A O 
T M K RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 18, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
KEEP THEM IN MIND. 
Do not forget that the following members 
of the New York Senate voted against Gov¬ 
ernor Hughes in his efforts to remove the 
Superintendent of Insurance. Let it he a 
part of your political duty to remember them 
and vote against them whenever you have 
the chance: 
JOTIIAM P. ALLDS.Norwich, N. Y. 
ALBERT T. FANCIIER. .Salamanca, N. Y. 
S. P. FRANCHOT_Niagara Falls, N. Y. 
S. PERCY HOOKER.LeRoy, N. Y. 
JOHN RAINES .Canandaigua, N. Y. 
SANFORD W. SMITH.Chatham, N. Y. 
\VM. J. TULLY.Corning, N. Y. 
HORACE WHITE .Syracuse, N. Y. 
BEN.T. M. WILCOX.Auburn, N. Y. 
JOSEPH ACKROYD .Ftica, N. Y. 
FRANK M. BOYCE...East Seliodack, N. Y. 
Injury from Lime and Sulphur. 
T. J. P., IF appingcr’8 Falla, N. Y .—In a 
late issue of the Farm Journal (Philadel¬ 
phia) I saw an article in regard to the 
scale, stating the lime-sulphur spray might 
save the tree, but it injured the fruit and 
it recommended the soluble oils in prefer¬ 
ence. I have not noticed anything in The 
R. N.-Y. about it, so would that be a good 
tiling for fruit growers to give opinions 
on ? 
Ans.—W e consider the Farm Journal 
statement too strong. The lime and sul¬ 
phur might injure buds or foliage if put 
on too late; but reports of such injury 
are seldom made. Can anyone give all 
the facts about any case of such injury? 
Reseeding the Alfalfa. 
F. M. C., Plainfield, N. J .—I have a nice 
field of Alfalfa, started last Summer, and 
it came up quite thick. I mowed it off once 
when it was just high enough to get above 
the knives. I understood from most author¬ 
ities that would thicken it. Now I see the 
great grass man, Mr. Clark, thinks it im¬ 
portant to get as thick a stand as possible. 
Why wouldn’t it be a good plan for me to 
sow over this piece of Alfalfa a thin layer 
of seed in the early Spring when surface of 
ground is slightly frozen? This is the way 
many people get fine catches of clover. This 
simply to get a thicker stand. Would I 
throw away my seed or not? 
Ans.—W e have had no experience. 
Who can tell us? We have been ad¬ 
vised to work over the Alfalfa with disk 
or Cutaway harrow and then sow the 
new seed. We doubt if Alfalfa seed 
sowed on top of the ground like clover, 
would amount to much. 
Rye Chaff for Mulching Trees. 
R. M. D., Robbinsville, N. J .—I am now 
busy carting rye chaff, thanks to your time¬ 
ly advice. I have 900 (coming four years 
old) peach trees. I want to use part of 
the chaff to mulch these trees. Shall I 
spread this chaff under the trees as I un¬ 
load it, and how heavy would you apply 
it? Would it. be well to wait until the 
ground freezes before spreading it? Would 
the chaff, if put. close around the trunks of 
trees, tend to harbor a great many field 
mice? They ruined about 50 trees for me 
last year. 
Ans.—W e should put 40 to 50 pounds 
of the chaff around each tree—a little 
farther out than the limbs extend. It 
would make no difference to us whether 
the ground were frozen or not. We are 
now, at odd times, hauling forest leaves 
around the trees. Do not pile the chaff 
close around the stem of the tree. The 
mice will he likely to work under it. 
Leave at least a foot of clear space 
around the tree, and if possible make a 
mound of coal ashes or earth around it. 
Crown Gall; Apples for New England. 
A. .1. i!/., Fitchburg, Mass .—Will you give 
me what information you can relative to 
what is called the crown gall on the apple 
tree? Just its habits, where it appears 
and, if possible, how controlled. Also, what 
is the best method of controlling the Woolly 
aphis of the apple? What do you say of 
the Sutton apple in New England as a com¬ 
petitor of the Baldwin? I have an orchard 
of 4,000 young apple trees of Wealthy, 
Gravenstein, McIntosh, Sutton and Baldwin, 
about equally divided. Will you give me 
your opinion of these five varieties for a 
commercial orchard? Also offer suggestions 
and make criticisms, as I shall set nearly as 
many more. 
Ans.—C rown gall is a fungus that at¬ 
tacks apple trees about where the root 
i> 11 u ii i< n it 11 
and body meet, or just under the ground. 
It forms a knot that seriously interferes 
with the growth of the tree, and al¬ 
though it may not kill it for many years, 
or never, it is a very great hindrance. 
The germs of the disease live in the 
ground, and so far as is known there is 
no practical way to destroy them or pre¬ 
vent them from affecting any trees that 
maybe planted where they exist. Most of 
the infection is chargeable to the nur¬ 
series, and all trees should be carefully 
inspected before being planted, and any 
diseased ones burned or returned to the 
nursery to be replaced. Woolly aphis 
is an insect that lives a dual life—part 
of the time above the ground, on the 
bodies of the trees, where they may be 
easily seen, and the rest of the year on 
the roots, where they can only be seen 
after digging and careful inspection. 
