1908. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
225 
CONTENTS 
The Rural New-Yorker, March 7, 1908. 
FARM TOriCS. 
The Early Tomato Plant . 193 
\ Sweet Potato Duck . 194 
The Difference in Cabbage Seed. 195 
Preventing Club-Footed Cabbage.... 199 
Simple Device for Testing Seed Corn. 200 
Brief Talk on Plowing. 201 
Hope Farm Notes. 207 
Bones and Tobacco Stems. 219 
Fertilizer for Potatoes. 219 
Selecting Good Seed. 222 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Does Cattle Feeding Pay?. 214 
Ice for Cooling Milk. 215 
Growing Fodder on Old Sod. 215 
Butter from One Cow. 216 
The Tuberculin Test in the Hands of 
Farmers. 210 
Dishorning Calf with Caustic. 218 
Purebred Live Stock. Part II. 218 
Fodder Corn for Oregon. 218 
Grain Ration with Silage. 220 
Education of the Cattle Case. 220 
The Cattle Case in Politics. 221 
Dairying in Florida . 222 
The Strength of a Pedigree. 222 
A House for One Hundred Hens.... 223 
Diarrhoea in Chicks. 223 
HORTICULTURE. 
The Figures from a Mulched Or¬ 
chard.191, 192 
Growing Big Melons. 193 
Money in Currants . 193 
Why are Outside Rows Best?. 194 
An Acre of Apples. 194 
Some of the Newer Fruits. 194 
Grafting Pecan and Hickory.194, 195 
Crown Gail on Peacli and Apple. 195 
A Backyard Garden. Part 1. 196 
Why Apple Seedlings Vary. 107 
Grafting the Mulberry. 197 
197 
197 
198 
198 
199 
199 
199 
202 
202 
202 
203 
205 
204 
206 
216 
21 !) 
225 
225 
225 
210 
210 
211 
211 
212 
21 2 
21 2 
213 
.. 213 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Changing Alternate-Year Trees. 
Building a Greenhouse. 
Damage by Mice and Rabbits. 
When to Prune Apple. 
planting Lima Beans . 
Culture of Water Cress . 
Remaking a Lawn. 
The Lime-Sulphur Spray as a Preven¬ 
tive of Apple Scab. 
Bridge-Grafting an Apple Tree. 
Mr. Ditchings’ Stringfellow Trees.... 
Sensible Spraying Notes. 
A Western N. Y. Spray Outfit. 
The Lime and Sulphur Spray. 
Ruralisms .-. 
Nebraska Garden Notes . 
Washing and Bunching Vegetables.. 
Summer Pruning Raspberries. 
Pecans in Virginia . 
Planting Fillers . 
WOMAN AND HOME. 
From Day to Day . 
The Rural Patterns . 
Recreation on the Farm. 
Winter Meat Dishes . 
Planning the Flower Garden. 
Vegetable Garden Notes. 
Some Chicken Recipes. 
Helpers in the Home. Part I. 
H'Iiah TV/li 1 \r Gnu t* 
Tlie Week's Pictures. 200 
Signing a Warranty Deed. 201 
Removal of Mail Box. 201 
Status of Chattel Mortgage. 201 
A School Question . 201 
Reduced Fare for School Children.... 201 
Editorials. 208 
Sulphur for Rats and Mice. 214 
Botanical Specimens . 215 
Husband’s Legal Interest. 218 
Trucks for Binders . 218 
Publisher’s Desk . 224 
Humorous.226 
MARKETS 
Prices current at N. Y. during week 
ending February 28, 1908, wholesale unless 
otherwise noted. 
GRAIN. 
Wheat, No. 2, Red. 
— 
@1.00 
No. 1, Northern, Duluth 
. . - 
@1.15 
Corn . 
. 61 
@ 65 
Oil . 
57 
@ 60 
FEED. 
Wheat Bran . 
,24.50 
@26.50 
Middlings . 
