240 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 14, 
COMPARISON OF WHOLE MILK AND 
SEPARATOR CREAM. 
Can a cream separator give increased 
butter when I churn the whole milk? I 
churn the whole milk now, but separated 
milk will be used if the butter output is 
increased. P. M. O. 
Hopkinsville, Ivy. 
I cannot answer your question without 
the following information, as it is not a 
fair question as it stands. How much milk 
do you produce per day? Do you churn 
the sweet milk or let it stand until it 
contains a certain amount of lactic acid? 
What per cent of butter fat do you 
leave in your buttermilk, as determined 
by the Babcock test? c. s. g. 
BUTTERMAKING QUESTIONS. 
What is the right temperature of cream t 
for churning? What is the correct propor¬ 
tion of salt for one pound butter? Is there 
any rule for amount of butter color to be 
used for one pound butter or more? Di¬ 
rections on butter-color bottles often mis¬ 
lead. w. s. 
New York. 
The temperature of cream for churn¬ 
ing depends on the individuality of the 
cow; the period of lactation; the kind 
of food used; and the season of the 
year. Some cows naturally give milk 
containing butter fat which will melt at 
a much lower temperature than others, 
therefore it must be churned.at a lower 
temperature. As a rule, cream from cows 
that have been giving milk several 
months and are eating dry food at this 
season of the year, will necessarily re¬ 
quire a higher temperature for churning 
than cream from fresh cows which are 
on pasture in Summer. The range of 
temperature varies from about 50 de¬ 
grees F. in Summer to 66 or 68 degrees 
F. in Winter. From one-half to one 
ounce of salt per pound, accord'ng to 
the tastes of your customers. There is 
no rule except to use enough color to 
make the butter resemble the natural 
June color as nearly as possible. Care 
should be given not to use too much 
color, which would give the butter a red 
appearance. c. s. greene. 
Making a Cement Roof. 
In answer to K. W. L. about putting 
a cement roof over his shingles, I would 
not advise it, but to take his shingles 
all off, nail strips 1x2 inches lengthwise 
of the roof, about two inches apart; 
then cover with woven wire of about 
Vz to one inch mesh; put a band board 
all around the roof two inches above the 
sheathing; commence at the ridge, put 
two two-inch blocks six inches from the 
ridge to nail ridge roll to. Then see 
that rafters are well braced with wind 
beams, so that they are perfectly rigid. 
Commence to put on cement at the top; 
use a mixture of one to four or five, 
with clean sharp sand; nothing larger 
than will go through a quarter-inch 
mesh screen. Fill up level with the 
one-inch strips, then immediately cover 
this with a mixture of one to two 
cement, and work down smooth with 
float and trowel. Use only the best 
grade of Portland, and if roof is well 
braced this will outlast the building, if 
it is frame. We use this plan in our 
practice, and have good success with it, 
only we do not use the solid sheathing, 
but space our rafters 14 inches to cen¬ 
ters, with wire netting for reinforcing, 
and use a form board between, until 
the cement sets, and then remove it. 
Cement will not do on iron roofs. 
Alton Park, Tenn. c. s. P. 
On page 120 inquirer ask if old 
shingles should be removed before ap¬ 
plying cement for a roof. We would 
say don’t. If the shingles were removed 
the roof boards would have to be relaid, 
unless they were tight, or heavy paper 
laid on to hold the cement until it set; 
it also saves nailing on blocks to lay 
the wire on, and many around here are 
using poultry wire one inch mesh where 
it is laid on old shingles. Care should 
be taken not to cover the roof on a hot 
day, as it would crack in drying. The 1 
roof should .be gone over with a wash 
of all cement after it has set. Don’t 
spare elbow grease in spreading cement. 
Use clean sand or crushed stone, two 
sand, one cement, Portland. Nail wire 
on with staples or wire nails ; if nails 
are used, drive nearly in, then bend over 
the wire netting. n. b. f. 
FAST WORK 
Used on 
Thousand* 
of farms— 
Get the Fred 
Book that 
Tells you 
About It 
No Dead 
Furrows 
THE 
NATIONAL 
REVERSIBLE 
SULKY 
PLOW 
Right or left hand sulky or walking 
Plow—works perfectly on hilly ground 
in any sorl. Have your dealer show it 
or write for Free Book today. 
Belcher & Taylor A. T. Co. 
Box 75, Chicopee Falls, Mass. 
IT PAYS TO 
SPRAY 
The Iron Age 4-row Sprayer 
gives perfect satisfaction. Puts solu¬ 
tion fust where needed and in fog¬ 
like mist. Pump deliversspray under 
high pressure, thus reaching every 
part of vine, effectually kill¬ 
ing bugs and preventing 
blight. Has Orchard 
(spraying attach¬ 
ment. write for 
free Catalog 
Illustrating 
Sprayer 
and 
other 
Iron Aee 
Tools. 
A postal brings 
It. Write today. 
BATEMAN MFB.CO.,Bol I0ZS Brenlodi, K.l. 
THE INTER¬ 
NATIONAL 
In Actual Use. It has 
an Automatic Take - up 
Hoop. Self-Adjusting. 
A Continuous, Open 
Door Front. An easy 
Operating, Non-Sticking 
Door. A Permanent 
Ladder. Selected Tank 
Pine in. before dressing. 
Guaranteed Workman¬ 
ship. 
The International Silo Co., 
Erie St., JinesvUle, Fn., l .S.A, 
BLATGHFORDS 
CALF MEAL. 
