1110 
TH LC RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 25, 
GLANDERED HORSE CASE. 
Glanders is considered such a serious 
disease that the law rightly makes it a 
criminal offense to own, harbor, use, 
sell or give away a horse thus affected. 
The disease is readily communicated to 
man and is incurable. City stables often 
become nests of this, as well as other 
diseases, and the horses after being 
doctored and doped so that they make 
a fair appearance are unloaded upon 
country buyers. A veterinarian whose 
first practice was in New York City told 
the writer that it was then, about five 
years ago, the common custom to ship 
glandered horses to the country, single 
stables sending out half a dozen or 
more in one night, to be disposed of 
through horse jockeys in country vil¬ 
lages. In cases where there was much 
nasal discharge the trouble was called 
distemper and the horse, after passing 
through several hands, was sold at a 
low price to a farmer, the argument be¬ 
ing that “if turned out to pasture a lit¬ 
tle while he will he all right.” But "dis¬ 
temper'' is not considered a serious dis¬ 
ease, a great many horses, especially 
young animals brought to New York 
from the West, get it and recover in a 
few weeks. The fact that a horse has 
distemper is not a good reason for giv¬ 
ing him away or selling him for a small 
fraction of his actual value if sound, 
and anyone offered such a bargain may 
well conclude that something worse than 
distemper is the matter. All experienced 
horsemen know this. 
Farmers on Long Island have depend¬ 
ed for their work horses, to a consider¬ 
able extent, on the stables of New York 
and Brooklyn, and during the past year 
there has been an increasing number of 
complaints of glandered horses got in 
this way. The horse passes through 
several hands and by the time the State 
Inspector, who condemns and kills the 
horse, traces him back to the city stable 
from which he was shipped, that place 
has been thoroughly cleaned up and 
there is nothing wrong visible. 
A recent lawsuit in a Long Island 
town brought out some matters of more 
than ordinary interest. On or about 
August 3, 1909, Louis Cohen, a stage 
driver at Patchoguc, Suffolk county, 
traded horses with William Koschara, 
a farmer living near Sclden, in the 
same county. Koschara had a light 
horse, better adapted to the road than 
heavy farm work, and Cohen’s horse 
was a large animal better suited to the 
farm than the road. The large horse 
was said to be just getting over distem¬ 
per. After some dickering the trade was 
made, Koschara giving $10 to boot. On 
the way home the large horse nearly 
gave out an I Koschara soon made up 
his mind that something more serious 
than distemper was the matter. He got 
practically no work out of the horse, 
and the neighbors told him he had a 
case of glanders. Dr. P. V. Weaver, a 
State insoector, resident at Glen Cove, 
Long Island, was notified. lie examined 
the horse with the usual tests, analysis 
of the blood and the injection of mal- 
lein, both showing a clear case of gland¬ 
ers, so the horse was condemned and 
killed October 12. The post mortem 
showed a most horrible condition, two 
veterinarians testifying that the animal 
had undoubtedly had the disease six 
months and perhaps more than a year. 
Under the new law in effect October 1, 
1909, the inspector destroying a gland¬ 
ered horse appraises its value, not to 
exceed $120, and the owner is supposed 
to get 80 per cent of the appraised 
amount. 
Koschara sued Cohen for $198 dam¬ 
ages arising from the trade. In the trial 
Robert Potter, a butcher at Patchoguc, 
testified that the horse was given him 
by a personal friend, A. M. Levy, of 
Wallabout Market, Brooklyn some time 
about midsummer, 1000. The horse had 
a nasal discharge and was supposed to 
be getting over distemper. As Potter 
had no pasture field and no time to at¬ 
tend to a sick horse lie disposed of him 
to Louis Cohen, getting another horse 
and giving $10 to boot. Asked as to the 
value of the horse Potter said that if 
sound he would have been worth $250 
or more, but on account of the distemper 
he was worth only about $75. Cohen’s 
chief defense was that there was no 
deception as he did not know that the 
horse had glanders when sold but 
thought it was only a case of distemper. 
Yet it was testified that Cohen told one 
man he had “unloaded” the horse; that 
on complaint the village trustees had 
forbidden Cohen to let the horse drink 
at the public watering trough. There 
was evidence showing a common belief 
among the stage drivers and others that 
the horse had glanders, and these things 
in connection with the facts that former 
owners had been willing in one case to 
give the horse away and in another to 
sell him for a small fraction of the 
value of a sound horse of that age 
(about five years), and weight, should 
have given Cohen good reason to sus¬ 
pect that something far worse than dis¬ 
temper ailed the horse. The jury ren¬ 
dered a verdict for Koschara, the plain¬ 
tiff, of $25, figuring that .his, plus $9G, 
which the State is to give Koschara for 
the condemned horse, provided the fund 
holds out, will give him the $120 as¬ 
sessed value the State put on the horse. 
w. w. H. 
DRY MASH FOR POULTRY. 
F. P. B. (page 1056) asks how to pre¬ 
pare a dry mash for liens. Perhaps he 
may be interested to know that there are 
differences of opinion among poultry- 
men about the value of feeding dry 
mashes in hoppers to adult fowls. Those 
who advise the unrestricted use of 
ground grain in hoppers claim that the 
method saves much time; that the food 
is offered in such a way that it cannot 
be eaten too rapidly, and that the birds 
do not take more of it than they require 
to nourish their bodies and to produce a 
good supply of eggs. On the other hand, 
many practical poullrymen condemn ab¬ 
solutely the feeding of dry mashes in 
hoppers to yearlings and older hens. 
They say that when the hens arc in 
Winter quarters they need exercise to 
keep them healthy, and this is promoted 
by feeding whole grain in the litter. 
When the birds are allowed to feed 
themselves at all times without any ex¬ 
ertion they eat too much and grow too 
fat—a condition that is apt to induce 
sickness and to diminish the production 
of eggs. Hopper-feeding is a lazy man’s 
method. It has its uses for the poultry- 
man with a small flock who cannot ar¬ 
range to look after his birds during the 
day. But, under any conditions, it re¬ 
quires care and judgment to avoid the 
ill effects of over-eating. 
WM. R. FISHER. 
R. N.-Y.—Some years ago we bought 
about 150 hens in the New York mar¬ 
kets, and fed them dry mash through the 
Winter. This mash was made up by a 
poultryman of long experience, and was 
fed freely. Before Spring more than 25 
of the hens died from over-eating, and 
the others barely paid their way up to 
June. Exercise for our hens hereafter. 
Swelling on Withers. 
I have a horse with an old swelling on 
withers. It will swell tip and he sore for 
n day or two, hut always responds to salt 
water treatment, and may not bother for 
a year or more. It has been there four 
years; has never broken. Should I try to 
dissipate it or leave alone? e. i*. k. 
New Jersey. 
It would not he wise to give this old 
condition severe treatment, as it might ag¬ 
gravate into a fistula of the withers. Bet¬ 
ter treat it by soothing measures. Protect 
the pari J *s much as possible against bruis¬ 
ing, and during working times bathe it 
once daily with a solution of half an ounce 
of tannic acid in half a gallon of cold water. 
If It starts to swell cover it with cotton 
batting soaked' in a solution of half an 
ounce of sugar of lead to the quart of cold 
water. Examination doubtless will show 
that there is a tlhroid tumor deep in the 
tissues, and that it swells up now and then 
when bruised. a. s. a. 
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