The knots on the roots caused by them 
are often like strings of coarse and ir¬ 
regular beads, and may be easily seen 
when once uncovered. The best remedy 
is tobacco. This may be applied in the 
form of dust on the exposed roots and 
the earth replaced. It is also a valuable 
manure. Sutton is a good apple and 
well suited to New England, and in my 
opinion, better than Baldwin. The list 
given is good and might well be dupli¬ 
cated in future plantings. Early Trans¬ 
parent might be added, but only to be 
used as a filler between the more tardy 
hearers, which is the proper way to 
plant Wealthy as well, because it is an 
early bearer and soon lowers its vitality 
by heavy crops. h. e. van deman. 
Plowing Orchards Fall or Spring. 
E. D. S., Albion, A 7 . Y.—Do you think 
it advisable to plow apple orchards in the 
Fail? 
The only advantage we find in Fall- 
plowing orchards is to lessen Spring 
plowing, when we should be busy spray¬ 
ing, except in an old Blue grass or other 
sod. W. HOPKINS. 
Yes, there is an advantage in Fall 
plowing of apple orchards over Spring 
plowing, beside gaining time in the 
Spring. Ground that is plowed in the 
late Fall does not freeze as deep as it 
would if not plowed. Take the road for 
an example; it will freeze twice as deep 
as the field. So an orchard that has 
had heavy loads drawn over it, and 
pickers and packers on it for weeks, will 
get packed down, and will freeze much 
deeper than it would if plowed late in 
Fall. Then, if you plow up to the trees 
(and you ought not to plow away from 
them in the Fall), the first furrow on 
each side of the row will be on top of 
the ground by the tree, and so will get a 
double depth right over the roots close 
to the tree, which makes a good pro¬ 
tection to these roots. Then another ad¬ 
vantage is, the water will not stand 
around the tree and damage it. Young 
orchards should always be plowed in the 
Fall, for these reasons. delos tenny. 
I believe plowing orchards in the Fall 
is an injury to trees, as it leaves the 
small roots on top of the ground, and 
soil loose, so that the frost will pene¬ 
trate deeper and injure the roots, and 
also lose plant food, which would not 
occur if there was a cover crop. 
w. d. auchter. 
First, that we may gain time in 
Spring. Second, roots cut off in Fall 
will not have to start twice. You can¬ 
not plow in Spring before fine roots 
start, and one should break off shear of 
plow point so not to cut off all the fine 
roots; they are our feeders. Third, 
plowing in Fall will catch all leaves 
which we think is important as humus, 
and also mice do not like plowed 
ground. Fourth, the ground will not 
freeze so deep. collamer bros. 
Plowing orchards in the Fall, that is, 
sod orchards, if they are plowed shal¬ 
low would, I think, be a great advantage, 
if they cannot be plowed in the Spring. 
I should prefer to have them plowed in 
the Fall rather than not to have them 
plowed at all. but at the same time, 
would prefer the Spring work, followed 
by thorough cultivation or dragging 
once a week until about the first of July; 
then I would follow with a clover crop, 
using the Mammoth clover. 
Orleans Co., N. Y. albert wood. 
111} u u in 11 i 111»11 if 111 ■ ill II l Hi 1: 11 
LEALFA 
makes a tremendous growth if 
fertilized with 
POTASH 
When properly fed—witn a fertilizer 
rich in Potash—twice or three times the 
average yield of succulent, nutritious 
hay is obtained. 
Let us send you our free book, which tells you exactly what increase the 
farmers have gotten with it. From cover to cover, the book is filled with 
money-making facts. Write to-day and learn all about it. Address 
GERMAN KALI WORKS 
New York—93 Nassau Street Chicago—Monadnock Building 
Atlanta, Ga.—1224 Candler Building 
The BURPEE IDEA 
is “to try all things, hold fast to those that 
are good,—and then make them better!” If 
you would have pleasure or profit from your 
garden you should plant 
the BEST SEEDS that Can be Grown ! 
Shall we mail you a copy of “The Leading American Seed Catalog”'! It is an elegant 
book of 172 pages and is mailed only to those who can appreciate the BUIU’EK (QUALITY 
in Seeds. Most Important Novelties for 1908 —sixteen of which are shown painted from 
nature. Write TO-DAY! 
W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO., Seed Growers, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
(Bargains in Plum Trees, 
Vines and Plants 
Special low prices on Apple, Peach, Plum and Dwarf Pear Trees, 
Roses, also Asparagus Roots, Currant Bushes and other small fruits. 
Order trees direct from our nursery and save agent’s profits and 
half your money. 
Everything you want for Orchard, Garden, Dawn or Park. Send 
to-day for Green’s Dollar Book on Fruit Growing, also for our Fruit 
Catalog, and a copy of Green’s Fruit Magazine, all a gift to you. 
