1909. 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
10S8 
Ruralisms 
, “CITRANGE” THE NEW FRUIT. 
The picture at Fig. 559 shows a photo¬ 
graph of the new “citrange.” This is 
taken from the fruit and shows the ex¬ 
act size. Dr. B. T. Galloway of the De¬ 
partment of Agriculture gives us the 
following facts about this fruit: 
“This is the result of a cross between 
a hardy orange—Citrus trifoliata—used 
as a hedge as far north as New York, 
and one of the sweet oranges. We now 
have five varieties of these hardy or¬ 
anges or citranges., and have distributed 
something over ten thousand plants of 
them. With one exception, which will be 
noted later, they have no special value 
for eating out of hand, but they will, we 
believe, prove a useful adjunct to the 
home gardens of the South in the mat¬ 
ter of furnishing a fruit suitable for 
making marmalades,- preserves and re¬ 
freshing ’ades. The two specimens in 
question are not quite ripe, but will give 
you some idea of the amount of juice 
they contain and its character. One pe¬ 
culiar feature about these citranges is 
that the skin itself secretes a rather 
strong oil, which is objectionable when 
squeezed out with the juice of the pulp 
proper. To overcome this the fruit 
should be peeled across the middle and 
then cut at the peeled portion. In this 
way none of the oil gets into the juice. 
In the making of marmalades the oil is 
not so objectionable. The exception 
noted above is a variety which we have 
connection proved. The disease must 
develop on the cedars from which it 
passes to the apple and then back again. 
Some varieties are more subject to it 
than others. The remedy is to cut down 
and burn all cedars anywhere near the 
orchard. _ 
Mixed Varieties in Apple Orchards. 
I notice that some of your corre¬ 
spondents in giving, on page 967, their 
opinions in regard to mixing varieties 
of apples in planting, seem to place 
much stress on using such varieties as 
bloom at the same time. Now I am not 
a botanist, and do not claim to any 
scientific knowledge as to the structure 
of the blossoms, but I had always sup¬ 
posed that one reason why some vari¬ 
eties of flowers were self-sterile was 
because the male and female organs of 
those flowers w'ere not both at exactly 
the right stage of development at a 
given time to fertilize themselves. This 
being the case, it is evident that there 
should be a slight difference, but prob¬ 
ably not too much, in the time of 
blooming to ensure best results. A 
year ago last Spring seemed at the time 
to be a very unfavorable time for the 
fertilization of apples. It was frosty, 
cloudy and wet, but notwithstanding, 
our crop of most varieties was very 
heavy. I have never noticed the blos¬ 
soming season to last so long—so much 
time to elapse between the opening of 
the first blossoms and the final drop¬ 
ping of the petals, and to this long 
season of blooming with the blossoms 
Blackberry Questions. 
J. V. G., Spark ill, N. Y .—Which is the 
better late market blaekkberry, Ancient 
Briton or Taylor, and which is the larger 
berry? I have Eldorado for early, which 
with me is all I ask. but have tried Erie. 
Mersereau, Kittatinny and Snyder; the first 
three often winter-kill or do not bear, while 
Snyder is too small. 
Ans. —If J. V. C. can grow Eldorado 
without winter-killing, then he ought to 
grow the equally hardy varieties of Erie 
or Mersereau. He should try Ward 
and the Blowers. This last-named va¬ 
riety originated in Chautauqua Co., 
N. Y., and is claimed to be one of the 
hardiest, largest and most productive 
varieties that has been recently intro¬ 
duced, and I would advise him to get 
a few plants of both Blowers and the 
Ward and try them. Ward needs good 
culture and is then a fine large berry. 
Kittatinny rusts and is not safe to 
plant on that account. The Ancient 
Briton is a good late hardy berry, but 
under ordinary culture, not much, if 
any larger than Snyder. Taylor is the 
very best hardy late blackberry; it 
needs good culture and plenty of ma¬ 
nure, will then produce heavy crops of 
large berries—not the largest, but 
larger berries than Ancient Briton or 
Snyder. If I were confined to one 
hardy variety of blackberry, I would 
plant the Taylor in preference to any 
other one variety. e. s. black. 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns 
big profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
practical fruit grow¬ 
ers we were using common 
sprayers in our own orchards 
—found their defects and 
invented the Eclipse. Its 
success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a large scale. 
You take no chances. We 
have done all the experi¬ 
menting. Large fully illustrated Catalog 
and Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY. Benton Harbor. Mich. 
rSAN JOSE SCALED 
KILLER 
KIL-O-SCALE is the most reliable rem¬ 
edy for Scale. Ready for use by simply 
mixing with water. We also sell Spray¬ 
ing Outfits. Write for catalogue. 
HENRY A. DREER, - Philadelphia, Pa. 
is a sure remedy for 
San Jose Scale. Write 
for circular. Agents 
Wanted. CHESTER 
COUNTY CHEMICAL CO., West Chester, Chester Co., Pa. 
^ K\f WITH TIIK 
Olr AT "EMPIRE KING” 
n AA p and bugs, worms, blight, etc., will 
■ ■ Iff W have no terrors for you. Best con- 
^ etruction, perfect agitators, no scorched, 
foliage. We make all sizes and styles of Gasolino 
Engine Sprayers. Free Book on Spraying. Agents wanted. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP CO. t 2 Eleventh St., Elmira, N. Y. 
Sutton Apples in Michigan.— I no¬ 
ticed what the Hope Farm man said 
about the Sutton Beauty apple. Had he 
seen my Suttons he would conclude that 
the McIntosh was a back number. Put 
the Sutton on sweet cherry soil and it 
is simply immense. h. c. s. 
Ottawa Co., Mich. 
Save Your Trees. 
