1908. 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
173 
USE OF A SUBSOIL PLOW. 
S. If. P-, Stratham, N. H .—We have 
about three acres of clayey loam underlaid 
by a stiff clay subsoil. Six or seven years 
aeo we tile-drained it, and ever since then 
one can see just where those ditches are 
in the grass. Just the width of the ditches 
the grass grew 14 inches higher than the 
rest of the field. I attributed that to 
stirring up the subsoil, and am contem¬ 
plating subsoiling the whole field. Do you 
think it would pay, and can you tell me 
anything about subsoiling, how deep to go, 
how much of a team it takes, could one 
good pair of horses draw a subsoil plow, 
and what is a good subsoil plow? 
Ans. —We do not believe subsoiling 
will take the place of draining either 
with tile or stones. The permanent 
drains admit air and take off the sur¬ 
plus water. Subsoiling merely breaks 
up the subsoil below the bottom of the 
ordinary furrow. This deepens the soil 
in which ordinary plants can root and 
feed, but does not leave it permanently 
open as good drains do. The subsoil 
will compact again more or less, and the 
subsoiling must be repeated every few 
years. We think subsoiling will pay on 
many heavy soils where there is a tough 
hardpan. It will pay better for some 
crops than for others—for example, po¬ 
tatoes or root crops. A picture of a 
subsoil plan is shown herewith. It fol¬ 
lows the furrow made by the turning 
plow, breaking or smashing up the sub¬ 
soil without throwing any of it out. A 
good team is required to haul it. Us¬ 
ually more power is required than to 
haul an ordinary turning plow. Some¬ 
times when a farmer has only one team 
he turns a few furrows and then follows 
with the subsoiler. Where there are two 
good teams one goes ahead with the 
turning plow while the other follows in 
the furrow to subsoil. We shall be 
pleased to have any of our readers tell 
how they do it and what results follow. 
Penal Code It is a misdemeanor to use 
false measures or to sell goods by same. 
Short Telephone Line. 
We wouTd like to put up a short tele¬ 
phone line along route covered by a large 
company. What should we do? h. j. 
Virginia. 
The proper way would be to incorporate 
as a telephone company, which would give 
you a right of way with a perpetual ex¬ 
istence. But as the line is a very short 
one, and for the mutual accommodation of 
the neighbors, it -would be easier and 
cheaper for one person or two or more as 
a partnership to secure the consent under 
seal of all the owners on the route, and 
put up the connections. If the present 
company would permit you to string wires 
on their poles this would solve the matter. 
Pears for Ohio. 
C. IV., Marshallville, o .—We have an 
orchard of 350 Keiffer pears coming into 
bearing, and are planting Seckel and 
Duchess dwarfs. We do not wish to take 
much risk from blight, but would like to 
add variety to these. Bartlett, Clapp, 
Anjou and other fine pears are out of the 
question on account of blighting. Are we 
safe in planting liberally of Koonce; also 
the true Lincoln, and what others? IIow 
do Koonce and Lincoln compare with 
Kieffer in size of tree, or what distance 
should they be planted? My idea is that 
Lincoln makes a very large tree, and 
should be planted farther apart than 
Kieffer. Am I right? 
Ans. —The matter of pear blight in 
Ohio and nearly all other sections of 
the country is a serious one, and must 
be considered in selecting varieties to 
plant. The nearly complete exemption 
of the Kieffer and a few other varieties 
of the Asiatic type crossed with the or¬ 
dinary pears is decidedly in their favor, 
but the poor quality of the fruit is 
against them. However, there is no 
doubt of their profitable culture, and 
that is the vital point with the fruit 
grower. Seckel is one of the least sub¬ 
ject to affection by blight of all the 
choice pears, and there is none of better 
quality. I have never seen either 
Koonce or Lincoln tested in a com¬ 
mercial way, and cannot give a positive 
opinion of how they would be when 
planted for profit. Both of them make 
trees of fair size and should 'be given 
more room than Kieffer, 20 feet apart 
being about right. To name varieties 
of the pear that are practically blight- 
proof and of high quality of fruit is 
about impossible. h. e. van deman. 
TALKS WITH A LAWYER. 
Soldier’s Pension Money. 
A soldier owns property, and has bank 
accounts entirely of pension money. IIow 
may he secure them for his heirs to the 
exclusion of judgment creditors? d. a. 
New York. 
As we stated in these columns, pension 
money and property bought with the same 
are exempt from taxes and execution by 
creditors. But at the death of the pen¬ 
sioner these are subject to levy or execution 
by the creditors of deceased. We adyise 
the questioner to convey his real property 
as he wishes it to descend, putting the 
deed in the hands of a third party if he 
does not wish to put it on record. He 
should assign his bank account also. 
Property of Married Woman. 
A woman died, leaving husband, a sister 
and several nephews. How does the prop¬ 
erty descend and what steps should be 
taken ? w. h. 
