1909. 
1117 
EXPOSURES OF FAKE FEEDS. 
Every man who buys an ounce of 
feed should read Bulletin 316 of the 
Geneva Experiment Station. While 
New York farmers will get most out 
of it, there is information for the 
Florida men as well as those who live 
in Maine. This bulletin is on “Inspec¬ 
tion of Feeding Stuffs,” and gives anal¬ 
yses of the different mixtures of grain 
feed offered for sale in New York. 
In all 385 different brands of feed, 
aside from pure grains, were offered 
for sale in this State. Of this number 
220 were “compounded feeds”—that is, 
mixtures of crushed grains and various 
by-products. Eight of these were far 
below the guaranteed composition, while 
many more contained oat bulls, peanut 
shells, weed seeds, corncobs and similar 
trash. The price of pure grain is high 
enough to frighten any farmer, but 
when he is asked to pay grain prices 
for such stuff as the Geneva Station 
found in some of these mixtures it is 
time to get bold and get wise. 
A study of this bulletin will convince 
any man that many of these “com¬ 
pounded feeds” are confounded mix¬ 
tures of grain and trash put together 
for the purpose of working off a lot 
of stuff which could not possibly be 
sold by itself. For example, the Globe 
Elevator Co., of Buffalo, offers various 
feeds called “Standard A Bran”; “At 
White Middlings,” etc. It was found 
that this stuff consists of wheat bran, 
middlings, ground corncobs and weed 
seeds. If the ingredients were of av¬ 
erage composition each ton of this mix¬ 
ture contains about 500 pounds of corn¬ 
cobs. You are expected to pay $30 or 
more per ton for this trash. 
In some cases the mixed feed is called 
“chops,” or “corn and oats,” the inten¬ 
tion being to lead farmers to think that 
the feed is a plain mixture of these 
grains. The New York law does not 
require a license for the sale of whole 
grains, or whole grains ground to¬ 
gether, or ground grain unmixed. There¬ 
fore, when any mixed feed is sold un¬ 
der a guarantee you may be sure that 
it is not made from the entire grains 
alone. In most case.-, oat hulls arc used 
with it. This is very much like the 
use of muck or peat in fertilizers. The 
manufacturers get credit for the nitro¬ 
gen in the muck, while it is of no 
value to the crop. The oat hulls in¬ 
crease the proportion of “protein,” but 
they are so tough and contain so much 
fibre that they are practically indigesti¬ 
ble. The Geneva Station finds that 
equal parts of corn and oats ground 
together show a definite analysis. From 
figures taken at random from this bul¬ 
letin we have the following: 
Protein 
Fat 
Flbr 
Pure ( 
’orn and 
Oats 
10.5 
4.-1 
5.7 
“Corn 
and Oat 
Feed” 
8. 
2.43 
13.0 
"Corn 
and Oat 
Choi)” 
8.88 
4.04 
K.l” 
Jim Ini tidy Feed 
0.18 
2.44 
23. i; 
“Regul 
Chop” 
7.88 
4.10 
9.01 
Now, the evident intention in nam¬ 
ing these feeds was to make farmers 
think they were getting ground corn and 
oats. The large amount of “fibre” gives 
the whole scheme away. We know 
from these analyses that the mixers are 
stuffing in oat hulls and selling them 
at the price of whole oats. You might 
just as well buy a bag of peanut shells 
and expect your boy to be satisfied with 
them as to feed oat hulls to your stock. 
In this list we find a “stock feed” 
which we used to buy at $32 or more 
per ton. We find over eight per cent 
of fibre. We now grind who’e corn 
and oats at the farm, get more food 
in a ton, and save several dollars, be¬ 
sides knowing just what we have. 
There isn’t great hope for a man who, 
after studying this bulletin, will go on 
paying big prices for mixed feeds 
which contain oat hulls and ground 
corncobs 1 
This bulletin exposes another great 
fake in the so-called “molasses feeds.” 
There are several of these mixtures 
that arc worth the price, since they are 
THE RURAL NEW-YOKKER 
straight grain mixed with molasses. 
Most of them contain oat hulls, corn¬ 
cobs and trash swept up in the mills. 
It is claimed that mill and elevator 
sweepings made in Buffalo arc sold 
at $9 per ton. Buckwheat hulls, 
which are about as digestible as scraps 
of leather, arc put in, and the whole 
mess smeared with molasses. This 
“pudding” is then offered at $27 to 
$28 per ton. Aside from (he molasses 
this stuff is just about as valuable as 
the sweepings from your barn floor. 
You will find it all made clear in this 
valuable bulletin. For example, take 
the following: 
Protetri Fat Fibre 
G. 15. 3. 
Molasses Milk Feed F. 11.0!) 2.30 14.48 
<;. in. 4.6 
Badger Dairy Feed F. 13.08 4.10 10.15 
In this table G means what they 
guaranteed and F what the chemists 
found. In addition to falling below 
the guarantee these feeds contained oat 
hulls, buckwheat hulls, old straw and 
weed seeds. A fine mess to put before 
a cow and pav cash for! Yet hundreds 
of thousands of dollars have been paid 
for these foul mixtures when branded 
with some fancy name. It is a great 
injustice to honest and reputable feed 
dealers that this trash can be sold. The 
only way to stop it is through educa¬ 
tion which will show farmers how to 
separate the sheep from the goats. This 
bulletin does it. 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Unilor this hearting we endeavor to give advice 
ami suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains 
and fodders No dellnltu rules are given, but the 
advice Is based upon experience and averago 
analyses of foods. By * protein” Is meant tho 
elements in the food which go to make muscle or 
loan meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise the starch 
sugar, etc., which make l'at and provide Iuel for 
tho body, while “fat” Is tho pure oil found In 
foods. Pry matter” means tho weight of actual 
food loft in fodder or grain when all tho water is 
driven off. A “narrow ration" means one In which 
the proportion of protein to carbohydrates is dose 
—a “wide" ration means one which shows a larger 
proportion of carbohydrat •*. 
