144 
THIS RURAL) NEW-YORKER 
February 2^ 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking n question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
KEEP THEM IN MIND. 
Do not forget that the following members 
of the New York Senate voted against Gov¬ 
ernor Hughes in his efforts to remove the 
Superintendent of Insurance. Let it be a 
part of your political duty to remember them 
and vote against them whenever you have 
the chance: 
JOTIIAM P. ALLDS.Norwich, N. Y. 
ALBERT T. PANCHDR..Salamanca, N. Y. 
S. r. FRANCHOT_Niagara Falls, N. Y. 
S. PERCY HOOKER.LeRoy, N. Y. 
JOHN RAINES .Canandaigua, N. Y. 
SANFORD W. SMITH.Chatham, N. Y. 
WM. J. TULLY.Corning, N. Y. 
HORACE WHITE .Syracuse, N. Y. 
BENT, M. WILCOX.Auburn, N. Y. 
JOSEPH ACKROYD .Utica, N. Y. 
FRANK M. BOYCE... East Schodack, N. Y. 
Getting Rid of Garlic. 
O. M. C., Ardmore, Pa .—How am I to get 
rid of garlic in a sod field? The sod is an 
old one of Blue grass, and I would not like 
to plow it if possible to avoid. I use it for 
cow pasture, but in the Spring and for aev- 
eral months the garlic Is so bad I cannot 
use the milk or sell it. 
Ans. —It is doubtful if you can thor¬ 
oughly clean out the garlic without 
plowing the sod and giving thorough 
culture. If you had the time to dig out 
the garlic with a sharp flat steel at the 
end of a long stick, or kill it with salt 
or carbolic acid, you might get rid of 
it, but thorough cultivation is the prac¬ 
tical way. 
Apples and Pears for New York. 
O. S. A., IloUcy, N. Y .—I am about to 
order trees for 15 acres. What do you 
think of the following list: Five acres 
pears, one-third Kieffers and two-thirds 
Bartletts. Apples as follows : Hubbardston, 
Twenty Ounce. Baldwins, Greenings, about 
75 of each. Of the following about 30 
each : Macintosh, Maiden Blush. About 
20 each of the following : Duchess, Wealthy, 
and some Wolf River. Would you correct 
the list? It seems that 40 feet apart is 
rather close when you look at the bearing 
orchards here. How would 45 feet do, 
with one of the early maturing kinds in the 
cheek? I did think of setting three peaches 
to one of apple, but if I set one In check 
could set as many of peaches as apples. 
How will 20 feet do for pears? 
Ans. —We think the list of pears is all 
right for that section, hut list of varie¬ 
ties of apples is too large for a 10-acre 
orchard. We would not advise setting 
peaches among the apples, because if the 
early bearing method of growing an 
apple orchard is to be followed, in 
spraying the apple trees with Bordeaux 
enough of the spray material would 
blow on the peach trees to injure the 
foliage seriously. Successful apple 
orchards have been grown with peach 
trees between, but we do not think it 
something to be advised, but prefer the 
planting to be solid of apples. Set the 
permanent trees 50 feet apart of varie¬ 
ties like Baldwin, Greening, Hubbard¬ 
ston and possibly Maiden Blush, and 
then set three fillers to each permanent 
tree. Twenty Ounce, Wagener, Mc¬ 
Intosh, Duchess, Wealthy and Wolf 
River are all good fillers, being rather 
dwarf growing trees, but would advise 
making number of varieties as small as 
possible. We would set Twenty Ounce 
as one of the fillers, and the choice of 
the others would be between McIntosh, 
Wagener an’d Wolf River. Duchess and 
Wealthy have both been largely set 
past few years. We are not sure but 
that Rome Beauty would be a desir¬ 
able apple for the section; it certainly 
has a lot of good points. 
Water for Electric Power. 
M. N. C., Billings, Montana .—A small 
stream runs past our packing ground. We 
are building a drain for irrigation purposes 
and having more water than will be needed 
for Irrigation, would like to know whether 
the surplus water is sufficient to operate a 
lighting plant like that described in Mr. 
Van Wagenen’s article. The water avail¬ 
able for power would vary with the season 
from 10 to 50 miner’s inches, the head is 
about 10 feet, possibly 12 feet. A water 
wheel could he located within 600 feet of 
the packing house to be lighted. By raising 
the dam it is probable there would be avail¬ 
able for power purposes a constant water 
supply equivalent to 20 miner's inches with 
a fall of 10 feet. We would be pleased to 
get an estimate on the cost of installing a 
wheel and dynamo and complete equipment 
for electric lighting, provided the water 
supply is sufficient for the purpose. 
