©44 
THE KXJKAb NEW-YORKER 
October 30. 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of tho writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answered in onr advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
STRAWBERRIES FOR UPPER HUDSON. 
M. II. 8., Kinderhook, A. Y .—What va¬ 
rieties of strawberries do you recommend 
for this locality, and for homo use only, 
flavor, healthfulness, freedom and length 
of liearing the main considerations, and 
market qualities to be disregarded? What 
soil and location are preferable? is it too 
late 1o plant, now? Ilow many plants 
should be set out for a family of eight to 
ten persons? What method of culture do 
you recommend? 
Ans. —Michel's Early, Senator Dun¬ 
lap, Wm. Belt, Marshall, Brandywine, 
Gandy and Hunn. Michel’s Early is 
the best extra early we have found for 
home use, and would be followed by 
Senator Dunlap, which has a long bear¬ 
ing season. Wm. Belt and Marshall 
would ripen next, followed by Gandy, 
and last of all Hunn. These varieties 
under good culture and conditions 
should give you berries for six weeks. 
Wm. Belt, besides being one of the 
best table berries, and productive, is 
grown largely in a commercial way in 
the Hudson Valley. The foliage of 
this variety is somewhat subject to rust, 
but its good points overbalance this, and 
the fact that it is grown commercially 
in your section shows this fault is not 
serious there. It ranks high in quality 
and has a long ripening season. Mar¬ 
shall is of very high quality, but on 
many soils is a shy bearer. At Hope 
Farm it is commercially profitable, but 
here will not give half the yield Wm. 
Belt or Brandywine will. Brandywine 
ripens next and has a long season. It 
is productive, large, good quality and 
the best of the list for canning. Gandy 
comes late after most varieties are 
winding up, but is a short season berry, 
ripening* its fruit in about three pick¬ 
ings. Hunn will give large dark red 
berries after the others are gone, and 
is of good quality. This variety rusts 
so badly in some places some seasons 
that it is not considered safe, but for 
koine use it is worth risking a few 
pkmts to round out the season. Other 
varieties could be added but the above 
list is sufficient. Any good garden soil 
will raise good berries if well cared for. 
It should be well filled with humus and 
liberally fertilized. Avoid a light sand 
or stiff clay. It should be naturally 
moist, but well drained, and lie so that 
no water or ice will cover it during the 
Winter. It is now too late to plant. Set 
as early next Spring as the ground can 
be worked properly. The quantity of 
plknts will depend on the fondness for 
strawberries and how many are desired 
for preserving, also on the system 
adopted. From 200 to 300 if grown in 
matted rows will be sufficient; 400 or 
500 if grown in hedge-rows, and 600 
or 800 if grown in hills. The latter 
system will take less ground, although 
more plants are used. If well cared for 
these numbers should give an abund¬ 
ance throughout the season, with prob¬ 
ably some to spare through the heaviest 
bearing period. 
Either the hill system or hedge-row 
will give most satisfactory results. For 
the hill system set plants 15 inches 
apart in the rows. Set first row 30 
inches from edge of patch, second row 
15 inches from first, and third row the 
same distance from the second. Then 
leave 30 inches between third and fourth 
rows and 15 between fourth and fifth 
and fifth and sixth. Then 30 inches be¬ 
tween sixth and seventh. Repeat until 
patch is set. Keep all runners off. This 
will give you beds of three rows each, 
with paths wide enough so that berries 
will not be crushed in picking. For the 
hedge-row system set plants 30 inches 
apart in rows 30 inches apart for single 
hedge-row or rows 3G inches apart for 
double hedge-row. Place the new run¬ 
ner plants by hand just where wanted 
and when system is completed keep all 
runners off. Under these systems the 
patch can be profitably kept for several 
years. The hill system, we think, you 
will find most satisfactory. g. R. s. 
ORCHARD ON A STEEP HILLSIDE. 