PDrril’O 0 IIIDI C nCCCO • One Elberta Peach Tree, 
UnLLn U U Am ILL Ur I L II. Bush, one C. A. Green New 
Live-Forever Rose Bush, all delivered at your house by mail for 25 cents 
GREEN’S NURSERY COMPANY, Rochester, N. Y 
Rod 
Cross 
Currant 
r ne 
hit© 
Grape 
Vine 
me 
IOO 
Box 
The Sower Has 
No Second. Chance 
Good sense says make the most 
of the first. 
FERRY’S 
TV’S S 
ness the largest in the world—merit tells. 
Ferry's Seed Annual for 1908 
tells the whole Seed Story—sent FREE for 
the asking. Don’t sow 6eeds till you get it. 
D. M. FERRY & CO., Detroit, Mich. 
CCEI1Q THAT 00 NOT DISAPPOINT 
|l L L U |J Sold on The Ford Plan, which guar- 
w *““** , ^ antees satisfaction and saves yon 
money on every purchase. Our catalog tells about 
it, gives descriptions and low prices on Best varie¬ 
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Trees, Shrubs and Small Fruit Plants Contains 
lots of testimonials from our customers. It’s free. 
FORD SEED CO., Dept. 24, Kavenna.Ohio 
FARM SEEDS 
Medium, Mammoth, Alsike, Alfalfa, Clovers, clean 
and true to name. Timothy, ete., of extra quality. 
Direct to farmers. Price list. Write. 
0. C. SHEPARD CO., 37 J Street, Medina, Ohio. 
I 
mm 
110 VARIETIES 
STRAWBERRIES 
If you want Straw berry 1’hints 
the best, strongest, most vigor¬ 
ous and most prolific that can be 
grown in a good, favored 
strawberry climate, I am sell¬ 
ing that kind at reasonable 
prices. Millions of them packed 
to carry anywhere. Also other 
small fruit plants and special 
seeds. My Free Catalogue tells 
about them and gives the price. 
If Interested, write for it today. 
Address 
YV. F. ALLEN 
51 Market St. Salisbury. Md. 
TREES 
By (j 
Acres. Established 1869. 
Never have had San Jose 
Seale. “ Not the cheapest, 
but the best.” Catalog free. 
Geo. A. Sweet Nursery Co•, D»nsvnie, , N.Y. 
Booklet on CATALPA TREES 
Let me tell you about the 150 acres 
I am growing for Telephone Poles. 
This wood takes the place of Ash and Hickory for Car¬ 
riage-makers’ uses. Beats farming Two to One. _ 
II. C. KOGEUS, Box 11, Meclianicsburg, Ohio 
Paper Pots 
for all early vegetables, $1 per 1000 . Send 
for cir. I*. B. Crosby A Son, Catonsville, Md. 
STRAWBERRIES 
1.000.000 l n 20 °\ tbe B 1 e8t Varieties 
lyvvvyvw f or niar i {e t an d garden. 
Send for descriptive Catalog of 
GENERAL NURSERY STOCK. 
JOS, H. BLACK,SON&CO. Hlghistown, N, J. 
M EW STRAWBERRY — BOUNTIFUL. 
“Plants very vigorous;’’ “Good yielder;" “Fruit 
very large;” "Firm.-” "Attractive;” “Good in 
flavor and quality.” The above extracts are from 
Experiment Station reports and embrace all tbe 
essentials of a good home or market berry. 75 other 
var. Cat.free. Konridge Fruit Farm,Box5,CIHfwood,N.J. 
II VCD CTDAMfDCDDV — <he Grcntcit Market 
mien o i nflnDcnn ■ variety in uei»»»ie. 
D. S. MYER & SON, Bridgeville, Delaware, 
■US GRAPEVINES 
fi 1* V urlitlcs. A Iso Small Fruits. Trees, Ac. Bestltoot- 
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Descriptive price-list free. Lewi. Koeseb.Box K ,Eredonla,N.v 
DIAMOND JOE’S BIO WHITE. Earliest Maturing Big Eared Corn in 
the world. Made H6 bushels per acre. It costs but 25 cents per acre 
for seed. Big illustrated catalog of seed corn and all kinds of Farm 
and Garden Seeds mailed FHEE if you mention this paper. 
RATEKIN’S SEED HOUSE, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 
(LARGEST SEED CORN GROWERS IN THE WORLD.) 
SEED CORN_ 
ROGERS TREES “EIT THE I ARFI S ” Why not plant safe trees once more? 
nUuLlIu I II LLu III IflLLMDCLOi rogers-ON-THE-HILL, Dansville, New York. 
DCAPU and CDIIIT 
rCAuVI other rflUl I I itcco fa! ! to sentfpROMPTLY for 
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ORNAMENTAL STOCK. Remember early orders get first attention. 
BARNES BROS. NURSERY CO., Box 8, Yalesville, Conn. 
s 
TRAWBERRY PLANTS THAT GROW, berry. Blackberry, Currant and Grape 
Plants, and Asparagus Roots in assortment. All stock warranted true to name and or 
f ratio represented or your money refunded. Descriptive Catalog with “Instructions How to Grow, 
ree. C. E. WHITTEN’S NURSERIES, Bridgman, (Box 11,) Michigan. 
i * r i 
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