New York. 
Of the personal property one-half goes 
to the widower and the remaining half to 
be divided among the next of kin. The 
nephews and nieces together receive the 
part due their deceased parent. The 
nephews who are sons of the living sister 
do not take anything as their mother as 
sister of the deceased takes her own share. 
As there was no child born the widower 
has no rights in the real property. The 
widower may apply for letters of adminis¬ 
tration and settle the estate under direc¬ 
tion of the surrogate. 
Short-Weight Milk Bottles. 
The milk bottles in use here appear to be 
of short weight. How can I prove this 
and what should I do? b. w. 
New York. 
The State law gives the Board of Super¬ 
visors power to appoint a Sealer of Weights 
and Measures, also a sealer for the towns, 
all of whom keep accurate weights and 
measures as standards. Write to the clerk 
of your town or city and complain to the 
sealer, who will examine the bottles in use. 
If you do not find a sealer secure convinc¬ 
ing proof of short measure and take the 
case to a justice of the peace or a magis¬ 
trate, as by Sections 580 and 581 of the 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee page 12. 
Paint Without Oil 
Remarkable Discovery That Cuti 
Down the Cost of Paint Seventy- 
Five Per Cent. 
A Free Trial Package is Mailed to Ever 
one Who Writes. 
A. L. Rice, a prominent manufacturer 
Adams, N. Y., has discovered a process 
making a new kind of paint without the u 
of oil. He calls it Powdrpaint. It comes in tl 
form of a dry powder and all that Is required 
cold water to make a paint weather proof, fl 
proof and as durable as oil paint. It adheres 
any surface, wood, stone or brick, spreads ai 
looks like oil paint and costs about one-fourth 
much. 
c. t0 Mr. A. L. Rice, Manuf’r., 215 Nor 
b*., AdamB, N. Y., and he will send you a fn 
trial package, also color card and full Inform 
torn i 5 ? w wfiJ 8 0 ioidw. yo “ oaa sate a eM m “ 
A Good Eye 
for Fence 
can’t get away from the big steel 
wires, the strong splice, the lock¬ 
ing of stays and laterals, and 
the heavy galvanizing of 
Empire 
Fence. That’s 
everything in 
the fence question but 
the price. And we’ve 
got that right, too. Sell 
direct from factory only, 
wholesale price. 
WE PAY THE FREIGHT 
We want the little orders; they lead to 
big ones. You need long lasting Empire 
Fence. Let’s get together. Address 
Bond Steel Post Co, Adrian, Mich. 
CUTAWAY TOOLS FOR LARGE RAY CROPS 
Clark’s Reversible 
Bush & Bog Plow 
Cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 
1 ft. deep. Will plow 
a new cut forest. His 
double action Cutaway 
Harrow keeps land true, 
moves 1800 tons of earth, 
cuts 30 acres per day. 
DOUBLE ACTIONiV JOINTEDPOLE COTA 
c/tT nr <^.4 sendfoh ■ t-r*! ' 
rZ, ^ VM _ // ^iRcuLARSTornt 
~ N ° UV ?— " CUTAWAY 
PZ MORE/ HARROW S3 
USE C0.C ’ CD 
t—3 FOR_ ygiXc jvhigganum, — 
C_D «^®^coNN.u.Aft Q 
Jointed Pole takes all the weight off Horses 
and keeps their heels away from the Disks. 
His Rev. Disk Plow cuts a 
furrow 5 to 10 in. deep, 14 
in. wide. All Clark’s ma¬ 
chines will kill witch-grass, 
wild mustard, charlock, 
hardback, sunflower, milk¬ 
weed, thistle or any foul 
plant. 
A WONDERFUL INVENTION 
Clark’s Mould Board Disk Plow 
From 2 to 12 ft. wide. The only disk plow that will 
turn sod and stubble land. Send for circulars to the 
CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 39 Main St.. Hlgganum, Ct. 
Big Potato Crop 
at Least Expense 
/f Write now for Free Book that tells how 
to increase your Potato Crop 40 to 7555 and 
how to cut out labor and expense by using 
Aspinwall Potato 
Machines - 
which cut, plant, cover, 
fertilize, spray, dig and 
sort potatoes. Practical 
Success guaranteed and 
proveniby our 25years’ ex¬ 
perience in potato ma¬ 
chine building. Write 
this day to the 
Aspinwall Mfg. Co. 
312Sabin St., Jackson.Mlch. 
Make Plowing Easy 
-The “ - 
Wonder 
Plow 
Trucks 
Make 
Hard Work Easy 
Attach to 
any walking 
plow — one 
or two-horse, right or left hand, wood or 
steel beam. They regulate depth and width 
of furrow, and lighten the draft on horses at 
least one-third. The furrow wheel acts like 
a pivot, just like wheel of wheelbarrow. You 
do not touch your hands to the plow, except 
in turning at end of furrow. Your twelve- 
year-old boy can plow with the Trucks as well 
as a man. You don’t need to take our word 
for this — test them yourself at our risk. 