Our BOOKLET plainly tells the story of 
Blatchford’s Calf Meal with convincing 
testimonials from some of the 20,000progressive 
farmers who have had excellent success with 
this perfect milk substitute It costs about 
half as much as milk. It prevents scouring. It 
is the oldest and best. It is free from mill feed. 
It is cooked. The Booklet is Free. Write for it. 
BLATCHFORIJ’S CALF MEAL FACTORY, 
Waukegan, Illinois. 
Established at Leicester, England, in 1800. 
SWEEPING 
FIELD 
THE 1908 IMPROVED 
DE LAVAL 
Cream 
SEPARATORS 
Sales to date more than 
double any previous year. 
New 1908 Catalogue—as interesting and superior as the 
machines themselves—to he had for the asking. 
The De Laval Separator Co, 
42 E. Madison Street, 
CHICAGO 
1213 k 1215 Filbert Street 
PHILADELPHIA 
Dhumm k Sacramento Sts. 
SAN FRANCISCO. 
General Offices: 
74 Cortlandt Street, 
NEW YORK. 
173-171 William Street 
MONTREAL 
14 k 16 Princess Street 
WINNIPEG 
107 First Street 
PORTLAND, OREC. 
AN INFLAMED TENDON 
NEEDS COOLING. 
AJJSORBINE 
"Will do it and restore the circulation, 
assist nature to repair strained, rup¬ 
tured ligaments more successfully than 
Firing. No blister, no hair gone, and 
you can use the horse. $2.00 per bottle, 
delivered. Book 2-C Free. 
ABSORBINE, JR., for mankind,"$L00 
bottle. Cures Strained Torn Ligaments, 
Varicose Veins, Varicocele, Hydrocele, en¬ 
larged Glands and Ulcers. Allays pain quickly 
W. F.Y0UN6, P.D.F. 88 Monmouth St .Springfield,Mass 
Free Veterinary Book 
Infallible guide. Makes every man 
his own horse doctor. Postage 2c. 
Tuttle’s Elixir 
lnsuressoundhorses. Curessplint, 
curb, spavin, etc. $100 reward 
for failure where cure is possible. 
TUTTLE’S ELIXIR CO.. 
30 Beverly St., Boston, Mass. 
Ec-ware of all blisters: they give 
only temporary relief, if any. 
LABEL 
DANA’S EAR LABELS 
are stamped with any name or address with serial 
numbers. They are simple, practical and a distinct 
and reliable mark. Samples Free. Agents Wanted. 
C. H. DANA, 
74 Main Street, West Lebanon, N. H. 
ifi 
FUMA 
99 kins Prairie Dogs, 
Woodchucks, Gophers, 
and Grain Insects. 
‘‘The wheels of the gods 
grind slow hut exceed¬ 
ingly small.” So the weevil, but you can stop their 
8 with “Fuma Carbon Bisulphide are doing. 
EDWARD R. TAYLOR, Penn Yan, N. Y. 
FREE 
-FEEDERS HAND 
BOOK 
with analysis 
tables and val¬ 
uable informa¬ 
tion about Ajax Flakes, the wonderful dairy feed. 
CHAPIN & CO., Inc. - _ Buffalo. N. V. 
Sold From Our Factory to Your 
/ Farm—Try It lor a Month on Approval 
—Just Write a Postal tor our Price 
Write us a postal today and we’ll tell you the special, low, 
y confidential price that we can make you direct for a New 
American Cultivator right now—and send you our Big American^ 
Cultivator Book Free. 
We can make this astonishingly low price because we sell direct frorn^ 
our factory to you. This direct dealing saves you all the dealers’’ 
profits, saves you all the traveling men’s salaries and expenses. Our’« 
direct-to-you price just covers the actual cost of manufacturing the machine, 
with oue reasonable profit added for ourselves on a 
New Arrvericarv Oultivator 
/ Now we can’t name a price in this advertisement. We don’t care to have dealers knowhow low 
' we are selling the New American this year on the direct-to-you plan. But if you are a farmer 
and want the best cultivator for your own use—just drop us a postal or letter telling us so. And 
we will at once send you a free catalog and quote you a confidential price that will surprise you. And 
remember the New American is the best and the Standard. Any user will tell you that. The only way 
to get the “real thing” is to order the up-to-date New American direct from us. No dealer can supply you 
for we don’t sell to dealers, because we want to save you dealers’ profits. We are the exclusive manu¬ 
facturers of the Old Reliable, Original New American Cultivator. To prove its superiority we allow 
30 Days Free Field Test Send For Our Free Book Today 
on every New American Cultivator. This enables you to prove to yourself, 
in your own way, by every test, that the New American is the best cultivator 
made—that it is all we claim it to be—that it will do all we claim it will do—that 
it will satisfy you absolutely—at all times in every way. If you don’t find all 
this absolutely true, we don’t want you to keep it, simply ship the machine 
back to us and you’re not out a penny. 
We do this because we want you to prove to yourself that the New 
American hasn’t an equal at any price. We don’t want you to be fooled on 
a substitute—we don’t want you to accept an imitation—because we know 
the only original New American is the only cultivator that will give you 
real satisfaction all the way through. 
We have been building this Cultivator for years and we’re going to 
keep right on building it for years to come. 
Just take this opportunity to get our confidential price to you 
direct and our Big, New American Cultivator Book Free by writing 
us a postal or letter now.— Address 
American Harrow Co 
•9 
168 Hastings Street 
Detroit, Michigan 