.26.00 
@28.50 
Red Dog . 
.29.00 
@30.00 
Hominy chop . 
— 
@26.00 
Oil Meal . 
— 
@32.50 
IIAY AND STRAW. 
ITav No. 1 . 
@18.50 
No. 2 . 
.16.00 
@17.00 
No 3 . 
.14.50 
@15.50 
Clover Mixed .... 
.14.00 
^t)1 7.00 
(fj) j 5 50 
Straw, Long Rve . 
@13.50 
Short and Oat . 
. 9.50 
@12.00 
MILK. 
New York Exchange price remains at 
$1.81 per 40-quart can, but there is the 
prospect of a cut to 3i/, cents in the near 
future. 
BUTTER. 
Creamery, best . 
. -- 
@ 30% 
Common to good . 
. 25 
@ 28 
Storage . 
. 25 
@ 29 
State Dairv . 
. 20 
@ 25 
Factory . 
. 20 
@ 23 
Packing stock . 
. 19 
@ 22 
CHEESE. 
Full cream, best . 
. -- 
@ 16 
Common to good. 
. 12 
@ 14 
EGGS. 
Fancy white . 
. 28 
@ 30 
White, good to choice. 
. 24 
@ 27 
Mixed colors, best . 
. 23 
@ 25 
Western and Southern . . . 
. 20 
@ 23 
Storage . 
. 15 
@ 18 
BEANS. 
Marrow, bu. 
.2.00 
@2.25 
Medium . 
.2.05 
@2.30 
@° 35 
Red Kidney . 
.2.00 
@2.20 
White Kidney 1 . 
.2.40 
@2.50 
Y’ellow Eye . 
.2.00 
@2.10 
HOPS. 
Rest, 1907 . 
. 13 
@ 14 
Common to good. 
9 
@ 12 
Olds . 
@ 6 
DRIED APPLES. 
Market very dull and prices to a large 
extent nominal, few sales being noted. 
Evaporated, fancy . 10 @ 10% 
Evap.. common to choice. ... 6 @ 9 
Sun-dried . 6 @ 7 V, 
Chops, 100 lbs. — @2.00 “ 
Receipts 
weaker. 
FRESH FRUITS, 
of apples large and 
Apples, best, bbl. 
Common to good . .. . 
Cranberries, bbl. 
Strawberries, qt . 
_4.00 
_2.00 
_6.00 
.... 20 
Orangesi'Caiff.’, box.... 
Florida . 
_2.75 
.... 2.50 
.Tn maim bill. 
. .. .3.50 
Grape Fruit . 
_4.50 
VEGETABLES. 
Potatoes, Bermuda, bbl.4.00 
Florida, new, No. 1, bbl. . .5.00 
S'n, second crop, No. 1 bbl. 2.25 
Ixrng Island, bbl.2.50 
Maine, bbl.2.50 
State & W'n, 180 lbs_2.50 
German, 180-lb. hag.... 2.75 
Sweet potatoes, Jersey, bbl.3.00 
Artichokes, Calif., drum.... 8 .00 
Asparagus, Calif., bunch ...1.50 
Brussels Sprouts, qt. 8 
Beets, N. O., 100 bchs_2.50 
Carrots, N. O., bbl.2.00 
Bermuda, crate . 50 
Celery, Calif., case .4.50 
Florida, case .2.00 
Chicory, N. O., bbl.2.00 
Cucumbers, Florida, basket..2.00 
Cabbage, Danish seed, ton.. 10.00 
Red, ton .15.00 
Florida, new, crate.1.00 
Escarol, N. O., bbl.3.00 
Eggplants, Florida, box....1.00 
Kale. Norfolk, bbl. 60 
Kohlrabi, N. O., 100 bchs. .2.00 
Lettuce, Florida, basket ....1.00 
Leeks, N. O., 100 bchs.3.00 
Onions, Conn., white, bbl..5.00 
Conn., yellow .2.25 
State; & W’n, white, bag..2.50 
State & W’n, yellow, bag.. 2 .00 
Orange Co., red. bag. .... 2.00 
Cuban, bushel crate .175 
Okra, Florida, carrier .2.00 
Oysterplant, 100 bunches ..1.00 
Peppers, Florida, carrier .. 75 
Parsnips, bbl. 75 
Peas, Florida, basket . 2.00 
Parsley, Bermuda, box.1.50 
New Orleans, bbl.4.00 
Romaine, N. O., bbl.2.50 
Bermuda, crate . 50 
Radishes, N. 0„ bbl.2.00 
String beans, Fla., basket. .2.00 
Spinach, Norfolk, bbl.1.00 
Tomatoes, 24-qt. carrier.... 1.00 
LIVE POULTRY. 
