16 
THE) ■ RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
March 
BUTTER FROM ONE COW. 
L. D., of Connecticut, asks how best 
to make butter from one cow. We 
strain the milk into shallow pans in the 
Summer and set for cream to rise in a 
cool cellar. In the Winter the milk 
is set in basins on a shelf in the kitchen. 
This shelf is placed below another shelf, 
and from the upper one hangs a cur¬ 
tain, valance like, which conceals the 
lower one and protects the milk from 
dust. \ he milk is skimmed after being 
set for .'56 or 48 hours, and the cream 
is kept in a jar on the same shelf with 
the milk. I have a small barrel churn 
and churn twice a week in Summer and 
every five or six days in Winter. We 
have only one cow and use a good deal 
of milk and cream for cooking pur¬ 
poses. I keep separate night and morn¬ 
ing all the milk I intend to use in this 
way, so as not to disturb any set for 
the cream to raise. The two younger 
children drink all the new milk they 
can hold when it comes in still warm. 
We have more butter than we use for 
ourselves so far and our cow was fresh 
last June. It takes only a few min¬ 
utes night and morning to strain the 
milk and skim what is ready. The pans 
and basins are washed and scalded with 
the other dishes. If the cream is at 
the right temperature the butter will 
always comes in less than 40 minutes. 
In Winter the temperature needs to be 
higher than in Summer. e. r. f. 
Cape Vincent, N. Y. 
THE TUBERCULIN TEST IN THE HANDS 
OF FARMERS. 
The lively interest that The R. N.-Y. 
readers are manifesting in the question 
of the tuberculin testing of our dairy 
herds shows that farmers arc beginning 
to appreciate the dangers from this 
dreadful malady. I would not like to 
be quoted as playing the note of alarm 
so as to arouse the consumer of dairy 
products. This note was sounded so 
loudly a few years ago that our atten¬ 
tion was centered on the supposed 
dangers to the human race, while the 
dangers to the cow race were over¬ 
looked. Thanks to a calm and studious 
investigation of the entire problem by a 
man like the originator of the tuber¬ 
culin test, we are now led to feel that 
the danger of persons acquiring th.e dis¬ 
ease from the use of the milk of the 
cow is slight indeed. The actual cgses 
of infection, of reasonable certainty, 
from this source are few. and far be¬ 
tween. But how about the dangers to 
our herd? Is the keeper of choice dairy 
stock safe, either when he buys his 
stock or when he breeds his own? If 
he once gets the disease into his herd 
has he any means at his command to 
eradicate it? These questions might 
naturally lead to another. If the disease 
once gets a strong hold in a herd how 
serious are its inroads? There is no 
chance -for doubt that this disease is 
the most contagious and destructive of 
any which commonly attacks our herds. 
Especially is this true in cold climates, 
where the animals are kept in close 
quarters for half the year. Will the 
disease advance rapidly and the dangers 
to the herd soon become serious? The 
rapidity of development cannot be pre¬ 
dicted. Much depends upon the vigor 
of the stock and the healthfulness of the 
surroundings. I have known an increase 
of 15 per cent in the cases in a herd 
of 50, between tw’o annual tuberculin 
tests. One thing is reasonably certain, 
if the disease germs once get a hold in 
a herd dissemination and loss are sure 
to follow. The finest sanitary condi¬ 
tions will not prevent its spread, but 
filthy stables and poor ventilation will, 
no doubt, cause a more rapid spread. 
While the direct inroads of the disease 
are often slow, the weakened constitu¬ 
tion resulting subjects the animal to at¬ 
tacks from many other troubles, so that 
the complications arising may be legion. 
Few dealers in purebred stock in this 
country find their herds entirely free 
from tuberculosis. The man who buys 
is rarely safe from its dangers. Does 
this mean that the guarantee of the 
tuberculin test is a fake? I must admit 
that it often seems to mean that. I 
trust the reader will appreciate the em¬ 
phasis placed on seems. An old teacher 
of mine tried to impress upon us boys 
that the value of a pedigree depended 
on three things; the man behind the 
pedigree, its completeness, and the merit 
of the animals making up the pedi¬ 
gree. The pedigree may be so complete 
as to cover the pages of a modern bank 
ledger, and the animals in its. make-up 
may be of the highest productiveness, 
and yet the whole be not worth an old 
copper unless the man behind the paper 
has the right metal in him. The tuber¬ 
culin test is sound and safe in honest 
hands, but the dealer in purebred stock 
may so far misuse it as to rob it of all 
merit in particular instances. Is there 
then no safeguard against this disease 
in purchasing purebred stock? Again 
the man behind the cow should be the 
best assurance. But so wily is this 
disease that even fie may honestly mis¬ 
judge his stock. The tuberculin test 
should be the insurance of every farmer, 
and he will not find the premium so 
high as to afford big salaries to the 
directors. 