It. It, T., The Plains, Va .—I have a very 
steep hillside, which I consider too steep 
to be handled as 1 do my other Helds in my 
regular rotation. As it is now, there is 
not a good stand of grass on the field, and 
my ultimate object is to put this hill in an 
apple orchard. 1 prefer having a good 
sod on the field to start with, so that I 
shall not have to bring in the mulch for 
the young trees from elsewhere. Yet, if I 
cultivate to corn in the Spring, and then 
follow with grass, by the time I get done 
cultivating the field will have washed so 
much as to seriously Injure the land. This, 
above all things, is what I most desire to 
avoid. "What must I do? Put the orchard 
out this Fall, disk it in the Spring, give a 
good dressing of fertilizer and sow heavily 
in grass? I am feeding about 40 cattle 
this Winter, and if I wait till Spring to 
put out the orchard, I can feed all my 
roughage there this Winter and benefit the 
land in this way. Still, I do not want to 
lose any more time than necessary in set¬ 
ting out the orchard. 
Ans. —You are right in getting a thick 
sod on that hillside. This is what we 
would do from our own experience. 
Feed the cattle on that hill this Winter. 
In the Spring plow strips, across the 
face of the hill, leaving narrow strips 
unplowed between the lands. Plant the 
trees on those •sod strips, plowing two 
furrows to them on each side. Seed 
the plowed strips to grass and clover, 
with oats or barley if desired. When 
these plowed strips are well grassed 
over plow the sod strips and seed them 
in the same way. The object of this 
separate plowing is to prevent washing. 
The sod strips will hold back the water 
and prevent a stream that would form 
gullies. When planting the trees in 
Spring put a mulch of manure or stalks 
around them. When once well seeded 
you can keep the trees in sod, provided 
the grass is cut and all of it left on the 
ground. _ 
IMPROVING A MARYLAND FARM. 
It. G. II., Waterbary, Aid. —1. My farm is 
very poor and billy, and full of clay 
knolls. At present time corn is yellow 
and only about two feet high, whereas just 
off the knolls on level ground, it is seven 
feet tali and in tassel. Ilow can I bring 
the bare spots up and make them produce 
fair crops? 2. I have about 100 acres clear 
land, most of which is very hard clay 
soil, and am sure there has been no lime 
used for 15 years. Wouldn't lime bo one 
of the first things to use, and when is the 
best time to put it on ? 1 have about 25 
acres of poor pasture find 10 acres of fair 
meadow which are now run out, and I 
shall put both in corn next Spring. Would 
it be well to plow these this Fall and 
lime in Spring before seeding to corn? 3. I 
can sell milk at 20 cents per gallon on 
the farm. At this price, would not cows 
be the most profitable thing I could go 
into, and at same time help to bring up 
the soil? 
Ans. —1. No. Lime is not the first thing 
you need. The lower spots are better 
than the knolls because there has ac¬ 
cumulated there more humus or organic 
decay than has been left on the knolls. 
Then in that section I know that there 
are ridges underlaid by deep gravel, and 
the soil is leachy and hard to keep up, 
and the more vegetable decay you can 
get there the more retentive the 'soil 
will be of plant food and moisture. The 
great need of your land is humus. Get 
vegetable matter into the soil by a good 
rotation of crops in which the legumes 
come in frequently and are fed to stock 
to make manure. 
2. I would put that 100 acres into 
four fields and make a rotation 'similar 
to the following. Corn, with Crimson 
clover seed sown at last working. Clover 
saved for hay as soon as in bloom the 
next Spring, and cow peas sown with an 
application of 300 pounds of acid phos¬ 
phate and 25 pounds of muriate of pot¬ 
ash per acre. Cow peas mown for hay 
as soon as the pods turn yellow, and 
the stubble disked fine and wheat sown 
with an application of acid phosphate 
at rate of 400 pounds per acre. Red 
clover sown on the wheat, and the next 
year the first crop mown for hay, and 
the second growth allowed to mature 
perfectly, and be plowed under in the 
late Fall and rye sown. On this rye 
get out during the Winter and spread 
broadcast all the manure made by the 
dairy cows from the feeding of the 
clover and pea vine hay and the corn 
stover or silage, for if you keep a dairy 
herd you should have a silo and store a 
goodly part of the corn crop in this for 
Winter feeding, and a material to help 
balance the protein feeds of the clover 
and pea vine hay, and you will have 
little grain feed to buy for the cows. 