Order Protectors now and save your 
young Fruit Trees from being destroyed 
by Rabbits and Mice during the winter. 
Call’s Nurseries, Perry, O., can furnish 
you the best Tree Protector made for 
less than one cent each.— Ada). 
Spray Your Fruit Trees 
While the Leaves are off. 
You can do the work better now than later, forthe scale aro more easily killed. “ Scaleclean’* 
; is the best and cheapest remedy for Sun Jose scale. It is a Petroleum soap product, made by an 
experienced fruit grower. Use one part to sixteen parts of cold water. 
“SCALECLEAN” Is Guaranteed to Kill Every Scale it Hits 
"Fifty-gallon barrel only $11, freight prepaid for 300 miles from Harrisburg, Pa. In smaller quantities, 
purchaser to pay charges, five gallons, $2 ; ten gallons, $3.r>o. Sold direct only. Send cash with order 
by bank draft, money order or registered letter. Booklet of lull particulars and testimonials, free. 
J. A. COCKL1N, Pomona Farm, Siddonsburg, Pa. 
THE “CITRANGE,” HEDGE PLANT X SWEET ORANGE. Fig. 559. 
named the Morton. This fruit is quite 
sweet and may be readily eaten like a 
grapefruit. While it more closely ap¬ 
proximates a grapefruit in taste it looks 
more like an orange. The trees fruit 
when quite small, and when three or 
four years of age. The chief advantage 
of these fruits lies in their hardiness, 
as they may be grown as far north as 
Tennessee and North Carolina and with 
some slight protection even as far north 
as Washington.” 
R. N.-Y.—Samples of the “Morton” 
were also received. They were about 
three times as large as the specimens 
shown in the picture and shaped more 
like an orangK Opinions as to the flavor 
vary. Some who tasted it declared the 
raw fruit unfit to eat, while others 
thought it quite equal to grapefruit. 
CEDAR TREES AND APPLE RUST. 
The connection between these comes 
up for discussion every year. A New 
Jersey reader tells us how in spite of 
careful spraying with Bordeaux his ap¬ 
ples rust. Part of this is very likely due 
to spraying injury. We should use self- 
boiled lime and sulphur, or the new sul¬ 
phur remedy. Another cause of the 
trouble comes out in this part of the 
Jerseyman’s letter: 
1 would like to know also the effect of 
five large cedar trees growing in a hedge 
about 30 feet from apple orchard, as both 
fruit and trees (apple) blight and fruit 
has large black hard spots, which spraying 
will not help. The same variety on the 
far side of orchard from cedars grows large 
perfect fruit. This variety is ‘‘Smith 
Cider.” 
One of the rust diseases which attacks 
the apple passes part of its life on the 
cedar. The life history of this disease 
has been carefully worked out, and this 
in all stages, I now ascribe the perfect 
fertilization and abundant crop of that 
year. It seems to me that the mixing 
of varieties is something like the keep¬ 
ing of bees in connection with apple 
orcharding. It is in the nature of an 
insurance in the matter of fertilization. 
In the ideal blooming - weather, bright, 
pleasant, with a light breeze, not too 
hot or too windy, these helps may not 
be needed, but there are seasons when 
they may make all the difference be¬ 
tween a good crop and a comparative 
failure. l. r. bryant. 
Illinois. , _ 
Forcing Gladiolus. 
S. G. M., Gall a, O .—I have two ground 
benches. 7 by 60 feet each, and wish to 
plant as early as safe from freezing in 
Spring to Brenchleyensis, Augusta, America 
and May Gladioli. It is a new greenhouse, 
hut no heat. Following Gladioli will plant 
to late Asters. How early can I plant 
Gladiolus, how far apart and are these 
varieties all right? Am I safe to plant 
the last week in February, here in Ma¬ 
honing County, O., 60 miles south of Cleve¬ 
land ? 
Ans.— Gladiolus, when grown in a 
glass structure without artificial heat, 
should not be planted before March 15 
in latitude of New York City. Four 
weeks in advance of outdoor planting 
is the best general rule to be followed 
for planting all seeds, plants and bulbs 
in cold greenhouses, and as we usually 
begin planting Gladiolus in the open 
about April 15, we would advise plant¬ 
ing under glass about thirty days before. 
We plant in wide or double rows one 
foot apart, and about 12 bulbs to the 
foot; a row of radishes can be planted 
at the same time between each row of 
bulbs, and will be out of the way before 
the Gladiolus are very large. Varieties 
selected are the best. t. m. white. 
This shows the H. P. 
Spramotor arranged for • 
spraying potatoes, three 
nozzles to a row and four 
rows, two spraying from 
the sides and one from the 
top, adjustable as to height 
and width up to 40-in. rows. 
Nozzles absolutely will not 
clog. 12-gallon air tank, 5 
automatic and hand con- i 
trolled; 100 lbs. pressure 
guaranteed with 12 nozzles 
open. An acre can be sprayed 
in 20 minutes. Has agitator 
clean-out pressure relief 
into tank, and nozzle pro- ■ 
tector all under control of 
the driver from seat. For 
1 or 2 horses. Fitted for 
orchard, vineyards and grain. This advertisement will not appear again in this paper. 
E. H. HEARD, 1325 Erie Street, BUFFALO 
ui ippA prve 
GRASS AND GRAIN FERTILIZER 
The Famous “HAY MAKER” For Fall Seeding 
Our Almanac tells all about it. 
Sent free to any address 
THE ROGERS & HUBBARD CO., 
MANUFACTURERS OF THE HUBBARD FERTILIZERS, 
MIDDLETOWN, CONN. 
5 YEARS’ use has proven that SAN JOSE SCALE 
and all FUNGOUS diseases, controllable during the dormant season, are absolutely controlled 
by the use of 
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