126 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
February 15, 
Ruralisms 
The American Breeders' Associa¬ 
tion. —The fourth annual convention of 
the American Breeders’ Association, re¬ 
cently held at Washington, D. C., was 
largely attended and most successfully 
conducted in every particular. The ses¬ 
sions occupied three days of busy work, 
during which over 70 essays, addresses 
and reports, covering every feature of 
plant and animal breeding, were read and 
discussed. The Association came into 
being as a practical result of the Inter¬ 
national Hybridization Conference held 
in New York in 1902, and under the 
efficient leadership of Prof. Willet M. 
Hays, now Assistant Secretary of the 
United States Department of Agricul¬ 
ture, the organization has gained in 
favor and prestige until it now may be 
regarded as well representing the gigan¬ 
tic public interests of plant and animal 
improvement, probably the most sub¬ 
stantial factors of our National prosper¬ 
ity. The membership numbers over 
1,000 of the most intelligent breeders 
of the country, and is steadily gaining. 
It includes also many earnest students 
of the intricate problems of human as 
well as plant and animal heredity, and 
active workers in all forms of scientific 
research connected with products of the 
soil. The proceedings of these annual 
conventions, published in the yearly re¬ 
port, contain, in consequence, much in¬ 
formation of the greatest value to 
farmers and others interested in the de¬ 
velopment of larger crops, better vege¬ 
tables, finer fruits, more beautiful 
flowers, faster and stronger horses, 
more productive dairy cattle, bigger 
porkers, more business-like hens, longer- 
wooled sheep, daintier pet stock and in 
general more useful and agreeable types 
of such forms of organic life as appear 
susceptible to the influence of man. In 
these reports are found information as 
to the most successful methods of hy¬ 
bridizing and selecting for useful im¬ 
provement seeds of important farm 
crops and vegetables, the technique for 
developing better fruits and finer flow¬ 
ers, for breeding for vigor and disease 
resistance, and for mating all kinds of 
live stock and even undomesticated ani¬ 
mals to fix desirable characteristics 
and to produce new and interesting re¬ 
sults. It may be obtained by forward¬ 
ing the yearly membership fee of one 
dollar to Prof. Hays, care Department 
of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. All 
persons interested in the development of 
plant and animal life are eligible and 
are invited to join the Association- 
The Value of Scientific Research. 
—While the majority of the members 
of the Association are practical breed¬ 
ers, engaged in daily consideration of 
their several problems, there . are in¬ 
cluded many scientists who approach the 
obscure features of heredity from the 
side of pure theoretical research. Their 
contributions are expressed in technical 
phraseology that may puzzle the be¬ 
ginner but appear necessary for clear 
understanding of the subjects consid¬ 
ered. The meanings of such terms as 
M’endelian law, De Vricsian mutation, 
heterozygote, gamete and chromo¬ 
some are easily learned and express 
quite exact ideas of certain theories and 
objects. No farmer practically inter¬ 
ested in crop or stock improvement need 
object to the space given these theoreti¬ 
cal investigations as by this means a 
substantial foundation for progress may 
in time be constructed. The seed 
grower wants to know why “rogues” or 
inferior forms constantly appear in his 
most carefuly selected strains. The 
poultry breeder would like to know the 
reasons why he cannot always breed his 
rose comb and single comb fowls true 
to the standard, and why he must ever 
expect that one-half of the individuals 
of all his broods of Blue Andalusian 
fowls shall be black and white instead 
of the typical slaty tint of this most dis- 
tinct 
variety. 
The cow 
man, 
the 
horse 
man, 
and the 
sheep 
man 
also 
want 
a firmer 
basis 
on 
which to work for the continued im¬ 
provement of breeds they are interested 
in. The Breeders’ Association brings to¬ 
gether the practical worker and the 
scientific investigator, correlating ex¬ 
perience and correcting theory to the 
advantage of both. 
A Busy Meeting. —The range of sub¬ 
jects was so large and certain of the 
contributions so lengthy that only by the 
utmost diligence could the programme 
be carried out, but it was most success¬ 
fully accomplished. The only untoward 
incident was uncalled-for criticism of 
Governor Hughes of New York for his 
most commendable attitude favoring the 
abolition of race track gambling in his 
State. Some of the horse breeders ap¬ 
peared to think that public racing, with 
its attendant evils, is necessary for their 
encouragement, but it is evident the 
Governor is right in the matter. If the 
breeding of speedy horses as a business 
cannot survive the suppression of the 
glaring evils of race-track gambling, the 
sooner it ceases the better, but there is 
no fear that the production of really 
useful horses would in any degree be 
checked by the total extinction of racing, 
even if it were possible or in other 
ways desirable. Sufficient incentive 
would remain in legitimate agricultural 
prizes for speed, in reasonable commer¬ 
cial profits and in the natural desire of 
every worthy breeder constantly to raise 
the standard of his product. 