Chickens, lb. 
Fowls ... 
Roosters . 
Turkeys . 
Ducks . 
Geese . io 
DRESSED PO 
Turkeys . 14 
Chickens, fancy broilers .24 
Com. to good and roasting. 
Fowls . 12 
Capons . io 
Ducks . 12 
Geese) . io 
COUNTRY-DRESSED 
Calves . io 
Lambs, hothouse, head. 
Pork . 
LIVE STOCK. 
Steers . 3.75 
Oxen and stags . 
Bulls' . 3.26 
Cows .’.’.’.2.00 
Calves . 
Sheep . 4.60 
Lambs .6.50 
Hogs . 4.75 
market 
@4.50 
@3.50 
@10.00 
@ 40 
@3.75 
@4.00 
@4.50 
@6.50 
@5.50 
@6.00 
@2.75 
@3.00 
@2.65 
@2.62 
@3.00 
@ 4.50 
@10.00 
@2.00 
@ 12 
@4.00 
@3.00 
@1.00 
@4.75 
@3.00 
@3.00 
@4.00 
(a 14.00 
<0 1 s.0O 
@1.25 
@4.00 
@ 2.00 
@ 75 
@4.00 
@2.00 
@4.00 
@6.00 
@2.50 
@3.50 
@ 2.25 
@2.25 
C 11 2.15 
(11 4.00 
@3.00 
@ 1.50 
@1.25 
@4.50 
@1.75 
@6.00 
@3.00 
<§ 1.50 
@ — 
01 4.00 
@2.50 
@3.00 
— 
@ 
11 % 
— 
@ 
13% 
— 
@ 
8 % 
— 
@ 
14 
— 
@ 
15 
10 
@ 
11 
rRY. 
14 
@ 
18 
@ 
28 
16 
@ 
20 
12 
@ 
14 
16 
@ 
23 
12 
@ 
14 
10 
@ 
12 
MEATS. 
10 
@ 
12 
4.00 
@ 10.00 
5 
@ 
7 
@5. 
75 
@4. 
75 
@4. 
50 
@4.00 
@9. 
.25 
@5 
.25 
@7 
.50 
@5, 
.00 
SUMMER PRUNING RASPBERRIES. 
Last Spring you published some direc¬ 
tions for planting, cultivating and pruning 
raspberries. With most that was said I 
could agree, but my ideas of Summer prun¬ 
ing differ considerably from those of (he 
writer of the articles. I have not seen a 
raspberry bush for nearly or quite 2 u 
years. When I first came to Florida. 24 
years ago, l ordered raspberrv plants two 
or three times. When set in the Fall they 
would make a fine growth the next Spripg, 
and red varieties would usually bear a few 
berries. But very seldom would a single 
bush be left to tell the tale by the time 
our long Summer was over. I have not 
tried it of late, but have often thought that 
if heavily mulched and grown under a -lath 
shelter they might possibly live through. 