The tuberculin test is no more diffi¬ 
cult to make than the Babcock test of 
milk or cream. No progressive dairy¬ 
man need hesitate to use it after he 
has seen it used in practical hands. Here 
again the “man behind the gun” is the 
most important factor. The firm be¬ 
hind the tuberculin will make the test 
efficient or worthless. We look forward 
to the time when our State experiment 
stations will furnish farmers with tuber¬ 
culin at a nominal cost, for use in 
their own herds under station regula¬ 
tions. The cleaning up of two herds 
under my control has impressed me for¬ 
cibly with the high value and simplicity 
of the test. The inroads of the disease 
into two herds as an outcome of tested 
purchases has also caused me to take 
alarm in the matter of purchases. Clean 
fields may be within the reach of every 
good cultivator when the other man’s 
weed seeds are kept out, and sound 
herds are within the reach of most of 
us if we can be sure that the other 
man's germ seeds are kept out, or at 
least got out when once into our herds. 
Connecticut. chas*. s. phelps. 
NEBRASKA GARDEN NOTES. 
“I don't see why your tomatoes" ripen so 
early, ours are all green yet,” was said to 
tis several times last Fall. When we men¬ 
tioned we had early, medium and late va¬ 
rieties they expressed astonishment and one 
person made the remark: ‘‘I supposed a 
tomato was a tomato, no early or late 
kinds.” It seems strange that people who 
appear to he posted in many matters will 
show such ignorance. The same wonder 
was expressed by a friend in regard to peas. 
When given a mess of American Wonder 
and Everbearing last Summer: “Simply 
delicious, I never knew there was any dif¬ 
ference in peas before,” she having sown 
the smooth varities. We are delighted with 
the Earliana tomatoes. After being almost 
inundated by water (heavy rains), 
whipped by winds and then drought they 
bore smooth, good-sized fruit, early and 
late. We had our first ripe tomatoes last 
year August 11, and began selling August 
14, at eight cents a pound. The lack of 
all other fruits kept up the price, as toma¬ 
toes usually are down to two cents a pound 
very quickly and often 50 cents a bushel. 
The Dwarf Champion, Matchless and 
l'onderosa did not do nearly as well as 
usual ; did not seem to adapt themselves 
to the severe and unusual climatic condi¬ 
tions which existed throughout the season. 
Tire large tomatoes of the Matchless and 
feet - Gem squash which lias always been 
l’onderosa wilt and soften with heavy 
winds, while the Earliana keeps on the 
even tenor of its way. If I could have 
but one variety it would be Earliana. Per- 
one of our favorite squashes, is not as good 
as usual. The growth is there but it is not 
sweet and lacks flavor. Our cucumbers did 
remarkably well; from a small patch we 
picked 30 or more gallons of small pickles. 
People remark that their vines died; not 
one in 20 here had cucumbers. We kept 
the ground stirred after each rain and al¬ 
lowed no weeds to take the moisture and 
nourishment from the soil, fighting the 
bugs (which came in swarms) with air- 
slaked lime, putting it on when the vines 
were wet with dew. This has always been 
a satisfactory remedy with us. 
MRS. FREDERICK C. JOHNSON. 
ril Give You Plenty of Time to Prove that the 
CHATHAM Fanning Mill Will Pay for Itself in 
21 iJCJir Clo«n your grain—before yon sell It—or before 
you sow It. SI,OOO,OOO lost by Farmers In 
Ohio and Michigan alone each season by selling and sowing 
dirty grain Is a low estimate. You are “docked” on the price 
cause of dirt in every bushel, l’ay me on time fora CHA 
Fanning Mill and save its price easily by using it onyour 
place. Cleans ail kinds of Grain—Separates Oats from 
Wheat. Cleans R^d Clover—Takes out Buckhorn Plan¬ 
tain. Cleans Alsike Clover and Alfalfa^Cleans Beans, 
Oats, Barley—Grades Corn, Cleans Timothy Seed. 
fhathmn Free Bank tells 100 ways you’ll profit by 
uiainmn rrcc book having a Chatham. Illus¬ 
trated—gives terms and 1 w factory prices—full particu¬ 
lars. 30 Days’Trial to prove It will do wha‘ we say it will. 