Turn the manured rye under for corn 
and repeat the rotation. Then, as the 
humus increases from the growing of 
the legume crop and the application of 
the manure you can use a dressing of 
25 bushels of slaked lime per acre about 
once in each alternate round of the ro¬ 
[\j ATURAL 
Fine-Ground 
Phosphate 
The Reliable Land Builder. 
ACID PHOSPHATE IS ONLY FINE GROUND 
PHOSI’HATK TREATED WITH ACIDS, so as to set the 
phosphoric acid treo. The acids of decomposing vege¬ 
table matter, or natural adds in the soil, will do this 
equally as well, and from Fine Ground Phosphate, at one- 
fourtli the cost for phosphoric acid contained in same, 
will produce equally large crop yields. UscONLYthe NAT¬ 
URAL product. Send for free booklet tcllingnll about it. 
Farmers' Ground Rock Phosphate Co., Mi. Pleasant, Tenn. 
FERTILIZER LIME 
WALTON OUARKIES, Harrisburg, I»a. 
CAUSTIC LIME 
removes soil acidity and benefits nearly all crops. 
Use in Fall or Winter and get full benefit tho next 
season. Circulars aiul prices. Address 
CHAS. S. PHELPS, -:- General Agent, Salisbury, Conn. 
A FEW CARS of fine, dry, screened, nnslacked Massa¬ 
chusetts Agricultural Lime ; must lie moved this 
month. Special price. W. L. Mitchell, New Haven, Conn. 
APPLE BARRELS AND PEAR KEGS 
C. I). BOSTWICK, Ithaca, New York. 
APPLE BARRELS 
— Car lots or less. 
KOBT. GI1.I/IK8. 
Medina. N. Y. 
2 54 PAGE-CATALOG' FREE 
TELLING HOW 1*0 SAW LUMBER, SHINGLES, 
wood; grind corn and wheat; also .describ¬ 
ing FULL LINE OF ENGINES, BOILERS, GASOLINE 
ENGINES. WATER-WHEELS AND MILL GEARING. 
DELOACH Mill MANUFACTURING CO.. Box Bridgeport. Alabama 
tation profitably. Make the manure 'go 
as far as possible, and especially give 
the thin knolls the advantage of this 
manure. Stick to the rotation and you 
will gradually find that the clay soil is 
getting more mellow and retaining 
moisture more and more. Of course in 
the start you may have to repeat a crop 
in order to get all the four fields com¬ 
ing in one after another, and the four 
crops will have to be planted all at the 
same time, or nearly so, in order to be¬ 
gin the rounds. Depend mainly as fer¬ 
tilizers on phosphoric acid and potash 
aided- by the legumes and the manure 
in the getting of what nitrogen is need¬ 
ed, and in a very little while you will 
find that you do not need to buy nitro¬ 
gen in a fertilizer. 
3. Yes. The dairy will be a good thing 
if you can sell milk to much amount at 
20 cents per gallon. A butter dairy 
would be better for the land, or what is 
equally economical of fert lity, the •sell¬ 
ing of separated cream for the manu¬ 
facture of ice cream, thus leaving you 
the skim-milk for pigs, which will help 
the stock business greatly. 
W. F. MASSEY. 
FRUIT TREES 
AND PLANTS 
All tho most dosirnblo varieties for home ami 
commercial orchard planting. .Shade trees, hardy 
shrubs, roses, hedge plants. 
Free descriptive catalog. 
BARNES BROS. NURSERY CO., 
Box 8, Yalesville, Conn. 
FRUIT TREES 
Every Farm and Garden should have on it 
some fruit, as nothing pleases tho palate of both 
young and old so much as fruit taken direct from 
the vine or tree. 
Let us tell you all about how to grow them and 
what kinds to plant. 
Our handsome descriptive catalogue is free, 
JOS. H. It LACK, SON & CO., 
Hightstown, N. J. 