I was born and raised in a small city in 
northern Indiana, and in 1871 myself’and 
two younger brothers went into the coun¬ 
try to try market gardening and fruit 
growing. In those days ail the directions 
tor pruning raspberry and blackberry 
hushes said to top the new canes when they 
reached the height of three feet for the first 
and four for the second, and then to cut 
back the laterals as soon as possible after 
they were a foot long, to that length. We 
soon found by experience that three feet 
was too high, and began cutting them 
lower and lower each year, until we found 
that about 16 to 18 inches was the best 
for raspberries, and about two feet for 
blackberry bushes. When the laterals 
started we let them grow unchecked until 
Spring, and then cut them to about one 
foot. We found that bushes with the 
shorter stems stood up better in the high 
winds which we often had in that country. 
We also found that when the branches 
were cut back during the growing season 
they at once started a new growth and 
made a lot of small branches, which were 
not so good for a crop as those which had 
not been cut back until Spring. The patch 
should be gone over two or three times 
during the season, as the new canes are 
not all ready to top at the same time, and 
the sooner the top is taken off after it is 
tall enough the better it is for the bush. 
During the years that I was growing ber¬ 
ries in Indiana, I found that the best tool 
for topping the bushes was a small, very 
sharp, butcher knife; with this the canes 
can be cut very rapidly. I also found 
that the sooner the old canes were cut 
out, after the crop was off, the better it 
was for everything, they were easier to cut 
and the bushes did better when they were 
out of the way. w. c. steele. 
Florida. 
Pecans in Virginia. 
J. R. G., Callaway, Va ,— Would Mr. 
Van Deman give us a word about raising 
pecans in the mountains of Virginia, and 
also on the James River? 
Ans. —The growing of pecans in Vir¬ 
ginia is all right so far as it goes, but 
the climate is not such as will produce 
the highest type of this nut. The pecan 
properly belongs, as almost everyone 
knows, in the rich, alluvial lands of the 
far South, particularly the Gulf States, 
but it will grow profitably north as far 
as southern Maryland and Kansas. 
There are wild trees even farther north 
than Kansas, in the Mississippi Valley, 
but for some unknown reason nature 
never planted any east of Mississippi 
and Kentucky. However, the pecan is 
grown with good success from northern 
Florida to Virginia, but not very suc¬ 
cessfully in the high uplands nor in the 
mountain valleys. I have seen the trees 
bearing nuts in the region near the head 
of the Rappahannock River in Vir¬ 
ginia, but the nuts were small and of 
little value. Possibly better varieties 
than the seedlings I saw there may be 
grown, but I would not expect much 
from pecan trees in the cooler climates 
where the apple does well. Along the 
lower James River and the Chesapeake 
Bay the pecan does quite well, and I 
know of trees there that bear well, and 
the nuts are good. A long, warm season 
is what is needed to bring the nuts to 
perfection. I have seen them frosted 
and ruined while green, in Kansas and 
other places, because the warm weather 
did not continue long enough. Very 
early ripening varieties grafted on hardy 
stocks of the pecan may prove of con¬ 
siderable value farther north than the 
pecan is now proving successful. But, 
unfortunately, the better type of the 
pecan is not hardy where the Winters 
are cold. The cotton-growing regions 
are almost the northern limit of suc¬ 
cessful pecan culture, I fear. Perhaps 
earlier and hardier varieties may be 
found or produced. I would not, at 
present, recommend planting this nut 
tree north of that line, except for ex¬ 
periment. H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Planting “Fillers.” —The diagram 
here printed is taken from the catalogue 
of H. S. Wiley & Son, Cayuga, N. Y. 
In this plan the trees marked X are per¬ 
manent varieties planted 40 or 50 feet 
apart. 
Those 
marked 
O 
are 
“fillers,” 
X 
o 
B 
o 
K 
o 
K 
o X 
o 
o 
O 
o 
o 
o 
O 
o o 
3. 
o 
C 
o 
X 
o 
K 
O X 
O 
o 
o 
o 
0 
o 
O 
o o 
X 
o 
X 
o 
X 
o 
K 
O X 
that 
is, 
those 
of 
some 
early-maturing 
ol L VY UiV .11 Cclll v ll L VJUL JUICV-L W ULII 
liey crowd the permanent trees. Such 
arieties as Wealthy, Wagener, Duchess 
r McIntosh are used for fillers. Mr. 