200.000 sold already In U. S. and Canada. Experiment 
Stations indorse them, and Agricultural Papers 
*mend them. Write nearest office for New 
MANSON CAMPBELL COMPANY, 
21 Wesson Aye., Detroit, Mich. 
1308 West 11th St,., Kansas City, Mo, 
82 E. 3d St., St. Paul, Minn. Dept. 1,Portland,Ore. _. 
We have 24 branch Warehouses, and make prompt shipments. 1 Freight Prepaid 
THE 
30 Days 
Free Trial 
Horse^ 
Thrift 
Nothing helps along more than 
to rightly satisfy cravings for | 
salt. Lot him help himself, then 
it’s done right. 
Compressed 
Pure-Salt Bricks 
in the stall solves the problem. Refined 
dairy salt, just to suit his taste, in con- 
, venient holder. A trifling 
amount per month perani- 
jjmal. lt’scheap,convenient, 
I humane. Letussendyou lit- 
I tjo free booktoshow why 
! Belmont Stable Supply Co., 
Pa ten tees and Mfra., 
Sta. C, Brooklyn, N, Y 
Removes Bursal Enlargements, 
Thickened Tissues, In fill rated 
Parts, and any Puff or Swelling, 
Cures Lameness, Allays Pain 
without laying the horse up. Does not 
blister, stam or remove the liair. #2.00 a 
bottle, delivered. Pamphlet 1-C free. 
ABSOKBINE, JR., for mankind, #1.00 
bottle. Cures Synovitis, Weeping Sinew, 
Strains, Gouty or Rheumatic Deposits, 
reduces Varicose Veins, Varicocele, Hydrocele. 
Allays pain. Book free. Genuine mfd. only by 
W. F.Y0UNG, P.D.F. 88 Monmouth St .Springfield,Mass 
Greatest values offered! 
Our New 15)08 Money Savin? Catalogue shows 140 
styles of vehicles, f rom $37.50 up, and 05 styles of har¬ 
ness ; shipped direct from our 
factory. All agents’and middlemen's 
profits cut out, saving you a third to x cn 
a half. FREE. Write for It. Address 
IT. 8 . BUGGY & CART CO. M 
42G-446 E. Nth St., Cincinnati, O. ®cr 
Ever/ vehicle we build sold 
on 30 days Free trial. 
2 years guarantee 
MANLOVE AUTOMATIC GATE 
Always In Order. 
Saves time, adds 
to value, safety, 
ogogoo beauty and pleas¬ 
ure of home. 
MANLOVE GATE CO. 
272 Huron St. 
CHICAGO, Ill. 
m 
!—I 
For strength and ] 
durability the 
FROST HEAVY WEIGHT I 
KNOCKED DOWN and WOVEN 
WIRE FENCES are unequalled. I 
Send for copy of our free cata.) 
logue. We Pay Freight. 
The Frost Wire Fence Co., 
Cleveland, Ohio. 
MINERAL 
HEAVE 
REMEDY 
NEGLECT 
Will Ruin 
YourHorse 1 
Send today for 
only 
PERMANENT 
SAFE 
CERTAIN' 
$3 PACKAGE 
will cure any case or 
money refunded. 
$1 PACKAGE 
cures ordinary cases. 
Postpaid on receipt of 
price. Agents Wanted. 
Write for descriptive booklet. 
Mineral Heave Remedy Co., 461 fourth Avenue. Pittsburg, Pa, 
THE HILL 
THAT FILLS THE BILL 
The 
- house¬ 
keeper’s 
best friend. Grinds 
corn, wheat, breakfast cereals, gra¬ 
ham flour, spieesjcoffee, etc Cracks 
f rrain for poultry. Runs very easy (see 
ong crank.) Grinds fast and won’t 
get out of order. The 
BLACK HAWK GRIST MILL 
Is the mill you ought to buy. Fills a 
dozen uses, and soon saves its cost. 
The best grinder for the money ever 
built. Weighs 17 lbs $3.00, prepaid to 
your depot. Write for free book. 