80,000 APPTjK— 1 Year Buds. 
6 taxman, York Impelial, Grime*, Baldwin, Etc., 8 to 1 feet 
30,000 PLUM-1 and !4 Years. 
WfckHon, Aliundaiice, Burbank, Red June, October Purple, Etc. 
30,000 CHKKRY-Sweet and Sonr. 
We don’t grow the 'A for a Nickel kind. Noth¬ 
ing but the best stock Money and Brains can pro¬ 
duce ever leaves our nurseries. 11)09 Catalog for 
the asking. 
THE PATTERSON NURSERY CO.. Stewartstown, Pa. 
Save Your Trees. 
Order Protectors now and save your 
young Fruit Trees from being destroyed 
by Rabbits and Mice during the winter. 
Offer For 30 
DAYS ONLY 
Call’s Nurseries, Perry, O., can furnish 
you the best Tree Protector made for 
less than one cent each.— Ad*v. 
HAKKISON’S NUKSKKIKS, Berlin, Mil. 
1100 acres trees and plants. Catalog froo. 
W ANTED TO EXCHANGE-Sweet Potatoes for Apples. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. " in. land, Bust New 3lui ket,Md. 
TRY KEVITT’S SYSTEM 1910 lifiJitf 
k i; V ITT, 
N. J. 
-Fine stock of Ruby Raspberry plants, 
1 Wilder and Fay Currant Bushes. Also 
cuttings. J. F. WYGANT, Marlboro, N. Y. 
FOR SALE" 
C HOICK CLOVICK ANI) GRASS SKKDS sold 
direct to the farmer. We have reduced our 
choice Hungarian and Millet seeds to the present 
market value. Write for samples and puces at 
once. N. WFRTllF.IM1CR & HONS, Ligonier, Ind. 
■RUIT 
fREES 
that grow and hour fruit true 
to name, from grower to 
planter direct, freight paid, ut 
wholesale prices. lMcIntosh 
Apple Tree postpaid for Hie. 
Send for free catalogue. 
7c 
Each 
For this Goddard Closed Style Top Comfort 
Cutter, with host equipment. We nave many 
other styles of Cutters, Bobs and runner attach¬ 
ments. Send for free catalog. 
Kalamazoo Carriage & Harness Co. 
Box 25. Kalamazoo, Mich. 
Let Me Start You in Business! 
1 will furnish the capital and the advertising. I want 
one sincere, earnest man in every town and township. 
Farmers, Mechanics, Builders. Small business men, any¬ 
one anxious to improve his condition. Address Ander¬ 
son Mfg. Co., Dept. D.36, Elyria, Ohio. 
I FUDIIC Ror Sale In the fertile Dela- 
IQU I ft It nlO ware Valley; from 5 to 200 
acres: $25 per acre up New catalogue and map. 
HOKACK G. HKKDEU, Newtown, Pa. 
E1ELAWARE FARMS—Healthful climate, short open 
U winters; host imarkets; productive soil; cheap 
land. Write for catalogue. List of 50 farms. 
WM. G. WECHTENHI.SER, Harrington, Del. 
Tarmsoxi 
yirgmidLn R^ 
, _ _ 
gSouthside Virginia;^ 
Q Locate now on the new railroad. Run* 
through the richest fanning and trucking 
country. 
Lands $10.00 to $25.00 per acre. 
EJ Rich farms now at low prises. Produce 
two and three crops per year, abundant water, 
timber, excellent climate. Write for catalogue 
and information: B. E. RICE, Agent, 
Industrial Department, Virginian Railway Co., 
Dept. G, Norfolk, Virginia. 
CATALPA TREES 
FOR PROFIT. My Free Booklet 
tells all about the 150 acres I am growing for tele¬ 
phone poles. Beats farming two to one. Writetoday. 
U. O. HOOKUH, Itux III JMechunlcsburg, Ohio. 
SEA GREEN &■ PURPLE 
SEA GREEN AND PURPLE SLATE 
is nature's own product—not man made. Quarried from solid rock—split into 
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SLATE 
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NEVER 
WEAR 
OUT 