Viley supplied the trees which were 
lanted in the Mann orchard described 
n page 58. 
“Godly people find it very hard, Mr. 
Higgins, to become accustomed to the 
coin without the motto.” “Thet’s so, 
parson; reckon thar ain’t but one thing 
they’ll find harder.” “And what is 
that?” “Tryin’ t’ scrape along on the 
mottor ’thout the coin.”—Life. 
Lawyer (to bucolic client who has 
called to settle an account that contains, 
among other items, a number of unex¬ 
pected charges) : “Why don’t you come 
inside instead of standing there in the 
door?” Client (warily) : “No, thankee, 
mister. I’d rayther not. I know what 
you’re after. You’d be charging me 
rent if I did !”—Punch. 
DDF AMrD IKS Salesmen wanted to sell 
LlvLAlULlvlLj. dairy machinery, complete 
butter factories and complete cheese factories. 
Liberal terms to purchasers. Steady employment 
for salesman. If we have no salesman in your 
territory, write for particulars. O. PRESSPRIOH 
& COMPANY, 200 Broadway, New York. 
Most durable, most convenient, made 
from best materials, by In venters and 
oldest builders of continuous-open¬ 
ing silos. Most profitable because 
durable and convenient. Popular be¬ 
cause profitable. Write for booklet. 
Harder Jlfg. Co., Bll, COBLKSKILL.N.Y. 
Meeker 
Disc Smoothing Harrow 
Onion Seed Drills, and Wheat Hoes 
Southport Globe Onion Seed 
Send for Catalogue and Prices. 
THE C. 0. JELLIFF MFG. C0RP. 
Southport, Connecticut 
5-ACRE FARMS, $100 
NEAR ATLANTIC CITY, N. J. 
$5.00 DOWN $5.00 MONTHLY 
Right in a locality where people are making big successes 
raising fruit, berries, truck, vegetables, poultry and squabs. 
Fertile soil, pure water, good roads. Healthful, mild climate 
puts produce early in market for fancy prices. Three main¬ 
line railroads, fine shipping facilities to Atlantic City, Phil¬ 
adelphia and New York markets. Two large towns, all con¬ 
veniences, near by. Title perfect and guaranteed. Write for 
booklet._ Daniel Frazier Co. 620 Bailey Bldo.. Pliila., Pa. 
HOUSES AND LAND, Shawangunk Mountains, cheap. 
Mrs. VVm. McLaughlin, Round Hill, N. S., Canada. 
T en acre truck and poultry 
FARM, close to Norfolk, Va. Rich, black 
loam soil, railway accommodation, good new house, 
exceptional opportunity. $ 1 , 000 : terms to suit. 
Write. I. HERZ, 2 Carlisle St., New York. 
WRITF ^' R- ®. Hanson,Hart, Mich., for list of 
'* 1,11 *- Fruit, Grain, Stock and Poultry Farms. 
m MONEY-MAKING FARMS 
FOR SALE Vr„??L. 8 e1i^ 
the largest illustrated catalogue of farm bargains, 
with reliable information of farming localities, 
ever Issued, including Bond good for R. R. Fare, 
mailed FREE. Dept. 42, E. A. STROUT CO., 
150 Nassau St., New York. 
P| CACE send a trial shipment to the Oldest Com- 
ILLHOL mission House inNew York. Established 
1838. Butter. Cheese. Eggs, Poultry, Hay, Apples, etc 
E. B. WOODWARD, 302 Greenwich St.. New York, 
H ELP FOR FARMS furnished by THE IM¬ 
MIGRANT LABOR EXCHANGE, INC.. 2 
Carlisle Street, New York. 
