688 
THE EUR A I- NEW-YORKER 
November 13 
Ruralisms 
THE AVOCADO PEAR. 
p. JL 4SL, MvdioeJl Lake, Wash. —WilJ you 
loll me what the avocado pear is, Sum-mer, 
Fall or Winter, and at what nursery they 
can be bad? 
Ans.—T he avocado or alligator pear, 
Persea gratissinaa, is not a true pear, 
nor does it even belong to the same 
botanical family. The pear, Pyrus com¬ 
munis, belongs to the Rose family, 
while the Persea belongs to the Laurel 
family. The avocado is a native of the 
West Indies, Mexico and South Ameri¬ 
ca. The tree grows to a height of 25 to 
30 feet, with elliptical evergreen leaves 
four to seven inches long. 1 he fruits 
are large, pear-shaped, with green or 
deep purple skin enclosing firm yellow¬ 
ish green pulp with a single large seed 
in the center. The pulp, which is very 
oily (hence the name of midshipman’s 
butter, sometimes given to the fruit) 
is eaten as a salad, usually with a plain 
French dressing. Tire oil of this fruit 
is sometimes used for soap-making, and 
also for illuminating purposes. The 
seeds are used for marking linen, as 
they yield an indelible black stain. In 
California we believe the avocado is 
grown as far north as Los Angeles, but 
it is not at its best north of the pine¬ 
apple section, being essentially a tropical 
fruit, requiring a good deal of heat to 
attain quality. It is extremely plentiful 
in Jamaica, and has become naturalized 
in many tropical •countries. It is receiv¬ 
ing a good deal of attention in southern 
Florida, whence it is sent to lihc New 
York markets. It would not be suitable 
for a locality so far north as Wash¬ 
ington. __ 
Fruits for Central New York. 
I do not know whether you want a 
home list of fruits or a .commercial list, 
or both, but I will make out a list for 
both. Apples, commercial. Fail. McIntosh, 
Malden ltiush. Winter. Baldwin. Greening, 
King. For home use, Summer, Williams, 
Yellow Transparent. Fall, Fall Pippin, 
McIntosh, Fameusc. Winter, Greening, 
Sutton, Delicious. Rome, l’ears, commer¬ 
cial, Seckel, Kieffer. Home. Seckei. Bart¬ 
lett, Anjou, Winter Nells. Plums. eouuner.- 
cial. Field, Grand Duke, Shropshire Dam¬ 
son. Home. Abundance, Rdne Claude, 
Shropshire Damson. Peaches, commercial. 
Carman, JE Iberia. Home, Carman. Fitzger¬ 
ald, Elbcrla. Crosby, Hill’s Chili. Cher¬ 
ries, commercial and home , Windsor, 
Schmidts, Black Tartarian. Montmorency. 
Bartlett is one of our beat commercial 
pears, but blight is so bad now I would 
not advise setting ora u large scale. List of 
peaches are all quite hardy in this locality, 
15 degrees below zero Fahrenheit being 
about the limit. Apple Delicious has not 
fruited here, but is so highly recommended 
would advise a trial for home use. 
Seneca Co., N. Y. w. a. basses®. 
Snow Packed Apples. —Three years ago 
there was serious loss in Colorado due 
to a snowstorm before apples were fully 
picked. The weather turned cold and froze 
the fruit on the trees. The same trouble 
Is likely to occur again, and Prof. E. R. 
Bennett, of the Agricultural College, gives 
this suggestion : 
“We believe that a large part of the 
loss of two years ago might have been 
avoided, in the sections where the snowfall 
was from four inches to a greater depth. 
After the storm starts no time is left for 
picking the fruit, bu.t as everyone knows, 
snow is one of t lie best non-conductors of 
heat which we have. If. when the snow 
had started, the growers had gotten all 
hands busy and shaken the apples from 
the trees into the snow, we believe that 
from 50 to 00 per cent of the fruit would 
have been as good as though picked by 
hand. Of course, some of the apples in 
shaking would he bruised by coming in 
contact with the branches or other apples. 
By far the larger part, however, would have 
fallen into the snow, which would have 
broken the fall of the apple; hut at the 
same time allowed the apple to sink into 
the snow deep enough to give it protection 
from frost.” 
A Mulched Okcuiaud. — Respecting a 
mulch for apple trees, I purchased a farm 
with an old orchard. That orchard was 
apparently worthless or almost so. The 
fruit was small and very much infested with 
worms. I came into possession of a lot of 
damaged hay. mostly clover; It was stack 
tops and bottoms and clover cut late and 
dumuged by rain. We put 200 to 300 pounds 
of this hay near Ihose trees and put eoal 
ashes close to and around the trunks. That 
old orchard, after that, has borne abund¬ 
antly, has produced new wood, and is one 
of the best orchards in our township. 