Ans. —In estimates of water-power, the 
universal custom is to calculate the amount 
of water available as so many cubic feet 
per minute. This is a definite and exact 
standard and in practice the amount may 
be pretty closely determined by the use 
of a weir dam, i. e., an arrangement 
whereby the stream is caused to flow in 
a smooth ribbon over a thin lip such as 
the edge of a board. Then by measuring 
the depth and width of the stream and 
the use of tables which have been pre¬ 
pared by engineers, it is possible to esti¬ 
mate how much water flows in a moment 
of time. For example, if the stream flow¬ 
ing over the weir is two feet wide and 
five inches deep, it will pass about 107 
cubic feet per minute. The “miner’s inch” 
is a unit used in the western States, but 
unfortunately it varies in different local¬ 
ities. It has been a subject of statutory 
regulation in the irrigating States, but as¬ 
suming an average of the amounts meant 
by that term in Colorado and Cali¬ 
fornia, 20 miner’s inches will probably 
mean a flow of about 30 cubic feet 
per minute. This amount under 12 feet 
head would furnish only about one-half 
horse-power and it is doubtful if there 
is any wheel small enough to use this 
amount economically. However, if there 
is a dam available so that this flow 
could all be retained for say 20 hours 
and then all used during the next four, it 
would permit a flow of ISO cubic feet or 
enough to furnish about three horse¬ 
power, which would light at least 30 
lamps of the usual 16 candle-power type. 
Oi if a proper wheel can he obtained, 
it would supply 15 lamps for eight hours. 
To store this amount of water would re¬ 
quire a pond covering about lji acres 
to a depth of one foot. The expense of 
power installation would vary widely de¬ 
pending to some extent upon the style 
of wheel but far more upon the length 
of race-way and conductors required and 
upon the amount of excavation needed 
to make a suitable tail-race and wheel 
pit • Remember that the available head 
means the difference in level between the 
surface of the water in the flume and 
the surface of the water in the tail-race 
when the wheel is in operation. Esti¬ 
mated heads are commonly disappointing 
when actually measured. For this amount 
of water a conductor 14 inches in dia¬ 
meter will be right, and under this low 
head it may be made of wood, which is 
much cheaper than iron. 
For thirty lamps at 600 feet distance. 
No. 5 insulated copper wire will be sat- j 
isfactory. It would require 1,200 feet I 
of this weighing about 153 pounds and | 
now costing at wholesale from 18 to 20 | 
cents per pound. A suitable speed gov- j 
ernor for the wheel will cost $75 at 
the factory. If the same number of 
lights are always to be used, the gover¬ 
nor may possibly be dispensed with, but 
this will not do if lights are to be turned 
off and on. In a packing house where ap¬ 
pearance is not important, the wiring 
would probably be open work carried on 
porcelain knobs or cleats fastened to the 
rafters or wooden partitions. This style 
of work is very cheap and can be done 
at a net expense of about $1 per 
lamp, including rosette, socket and lamp. 
Interior house wiring, where they must 
be concealed under floors and in parti¬ 
tions is very much more expensive. Any 
close estimate of cost will of course be 
possible only when one is on the ground 
and can know all conditions. The power 
end of the proposition will vary within 
the widest possible limits. The electric 
end can be pretty closely estimated. 
Chandeliers, measuring instruments and 
handsome switch-boards run into money 
very fast. jared van wagenen, jr. 
Harrison's Guaranteed 
BIT TREES 
Because They Thrive Best, 
Bear Soonest, and Produce 
Largest Crops of Top-Price 
Fruits. 
That is an actual fact. Harrison’s trees 
and plants are the best that can be pro¬ 
duced. There is no doubt about it— 
thousands of the most successful fruit 
Send for Catalog 
Today. 
growers in the country will tell you the same thing. 
We started on a Quality basis and have stuck to it for a 
fourth of a century. You can imagine what sort of trees two 
generations of careful and constant improving has produced. 
We Will Quote You Satisfactory Prices On 
Apple, Peach, Pear, Plum and Cherry Tree* 
all budded from bearing stock. Also 
Strawberry Plants, Grape Vine* and Ornamentals 
We have no “cheap” or “job-lot” offerings to make. Every 
tree and plant is guaranteed but is sold at a fair price, because we 
operate a tract of 1,000 acres, and labor conditions are more favorable ia 
our section than in any other part of the country. 
Let us explain these things to you more fully: 
MILLIONS OF APPLE TREES 
over 100 varieties, from earliest to latest ripenings, including: Yellow 
Transparent, Williams’ Early Red, Fourth of July, Red Astrachan, Nero, 
Albemarle Pippin, M. B. Twig, Jonathan, Baldwin, Stayman’s, and other 
specials. 
100 VARIETIES OF PEACHES 
representing nine ripenings, home grown on new soil, in the ideal peach 
climate of Maryland. Some of the leaders are: Carman, Belle of Georgia, 
Elberta, Champion, Moore’s Favorite, Crawford Late, Smock, Salway, 
Wonderful, and Bilyeu. 
SAFE DELIVERY TO ALL POINTS 
AND SATISFACTION GUARANTEED 
SEND US YOUR NAME AND ADDRESS 
and we will promptly forward you our large, handsome new catalog, which 
you ought to have for comparison, whether you buy from us or not. We’ll 
also send you proofs of the Quality of Harrison stock—opinions from men 
who know. 
