately closes up, and in a 
few weeks the cavity is filled with a 
most delicious and exhilarating bever¬ 
age which will be a boon of inestimable 
value to the thirsty inhabitants of the 
dry states, North and South. Mr. John 
Tight Younger has kindly consented to 
introduce this astonishing berry to the 
world, but this will not be done tin 1912, 
so as to utilize the vast amount of wind 
and hot air that usually goes to waste 
Presidential years. Merely to mention 
the name of John Tight Younger will 
cause the dear public to separate them¬ 
selves from their money without a mur¬ 
mur. OLD THUNDERATION. 
NEW-VORKER 
©L><5 
Time tells the tale! 
Measure the cost of ready roofing by what 
it will do all the way through. 
Genasco 
Ready Roofing 
costs a little more in the beginning than ordinary 
roofing because it is made of genuine Trinidad 
Lake asphalt; but that gives it life to resist sun, 
air, heat, cold, rain, and fire. You are sure Gen¬ 
asco will last—you know what it’s made of; and 
you know it is cheapest in the end. 
Insist on Genasco—the roofing with a thirty-two-million-dollar guarantee. 
Gives absolute protection to every building on the farm. Mineral and smooth 
surface. Look for the trade-mark on every roll. Write for Good Roof Guide 
Book and samples. 
THE BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY 
Largest producers of asphalt and largest 
manufacturers of ready roofing in the world. 
PHILADELPHIA 
New York San Francisco Chicago 
Name over the farmers you know 
that own good gasoline engines. 
Aren’t they the prosperous (progressive) 
men in your neighborhood? Aren’t they the 
men who are making a success of farming? 
Haven’t they good bank accounts? Don’t you 
think they are able to point the way to success ? 
The Waterloo Boy G engine E 
is the Best of All Good Engines 
Ask any of your neighbors who own one Find out If we tell what Is so 
when we say that the Waterloo Boy will do more work than two hired hands; 
that It will save you time, labor and money every day: that It will make 
enough money for you to pay for Itself In a year: that It Is the most durable, 
economical, otliclent engine made, and the simplest to operate. 
Why don’t you follow the way these other men have taken and enjoy the 
same measure of prosperity ? 
We will send you a Waterloo 
Boy for a real 30-day free trial 
on your farm doing your own 
work. We will glvo you a 5-year 
guarantee. We let you be the 
sole Judge of whether ot not It will 
pay you to keep It. If you think 
not, send It back. We will pay 
the freight both ways and re- 
■-#/ turn your money. 
Write today for our catalogue 
and free trial request blank. 
Waterloo Gasoline Engine Co. 
184 W. Third Ave. Waterloo, Iowa 
Louden way 
^1 
an V 
non ■ 
One man with a Louden Litter Carrier 
on Louden overhead stoel track system can 
clean tho barns in half the tiino that two men 
would take without it. TUat’a Louden econ¬ 
omy. On every up-to-date farm— your farm 
—tho Louden Litter Carrier and steel track 
system will earn its cost many times a year. 
Track can bo braekoted to barn wall—out ono door 
— in at other, and lu this way no switch Is needed. 
Manure loaded direct on wagon or spreador—its 
full fertilizing value thus suvod. 
Louden Litter Carriers 
are made of heavy galvanized Bteel—wear for years; 
have improved worm gear— I pound on ohaln lilts 40 
pounds In boa : box stands at any elevation — raised 
or lowered any distance up to 25 feat; have many 
apodal advantages not found in other makes. 
Send today for vuluahlo Iroo book on manure usos. 
and catalog of bay and litter carriers, sanitary stool 
Stulls, cow stanchions, etc., for modern burns. 
Louden Machinery Co., 
601 Broadway, Fairfield. Iowa 
HOMESEEKERS 
FLORIDA WANTS HOMESEEKERS AND HAS GREAT 
INDUCEMENTS TO OFFER. 
In the Land of Manatee (west coast) you can grow bigger 
crops at less expense than elsewhere. Fruits and vegetables grow 
like magic in the rich soil. A ten acre farm can be bought very 
reasonably, and will net more than a hundred acres in any 
Northern State. Fruit Crops net $500 to $2,500 per acre. 
Vegetables $1,000. 
Write for our booklet, written by a western man, containing 
full information and homeseeker’s rates. 
J. W. WHITE, Gen’l Industrial Agent, 
Seaboard Air Line, NORFOLK, VA. 