Greatest money-maker for agents ever put 
on ihe market. They sell on sight. Big 
profits and good territory still open. We give 
a sample set of Trucks free to all new agents. 
Retail price only $5.00. Write at once for 
full particulars. 
WONDER PLOW COMPANY, 
327 Factory St., St. Clair, Mich. 
THE 
CYCLOHE 
Catalogue, 32 pages, 
showing Ornamental 
Fences, Gates, Arches, 
Vines, Trellis, Lawn 
> Border, etc., will inter¬ 
est you. Write for it today. Address 
Ths Cyclone Woven Wire Fence Co.. Cleveland, Ohio. 
Let u, put your name and address on the “Deere” 
mailing list—as a Progressive Farmer —and send you 
our new practical FREE BOOKS. 
You know what the name ,, Doere ,, on a farm im¬ 
plement means—in highest quality of workmanship, 
materials, and latest Improvements. 
And you know that you, like every experienced 
man, ought to keep posted on what the really best 
Improvements are in money-saving, time-saving, up- 
to-date farm machinery. “Deere” makes are stand¬ 
ard of the World and it will pay you to keep posted 
about them. Write us now so we can send you our 
book about our 
Lightest Draft—Two-Cylinder 
NEW DEERE 
HAY LOADER 
Greatest time saver In haying time that you 
could own—most durable in construction and ma¬ 
terials—has the latest and most practical exclusive 
principles applied to loading hay. Thoroughly tested 
out and proven entirely satisfactory by the best farm¬ 
ers and hay growers. 
The only loader that successfully handles the 
lightest swath or heaviest windrow. 
Handles Hay Gently 
Rakes Cleanly l 
Gathers No Trash 
Don’t think of buying an old type “Scratch 
Bar” hay loader. They are much lieavierdraft and 
jam and crush and Injure good liay. 
The Deere handles alfalfa or ripe 
clover for seed, perfectly. Write 
and read all about how to 
make hay most profitably 
In our New Deere Hay 
Loader Book No. las. 
DEERE A 
MANSUR 
CO. 
Moline, 
. Ill . 
Boy 
Can Work It 
Accurate, thorough cultivation with the 
Kraus Pivot-Axle Sulky Cultivator is only a 
matter of steering; not of work. Instead of 
pulling and pushing the entire gang of shovels 
from side to side as with the ordinary cultiva¬ 
tor the Kraus is steered by the slightest touch 
of the foot, wheels and shovels moving side- 
PIVOT-AXLE 
SULKY 
CULTIVATOR 
Perfect for hillsides or 
crooked rows. Instantly 
adjustable for width of 
row and depth and angle 
of shovel. High wheeled, 
lightdraft,and perfectly 
balanced. 
If your dealer doesn’t 
handle the Kraus, don’t 
accept a substitute, write 
us. Catalogue free. 
AKRON CULTIVATOR CO. 
DEPT. IT AKRON, OHIO. 
ORNAMENTAL WIRE and STEEL FENCE 
Cheaper than wood, 
combining strength 
and art. For lawns, 
churches, cemeteries 
Send for FREE 
CATALOG. Address 
THE WARD FENCE CO.. 
Box 600 Decatur.Ind 
Gangs Independent- 
Regulated Separately 
A 
Flexible 
Spring 
Pressure on 
Inner Gang 
EASY 
ON THE TEAM 
BEST 
CULTIVATION 
Over fifty-six years continuously building farm machinery, td meet all conditions, 
has taught us what the essentials of good machines are, and how to put them in 
practical shape for the farmer’s use. The result is readily seen in the up-to-date tools 
we are making. The Walter A. Wood Disc Harrow is a splendid example of how a 
vgood harrow should be built. This Harrow alone possesses the valuable feature of a 
flexible spring; pressure on the inner gang ends, which is controlled by the driver 
by means of a foot lever. This pressure can be regulated to suit soil conditions—by it 
both the machine and the team are saved the strain that is so evident in other harrows. 
The gangs are also independent of each other and may be regulated separately by 
means of the combination disc lever, which is handy to the driver and easy to operate. 
Large steel ball bearings confined in dust and sand-proof boxes relieve the end thrust 
of the gangs and lighten the load on the team. No other harrow is so well con- . 
structed to stand up to its work. The name Wood is a guarantee that it will satisfy, 
and the liberal Wood warranty makes it a safe machine to buy. Illustrated catalog 
A describes good features we cannot even mention here, but which you'll want to read 
about Write today, for catalog and name of nearest dealer. 
WALTER A. WOOD MOWING AND REAPING MACHINE CO., HoosIcK Falls, N. Y. 