The American Carnation Society 
met at same time and place, holding 
joint sessions on one or two occasions. 
This union of interests was most ap¬ 
propriate as the carnation, of all popu¬ 
lar flowers, owes its rapid and high de¬ 
velopment to methodical, and in some 
cases really scientific breeding toward 
clearly recognized ideals. The exhi¬ 
bition of carnation blooms in old and 
new varieties was magnificent, probably 
excelling any hitherto made. The range 
of coloring is being constantly extended 
and the flowers increased in size, pro¬ 
ductiveness and finish. w. V. F. 
Pine Shaving in Manure. 
O. B. I)., Beloit, Wis .—I have seen ques¬ 
tions about manure mixed with pine shav¬ 
ings. I used such one year on my pea 
ground and lost nearly the crop. 
Ans. —We have varying reports about 
the use of pine shavings in manure. 
When there is trouble it usually comes 
from an acid in the shavings. It would 
probably be worse on crops like peas 
or clover than on corn, as the latter does 
not seem to be so badly affected by a 
sour soil. When the shavings are left 
long enough in the manure so that they 
absorb the liquids the acids are largely 
neutralized, and there is no trouble. 
Plowing Under Straw. —As I have 
had a good deal of experience with haul¬ 
ing straw on the field to plow under for 
manure I will give you my experience 
with it. It will save a good deal of 
work to leave the straw in the pile a 
year or two, so as to get more brittle 
and rotted, and I give the preference to 
a windy day, if I can, and if I want to 
haul it freshly stacked I haul it not later 
than February 1 to plow under for corn 
the next Spring, and by leaving the rol¬ 
ling coulter in down about three inches 
it spreads the rest of the straw, so that 
it will plow under better than manure, 
even if the straw is not spread open 
nearly as well as you spread barnyard 
manure open from the wagon as we do 
the whole year around here. We take 
it directly out of the barn to the field. 
We load our manure in the barn. We 
always use a one-man hay rack, size 8x16 
feet, and six feet high to haul our loose 
straw to scatter open in the field. One 
man can cover two acres a day. 
Ghent, Minn. e. c. d. 
THE DEYO 
POWER SPRAYER 
It is protected from spray mixture. Our3-H.P. 
air-cooled engine can he easily detached and used 
where ever power is needed. Six years of success. 
Ask the user. Write for catalog 19. 
R. H. DEYO 6 COMPANY., Binghamton, N. Y. 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns 
big profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
practical fruit grow- 
! ers we were using common 
: sprayers in our own orchards 
j —found their defects and 
j invented the Eclipse. Its 
; success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a Iarpa scale. 
You take no chances. We 
have done all the experi¬ 
menting. Large fully illustrated Catalog 
and Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY, Benton Harbor, Mich. 
DEMING 
Hand, Knapsack, Barrel and Power Sprayers 
for the poultry man, fruit¬ 
grower, farmer and orchar- 
dist. Each type perfectly 
adapted to its purpose. 
Every style built as strong 
and serviceable as It’s 
possible to build It. 
W or king parts of 
brass to resist ch emleal 
action—18 different styles. 
Write for Nineteen Eight 
Catalogue and “Expert 
Testimony”—free. Much 
i n them you should know. 
THE DEMING COMPANY 
615 Depot St.. Salem. Ohio 
SPRAYER 
Hurst Potato and Orchard Sprayer. 
NO MONEY IN ADVANCE 
Pay Us After It Has Paid Por Itself. 
Doubles your crop. Sprays every¬ 
thing. Pushes easy, gives nign pressure 
from ii6-in. wheel. Sprays 4 rows potatoes 
or truck at a time.—Also first class tree 
sprayer. Strong and Durable. Guaran¬ 
teed 5 years. Wholesale price (where 
no agent). Needn’t send acent in advance. 
FITZ-AEI, BARREL SPRAYER, for 
orchards. It’s strong reliable and efficient. 
HORSE-POWER SPRAYER, for or¬ 
chards, Potatoes, Vineyards, etc. For the 
big growers. Most complete machine 
made. These sprayers and others sold 
on same liberal plan, not a cent in advance. 
Cut out machine you pre- 
ferand mail with address 
and get Spraying Guide 
Catalog & specialEree 
Sprayer offer for first , 
in each locality. Be first' 
and save money. H. L. 
Hurst Mfg. Co., 7 North 
Street, Canton, Ohio. 
Make Plowing Easy 
r-The ~ 
I Wonder 
Plow 
Trucks 
Make 
Hard Work Easy 
Attach to 
any walking 
plow — one 
or two-horse, right or left hand, wood or 
steel beam. They regulate depth and width 
of furrow, and lighten the draft on horses at 
least one-third. The furrow wheel acts like 
a pivot, just like wheel of wheelbarrow. You 
do not touch your hands to the plow, except 
in turning at end of furrow. Your twelve- 
year-old boy can plow with the Trucks as well 
as a man. You don’t need to take our word 
for this —test them yourself at our risk. 