Remember, we are headquarters for Fruit Trees and Ornamental Trees. 
We want your patronage and we will show you that we deserve it. Write 
at once for particulars 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, Box 29, Berlin, Md. 
FRUIT TREES ReIiable ' Hardy, J* Trees 
I II 11%. ■■ ■■ Some now features in our 1908 catalog. It is free. 
, .... A diagram, explanatory of the FILLER System, 
employed by western N. Y. planters. A brief history of one of the most remarkable 10-year-old 
apple orchards in Niagara County, showing the product for the past 5 years and its valno. 
H • S. WILEY & SON, Drawer 13, Cayuga, N. Y. 
F 
RUIT TREES and SMALL FRUIT Plants 
" 1 ■ - ■■■ ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS & ROSES. 
The largest and best fruit growers in the country say our trees and plants are the best and 
Send for catalog ; T. B. West, Maple Bend Nursery, lock box 287, Perry, 0. 
ROGERS TREES “FIT THE LABELS.” JE£SW5LS*t lfl “ ■** ? 
_ ROGERS-ON-THE-HILL, Dansville, New York. 
$6,000 P APPLES. 
You can do as well if you plant York 
fcU§^State trees, which are free from disease. 
If you want the best trees grown, send for 
Woodlawn Nurseries New Catalogue. 
ALLEN L. WOOD, Rochester, N.Y. 
New Canaan Nurseries. 
APPLE and PEACH TREES in large quan¬ 
tities. All young, thrifty and healthy. Also a 
large stock of Forest, Ornamental and Ever¬ 
green Trees. Shrubs. Roses, Vines, Berries 
and Asparagus. A full assortment of every¬ 
thing in our line. Send for our Illustrated 
Catalogue. Address 
STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS CO. 
_NEW CANAAN, CONN,_ 
Over Half a Century of Pair Defiling 
has given our products that prominence 
which merit deserves. Everything of 
tho best for Orchard. Vineyard. Lawn, 
Pork, Street, Garden and Green bouse. 
Catalogue No. 1, 112 pages, 
■FREE to purchasers of Fruit 
Sin (iOrmirai-u tal Trees. 8h ru hs, 
etc. No. 2. 168 pages. FREE to 
| buyers of Seeds. Bulbs, Bases, Palms. 
Kerns, Geraniums and Greenhouse 
Plants in genernl. Immense stock of 
Superb and Choice CAN.VVS, the 
queen of bedding plants. Seeds, Bulbs, Boses. Plants, 
etc., by muil, postpaid, safe arrival und satisfaction 
guaranteed; larger by express or freight. Direct deal 
will insure you tho best and save you money. Try it. 
years. 1200 acres, 44 greenhouses. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO. 
BOX 187, PAINESVILLE, OHIO, 
CARETS Plants and Trees 
Evory reader should see my 190* catalogs 
got my prices; read about my splendid 
new fruits; many customers net 
$300.00 Per Acre Annually 
No rink to run. 80C.,ore farm ,n<i Hums fr. 
etteloK toll, All. I prove In T stock by Bonding you 
bee * Vine BUckberiy liuihn. Write todny. 
W, N. Scartt,New Carlisle, O. 
pEACH TREES—4 cts. each, Elberta, etc: free 
A. catalogue of all kipds of Nursery Stock. Wood¬ 
bine Nurseries, W. A. Allen & Sou, Genova, Ohio. 
^TRAWRFRRY PLANTS-Chipman and Myer, 
O I lift ti D L il It I two of our best. All the good 
old sorts too. 26 th annual catalogue free. 
SHAY MAKE It & SON, Dover. DeL 
FREE 
BOOK 
Beautifully 
Illustrated 
Mighty 
Interesting 
If yon want to know how to grow big crops of big 
red strawberries and how to get big prices, send for 
onr 1908 book. It tellsali about soil preparation, set¬ 
ting, mating, pruning, cultivating, spraying, mulch¬ 
ing, picking, packing and marketing. All of these 
essential features and many more are explained ia 
such a way that you can’t go wrong. It was written 
right out in the strawberry field by a man who ha* 
made a fortune growing strawberries, and he tell* 
you just exactly how he does things. Send yotx 
address. ' That’s all. The book is free. 
R. M. Kellogg Co., Box 480> Three Rivers, Mich^ 
BLIZZARD 
We 
grow them 
by the million. To 
prove they are healthy and 
vigorous we offer 6 line Spruces 2 yr. 
old Free to property owners. Mailing . 
expcnsooctl, winch send ornot, A post* I 
_ _ al will bring them. Catalogue free. 
L The Gardner Nursery Co., Box 68, Osage.Iows 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS. 
If you would set the be^t send me your 
address. 202 varieties listed. 
GEO. R. SCHAUBER, Box R.. BallSton Lake, N. Y. 
A VERITABLE GOLD MINE 
43,000 quarts STRAWBERRIES grown on one 
acre, my system. Send for catalogue. 
KKVITT’S PLANT FARM, Athenia, N. J. 