Cotton Seed for Figs. 
I am feeding some cattle with silage, 
snapped torn and about live pounds per 
head per day of cotton-seed meal. Can 
I have hogs run with these cattle without 
danger arising from the use of cotton-seed 
meal? h. w. 
Ohio. 
Although cotton-seed meal is not a 
safe feed for pigs when used in large 
quantities, evidence of its dangerous ef¬ 
fects on pigs following steers which are 
fed a ration composed largely of cotton¬ 
seed meal, is conflicting. The Jowa Ex¬ 
periment Station reported a lot of tlrree 
pigs followed steers for 17 weeks that 
were receiving from fetir to seven 
pounds of cotton-seed meal daily. They 
had very little feed except what they 
picked up behind the steers, yet no in¬ 
jurious effects could be seen. The Kan¬ 
sas Station reports a case of 40 pigs 
dying from the effects of following cot¬ 
ton-seed fed steers. We can only con¬ 
clude that cotton-seed meal for swine 
must be used with extreme caution. Its 
dangerous effects could no doubt be 
practically eliminated by feeding the 
pigs three-fourths of a ration of other ( 
feed, only allowing them to obtain one- 
fourth of their ration by following 
steers fed on cotton-seed meal. 
Balanced Dairy Ration. 
Please compound a bnlanced ration for 
milch cows out of the common feed stuffs. 
Wo feed mixed hay and silage without 
much corn in 11. We can lmy bran, corn- 
meal, oil meal, cotton seed, distillers' dried 
grains, buckwheat middlings, gluten, etc. 
We have to buy all our grain. u. u. s. 
Pennsylvania. 
Here is a balanced ration which will 
produce good results when carefully fed 
with 35 or 40 pounds of silage' and all 
the mixed hay the cows will eat: four 
pounds distillers’ dry grains; one pound 
buckwheat middlings; two pounds corn- 
meal; two pounds cotton-seed meal. Of 
course you will understand that under 
varying conditions different rations and 
different amounts must be used to pro¬ 
duce a satisfactory amount of milk at a 
moderate cost. As these different con¬ 
ditions cannot all be seen by anyone at a 
distance we can only make general sug¬ 
gestions, and each man must work out 
the details for himself. Watcli your 
cows carefully, and never feed any more 
than will be eaten up clean with a relish. 
During cold weather nearly as much de¬ 
pends upon the care cows receive as the 
feed. To do their best cows must be 
kept in good warm, well ventilated sta¬ 
bles which are free from draughts. They 
must also be kept clean and well bedded, 
as this adds to their comfort, and they 
must be comfortable to be profitable. 
Ration for Milch Cows. 
I have three Jersey and Jersey grade 
cows coming fresh in December arid Janu¬ 
ary. My roughage Is corn fodder (busked), 
oat straw and mixed hay. Will you give me 
a grain ration? The following la tho price 
nt local mill : Wheat middlings, per 100, 
$1.30; wheat bran, $1.30; corn meal, $1.50; 
buckwheat middlings, $1.35; cotton-seed 
meal, $1.85; oil, $1.85; oats, per bushel, 
50 cents. The milk is made into butter 
and sold to customers. w. h. 
Now York. 
Oat straw is a very poor feed for 
milch cows and should never be fed to 
cows far advanced in the period of ges¬ 
tation. Corn stover makes a fairly good 
feed if well cured and cut or shredded. 
I his should be fed alternately with yotir 
mixed bay, and if it is necessary to feed 
the oat straw wait until your cows have 
been fresh a few weeks, and then only 
feed it once a day. Buckwheat middlings 
are comparatively rich in protein, but 
very unpalatable, so it is necessary to 
feed them in small quantities mixed 
with other feeds. You can make a very 
good ration by mixing two pounds cot- 
ton-secd meal, one pound oil meal, one 
pound buckwheat middlings, one pound 
cornmcal and four pounds wheat bran. 
This is enough for an average 1,000- 
pound cow giving 12 to 14 quarts of milk 
per day. You should also feed all the 
cut cornstalks and mixed hay that will 
be eaten with a relish. c. s. greene. 
“Although I was late,” said the new 
boarder, “[ found the landlady had 
saved for me the tenderest part of the 
chicken. “What was that?” asked the 
obi boarder jealously. “Some of the 
gravy.”—Puck. 
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THE HIGH PRICES OF FEED 
SHOULD MAKE YOU INTERESTED IN 
ERGO PORTO RICO MOLASSES 
When Made Part of the Ration, Reduces Your 
Feed Bill 25% or More, Besides Putting Your Stock 
in the Best Possible Condition, Abolishes Colic, 
Removes Worms and Improves the Digestion. 
ERCO is high testing pure, unadulterated molasses and when 
mixed with grain and by-products of the farm makes a perfect ration. 
I housands now use it with marked success. Make your own molasses 
feed, save the manufacturers expense and know what you are feeding. 
Write for booklet giving full information. 
THE AMERICAN MOLASSES COMPANY OF NEW YORK. 
Ill WALL STREET, NEW YORK. 
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