Pennsylvania. d. o. k. 
Gladiolus Rust. —I notice that L. 
Morton Gage fakes exceptions to my 
statement in The R. N.-Y. that blight 
or rust in the G’atliolus is caused by a 
vitiated atmosphere, lie is speaking of 
the black rot, which is entirely different. 
Ohio. M. CRAWFORD. 
The new invention for botbeds and cold framer 
Keeping Celery.—I have tried all 
known ways to keep Winter celery, and 
I have had the best results with trench¬ 
ing. We dig a trench the width of a 
spade, and just deep enough so that the 
top of the celery is even with the 
ground; stand it straight and pack as 
close as possible. The celery must be 
'dry when put in, and must be covered 
before the tops are frozen. We cover 
first with hay ot straw, and as it gets 
colder we begin putting on dirt, and 
keep it closed tight. I have tried ven¬ 
tilating the end, but find it keeps better 
•if closed tight. I have put away as much 
as 18 acres in one season, and had some 
of it come out the next April in good 
condition. Of course the trench must 
not be covered too early in the Fall. 
All of this must be learned by experi¬ 
ence. CHAS. MAGEE. 
Connecticut. 
Perfect plants, early, get the big prices 
Sunlight Double Glass Sash increases the size, quality 
and rapidity of growth of your plants. The two layers of 
glass, have a 5/s inch cushion of air between them, form¬ 
ing a perfect non-conductor, retaining the heat in the bed 
over night. 
Does away with boards or mats. Saves nearly all the 
labor and risk. I>ets in all the light all the time. 
Write for catalog and freight 
prepaid proposition. 
Order early to insure prompt 
shipment. Fast freight safe de¬ 
livery guaranteed. 
Agents Wanted—Good paying 
proposition. The success of the sash 
sells them. Write for particulars. 
Address— 
Sunlight Double Glass Sash Co. 
Grafting Walnuts. —On page 928 
you say grafting of nil kinds of wal¬ 
nuts is uncertain. I would have said 
the same two years ago. When I moved 
on this farm eight years ago, I found 
one English walnut tree about 25 years 
old from seed and two trees that hear 
English walnuts that are grafted on 
Black walnut stock. Since then I had a 
lot of young Black walnut trees come up 
in my garden, I moved them when about 
a foot high. The next, season I had 
them all grafted; none took. ] budded 
in August and none took. The next 
year I grafted again with the same re¬ 
sult. In August of 1908 I budded with 
a ring hud and all took well except one. 
Later on wc had a severe storm that 
broke off 13 out of 14. The fourteenth 
one to-day is over six feet high ; Black 
walnut stock is about six inches, re¬ 
mainder English walnut. I am sure if 
storm had not broken the 13 that they 
would all he living to-day. Last Spring 
I ring-budded only two or three, because 
I find an insect is puncturing the wal¬ 
nuts, and I do not care to have so many 
trees to spray. All 1 put on last Spring 
have taken all right, including two seed¬ 
ling pecans. m. h. k. 
Newcomb, Md. 
Grafting Grattcs.— Having grafted from 
40 to 75 vinos yearly for many years, let 
me add a word to the directions given 
therefor on page 903. Success requires 
extra care; the stocks must be healthy 
and the scions from well-ripened wood of 
vines not too young, and the work done in 
the Spring before the sap starts very much. 
Young thrifty stocks may be split with 
a knife, hut older ones do not split well, 
and the cleft is best made with a saw. 
Make the cleft 1 Vz inch deep, and the f 
wedge of like length with the greatest 
care, and with the same care insert the 
scion into the stock so that the cambium 
or inner hark of the two coincides as far as 
possible. Keep wood for scions buried from 
frost over Winter. Great care is necessary 
to success. This year I was successful j 
with 41 out of 44, which I consider good 
work. R. L. T. 
Lapeer, Mich. 
NURSING MOTHERS 
show the beneficial effects of 
Scott’s Emulsion 
in a very short time. It not 
only builds her up, but en- 1 
riches the mother’s milk and 
properly nourishes the child. 
Nearly all mothers who 
nurse their children should 
take this splendid food-tonic, 
not only to keep up their 
own strength but to properly 
nourish their children. 
FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS 
Bond 10c., name of paper and this ad. for our 
beautiful Havings Hunk and Child's Sketch-Book. 
Each bank conturns a -Good Luck i-tuiuy. 
SCOTT & BOWNE, 409 Pearl St., New York 
924 E. Broadway 
Louisville, Ky. 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns 
big profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
^practical fruit grow- 
1 ers we were using common 
: sprayers in our own orchards 
—found their defects and 
invented the Eclipse. Its 
success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a larps scale. 