A. H. PATCH, Mfr. of Hand Mills and 
Corn Shellers exclusively. Agents 
. wanted. Clarksville, Tens. 
mmmmmsnmmm 
Don’t-Rust Farm Fence “fl 0 ™ 
made. Old-fusli I oned galvanized, therefore 
can’t rust. 40-Carbon (Clastic- Spring Steel Wire. 
30 bays’ Free Trial. Send for free catalog No. 57, with 
prices, freight prepaid, on Farm and Poultry Fence. 
Addrcs 8 The Ward Fence Co., Box 835 Decatur, Ind., 
also mfra, Orna’l Wire and Orna’l Steel Picket Fence* 
THE 
CYCLONE 
Catalogue, 32 pages, 
showing Ornamental 
Fences, Gates, Arches, 
Vines, Trellis, Lawn 
/ Border, etc., will inter¬ 
est you. Write for it today. Address 
The Cyclone Woven Wire Fence Co.. Cleveland, Ohio. 
COIL SPRING FENCE] 
; Made of high carbon Steel Wire 
, liorse-high. Bull-strong, Chick- 
. en-tlght. Sold direct to the 
' Farmer at lowest rnanufac- 
1 turers prices on 30 Days Free 
• Trial, freight prepaid. 100 page 
i Catalogue and price-list free. 
KITSELMAN BROS., 
Box 230 MUNCIE, IND. 
THE SUPERIOR FENCE 
Made ot heavy gauge, 
Noi.8, 9 and 10 High Car¬ 
bon Coiled Spring 81 eel 
Wire, bound together with Sn 
perlor Lock, making strong, 
est fence in existence. Piii 
low. Easy terms. Write for Free Catalog. 
THE SUPERIOR FENCE CO. 
Ilept. I, Cleveland, Ohio 
LABEL 
FENCE 
DANA’S EAR LABELS 
are stamped with any name or address with serial 
numbers. They are simple, practical and a distinct 
and reliable mark. Samples Free. Agents Wanted. 
C. H. DANA, 
74 Main Street, West Lebanon, N. H. 
COOK YOUR FEED and SAVB 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILER 
With Dumping Caldron. Empties its 
kettle in one minute. The simplest 
and best arrangement for cooking 
food for stock. Also make Dairy and 
Laundry Stoves, Water end Steam 
Jacket Kettles, Hog Scaldors, Cal* 
drons, etc. Oir Send for circulars. 
1>. It. SPERIiY & OO.. Batavia, Hi 
Strongest 
Made -«— 
'Made of High Carbon Double Strength 
Coiled Wire. Heavily Galvanized to 
prevent rust. Have no agents. Sell at 
factory prices on 30 days’ free trial. 
jWe pay all freight. 37 heights of farm 
land poultry fence. Catalog Free. 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box 203 Winchester, Indiana 
EXCELL 
IRON 
and 
ROOFING 
STEEL & SIDING 
Direct To You from our own factory 
at lowest factory prices. We are man¬ 
ufacturers and handle no 2 nd hand 
nor short length stuff. Every part of 
our roofing and siding is made in our 
factory from genuine Charcoal Iron, 
Double Refined Puddled I ron or Steel. 
Put on the kind of root that wears. 
Ours is guaranteed. I f it isn’tthe best 
you can buy anywhere, don’t pay tor 
ft. tdiaBj to lay. No experience needed. -vTell 
ue about your building and let us quote you 
faotorypriceie Write for Metal Goods Catalog 
It Is free. 
THE UNITED FACTORIES CO. 
Department No. R-31, Cleveland, Ohio 
ROOFS 
THAT NEVER 
WEAR OUT 
Sea Green SPurpIe Slate Roofs 
absolutely last forever. Being solid rock , they are spark 
and fire-proof. Reduce your insurance rate. Afford pure 
cistern water. Don’t require frequent painting and coat¬ 
ing like metal and composition roofing. Not affected by 
heat or cold. Suitable for all buildings, new or old. 
First cost —only a trifle more than short lived roofings. 
Let ns settle your roofing question for all time. Don’t 
spend more good money for poor roofing, f WRITE TO 
US AT ON OK for our free book "ROOFS.” It will save 
you money. Give us the name of your local roofer. 
THE AMERICAN SEA GREEN SLATE CO. Box 10, Granville, N. Y. 