WANTED 
HAY OF ALL GRADES 
WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS. 
One profit—from producer to consumer. 
F. D. HEWITT, 120 Liberty St., New York 
PRIZE WINNING Registered Percherou Stall- 
' ions and Brood Mares for sale. Address 
G. R. KINNAN, Elkin, Indiana Co., Pa. 
LARGE WHITE YORKSHIRE PIGS.-^id? 
prize-winning, prolific strain, $20 to $25. Younger 
stock,both sexes,$12 up. Sam’l Fraser,Geneseo.N.Y. 
A YRSHIRE* FOR SALE-Our Annual Spring 
Sale Is now on. Canadian and home-bred 
strains, fresh Cows, Springers and Heifers, all ages. 
Herd headed by a son of Barcheskie King’s Oron 
Imp., the Champion Ayrshire Bull of the World; 
foundation herds and young stock a specialty, none 
reserved; all recorded; papers guaranteed to tit. 
F. M. BABCOCK, HillBide Farm. Gouverneur, N. Y. 
Oak Grove PoultryYards— BarredW,Buff P.Rocks,S.C.W. 
Leghorns. Eggs from utility stock $1 pr 15,$1.75 pr30, 
$5prl00; Exhibition matings $3 pr 15, $5 pr 30. Stock 
for sale. Mrs. R. P. Hines, Rockville, Md. R. No. 0. 
P ARTRIDGE WYANDOTTES—Beauty, util¬ 
ity. 13 Eggs, $2.00, 13 prizes on 12 birds at 
one show: a few heDS for sale. Oakwood Poultry 
Farm, O. H. Leavitt, Prop., Manchester, N.H.; lit. 0. 
B elle brand prepared oyster 
SHELL for Poultry. (Catalogue Free). 
LOUIS GREBB, - Baltimore, Md. 
120 EGG INCUBATOR 86.00 
Agents wanted for full line. Sample Hunm Incubator 
free to good agents. 90 days free trial: 20 year guaran¬ 
tee. Hatches every fertile egg; no experience needed. 
Catalogue free. HUMO HATCHER WKS, 
Dept. B-B, 804 Eighth Ave., New York. 
SQUAB BREEDERS ATTENTION 
In order to change my fancy, I offer my remain¬ 
ing stock of young Antwerp Homers at $1 per pair. 
Only 100 pairs left. REE) CROSS PIGEONERY 
2002 Jackson Street, Anderson, Indiana. 
How to Become a Chauffeur 7 o7 ! a 
Few Facts.” AUTOMOBILE EXCHANGE, 
Engineering Dept. 1416 Broadway, New Y'ork. 
Don’t Wear a Truss 
Brooks’ Appliance is a itew 
scientific discovery with auto¬ 
matic. air cushions that diaws 
the broken parts together and 
binds them as you would a 
broken limb. It absolutely 
holds firmly and comfortably 
and never slips, always light 
and cotfl and con forms to every 
movement of the body without 
chafing or hurting. I make it 
to your measure and send it to 
you on a strict guarantee of 
eatinfartion or money refund¬ 
ed and I have put my price so 
low that anybody, rich or poor, 
can buy it. Remember, I make 
It to your order—send it to you 
—you wear it—and if it doesn’t satisfy you, you send it back to 
me and I will refund your money. The banks or any responsi¬ 
ble citizen in Marshall will tell you that is the way I do busi¬ 
ness—always absolutely on the square and I have sold thou¬ 
sands of people this way for the past five years. Remember,! 
use no salves, no harness, no lies, no fakes. I just give you a 
straight business deul at a reasonable price. 
C. E. Brooks, 62i5Brooks Bldg., Marshall, Mich. 
KEROSENE 
15, 18, 20 Horse Power. 
ITikf/^IAfrC Great Saving of Cost in Operating 
Gasolene Engines— 
Manufactured solely by THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., 15tli aud Meagher Streets, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. 