Greatest money-maker for agents ever put 
on the market. They sell on sight. Big 
profits and good territory still open. We give 
a sample set of Trucks free to all new agents. 
Retail price only $5.00. Write at once for 
full particulars. 
WONDER PLOW COMPANY, 
327 Factory St., St. Clair, Mich. 
Increase Crops in Orchard and Field with 
THE auto-spray 
It is guaranteed to be the most power¬ 
ful, easily operated, economical hand 
sprayer made. With it a boy outworks 
three men with ordinary device. Used 
by U. S. Government and State Experi- 
| ment Stations. Fitted with Auto- 
Pop Nozzle itis equal to large opera- 
tionsas wellassmali. Writeifyou want 
I agency. Spraying Calendar Free. 
|fc.C.BrownCo.. g8J»y st. Rochester, A. Y. 
IT PAYS TO 
SPRAY 
The Iron Age 4-row Sprayer 
gives perfect satisfaction. Puts solu¬ 
tion just where needed and in fog¬ 
like mist. Pump delivers spray under 
high pressure, thusreachingevery 
part of vine, effectually kill 
mg bugs and prevent ing 
blight. Has Orchard 
Spraying attach¬ 
ment. Write for 
free Catalog 
illustrating 
Sprayer 
and 
other 
Iron Age 
Tools. 
A postal brings 
It. write today. 
BATEMAN MFG. CO.,Box 1Q2S,Grenloch, N.J. 
CUTAWAY TOOLS FOR LARGE HAY CROPS 
Clark’s Reversible 
Bush & Bog Plow 
Cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 
1 ft. deep. Will plow 
a new cut forest. His 
double action Cutaway 
Harrow keeps land true, 
moves 1800 tons of earth, 
cuts 30 acres per day. 
JOINTED POLE CUTA 
SENDFOR 
CIRCULARSTOTHt S—_ 
CUTAWAY 
HARROW tXJ 
CO.. Q 
HICGANUM. r-gj 
CONN.U.S.Ay* * 1 ^ 
DOUBLE ACTION 
NO 
CC MORE 
“Cf USE 
C3 for f 
C_3 PLOW. 
Jointed Pole takes all the weight off Horses 
and keeps their heels away from the Disks. 
His Rev. Disk Plow cuts a 
furrow 5 to 10 in. deep, 14 
in. wide. All Clark’s ma- 
chines will kill witch-grass, 
“1 wild mustard, charlock, 
hardback, sunflower, milk¬ 
weed, thistle or any foul 
plant. 
WONDERFUL INVENTION 
Clark’s Mould Board Disk Plow 
From 2 to 12 ft. wide. Tile only disk plow that will 
turn sod and stubble land. Send for circulars to the 
CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 39 Main St., Hlgganum, Ct. 
Cutaway Harrow Co. Tools are sold by me. Sales Agt. 
for four Counties. J. A. McPherson, Leltoy. N.Y, 
r THE NIAGARA SPRAYER COMPANY, middleport, n. y. 
MANUFACTURERS OF 
The Niagara Gas Sprayer, 
Niagara Brand Lime&Sulphur Solution, 
Niagara Brand Ready Bordeaux, 
Niagara Brand Arsenate of Lead. 
The Power Sprayer without a pump. Is the cheapest in price, best in quality, sim¬ 
plest in operation, and with proper use would last a lifetime. Equipped with aluminum 
fittings. ‘ Best on earth.” The Niagara Brand Lime and Sulphur Solution which has 
become so famous In killing Scale in Oregon, Washington, and California: no sediment: 
all ready for use. Write for circulars and price list of our complete line of sprayers and spraying materials. 
NIAGARA SPRAYER CO., Middleport, N. Y. 
Mr. Edwin C. Tyson, of Flora Dale, Pa., is agent for the State of Penna. for Niagara Gas Sprayers. 
HAS MADE SPRAYING EASY K5S'7r y e £!? lect 
[ORDER \ 
A 
\barrel | 
i NO* { 
. The N. Y. Herald, November 17, ’07, says; * The chances are about a hundred 
to one that you have the San Jose Scale on your place and do not know it,” and 
advises the use of SCALECIDE.” This is good advice. “ SCALECIDE ” has 
been tested and tried, and found thoroughly effective. The same yesterday, 
anc ^ a H fhe time. One gallon makes 15 to 20, ready to use, by simply 
adding water. 
our 
Prices: leal., 81.00; 5gal.. 83.25; 10 gal., 6.00; 50gal. bbl., 825.00, F. O. B 
factory, Order to-day. Write for booklet N and free sample. _ 
B. G. PRATT CO., 
II Broadway, New 
Mfg. Chemists, 
York City. 