You take no chances. We 
have done all the experi- 
Large fully illustrated Catalog 
and Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY. Benton Harbor, Mich. 
WITH T>IK 
"EMPIRE KING” 
nn<t bug*, worms, blfchl, etc., will 
have no terrors for you. Best con¬ 
struction, jKirfeot agitators, no scorched 
foliage. Wc make all sizes arul styles of Gasoline 
®nglnc Sprayers. Free Hook on Spraying. Agents wanted. 
.FIELD FORCE PI MP ‘2 Eleventh St., JCImlra, N.T. 
meriting. 
AGENTS CAN MAKE $5 to $10 
A HA V selling RIPP LEY’S Automatic Spray- 
W I ers, Spraying Solutions, Orchard Sprays, 
Tireless Brooders, Feed Cookers, White washers, etc* 
Cataloge and terms Free* 
RIPPLEY MFG. CO., Box 20, Grafton, III. 
Jarvis Spraying Compound. 
IS THE CHEAPEST AND BEST. IT HAS NO SUPERIOR. 
SURE CURE FOR THE SAN JOSE SCALE 
Buy <11 reel from the lminufucture.r and save, money. Spraying 
Compound ready .to mix with water. One gullnii of Spraying 
■Compound wi'd make from sixteen to twenty gallons of spray. 
Tuiais i—.In bbl. lots (50 pul.) SlOe. per pnl. 
We would refer yon to J. II. Hale, the Peach King, or Prof. 
Jut-vis, of the floiuiertiout Agricultural College. They will tell 
you there is nothiiip beLLur. 
THE J. T. ROBERTSON CO.. BOX R, MANCHESTER, CONN. 
TO KILL 
San Jose Scale 
USE 
Bergenport Brand Sublimed 
FLOWERS of SULPHUR 
The best form of sulphur for Lime Sulphur Wash. 
Combines easily ami quickly with lime. Write to 
BERGENPOUT SULPHUR WORKS 
T. & S. C. White Co., IOO William St., /V. V. 
Is a sure remedy for 
Hau.Jose Scale. Write 
l'or circular. Agents 
Wanted. CHESTER 
COUNTY'CHEMiCAL CO.. West Chester, Chester Co., Pa. 
SCALEOIL 
/-SAN JOSE SCALED 
KILLER 
ICIL-O-SCALE is the most reliable rem¬ 
edy tor Scale. Ready for uee by simply 
mixing with water. We also sell Spray¬ 
ing Outfits. Write for catalogue. 
HENRY A. DREER, - Philadelphia, Pa. 
(ROWN FENCE 
B l 
Strongest, most durable fence 
made. Heaviest, olosost wiros. Double 
. galvanized. Practically indestructible. Stock 
(strong. Ohicken tight. 15to35c porrod. Sample free. Wepayfrt. 
I The brown Fcnce& WireCo., Dept. 59. Cleveland, Ohio. 
FENCE 
Strongest 
Made — 
Made of High Carbon Double Strength 
Colled Wire. Heavily Galvanized to 
prevent rust. Have no agonfs. Sell at 
factory prices on 30 days’ troe trial. 
We pay all freight. 37 height* of farm 
and poultry fence. Catalog Froo. 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box 863 Winchester, Indiana. 
Don’t Rust Farm Fence 
Kxtra heavily k«Iv«h «*- 
J/.tid. Sold ilimift ti> 
fur morn at mnuufac-. 
tuner*’ prioeR no da yd' 
free trial. Also Poul¬ 
try and Ornumoutal 
Wire and Iron l enoes. 
(’utulog free . Write 
f«r special offer. 
Tim Ward Fence Do., 
box 542, Deoatur, Ind. 
IT IS UP TO YOU 
if you have not gotten complete control of the dread 
San Joso Scale- 
WJE KNOW THAT IMtAXT’S 
“SCALECIDE” 
will do it more effectively than Lime-Sulphur, for loss money and less labor— five years of proofs. 
PRICES :—in barrels and half bum-els, 60c. per gallon; 10 gallon cans, $6.00 ; 6 gallon cans, $3.3u; 1 gulion cans, $1.00. 
Send ■for Booklet. "Orchard Insurance." 
If you want cheap oils, our CAJMSOJLKINK ” at 30c. per gallon is tbe equal of anything else. 
B. G. PRATT CO., MFG. CHEMISTS, 50 CHURCH ST., NEW YORK CITY- 
U| 1DD ARIVQ 
GRASS AND GRAIN FERTILIZER 
The Famous “HAY MAKER” For Fall Seeding 
Our Almanac tells all about it. 
Sent free to any address 
THE ROGERS & HUBBARD CO., 
MANUFACTURERS OF THE HUBBARD FERTILIZERS. 
MIDDLETOWN, CONN. 
