764 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
October 3, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of tho writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
KEEP THEM AT HOME! 
The following members of the New York 
Senate voted against Governor Hughes in 
his efforts to remove the Superintendent 
of Insurance. Some of them have done so 
twice—others are backsliders. All have 
proved unworthy in a fair test. All are in 
districts where I he votes of farmers can 
defeat them. It should be the duty of 
every farmer to blacklist them and keep 
them away from Albany. Vote them out! 
JOTHAM P. ALLDS.Norwich, N. Y. 
S. PERCY HOOKER.LeRoy, N. Y. 
JOHN RAINES .Canandaigua, N. 1'. 
SANFORD \V. SMITH. .. .Chatham. N. Y. 
HORACE WHITE .Syracuse, N. Y. 
BEN.T. M. WILCOX.Auburn, N. Y. 
JOSEPH ACKROYD .Utica, N. Y. 
FRANK M>. BOYCE..East Sehodack, N. Y. 
FRANCIS H. GATES. .Chittenango, N. Y. 
WM. W. WEMPLE_Schenectady, N. Y. 
WM. T. O’NEIL_St. Regis Falls, N. Y. 
OWEN CASSIDY .Watkins. N. Y. 
FRUIT EXHIBIT AT THE STATE FAIR. 
Those in a -position to know, through ex¬ 
perience with past exhibits, said the fruit 
exhibit as a whole surpassed all previous 
State Fair fruit shows. There was not 
room for the fruit on the regular tables, so 
overflow benches were placed below these 
tables and even more space could have been 
utilized, as the tables were so crowded that 
exhibits could not be arranged attractively. 
Both the management and exhibitors hope 
the horticultural department will have the 
next new building erected, as better exhibits 
are next to impossible with the present 
room and arrangement. The prize for larg¬ 
est and best collection of fruit exhibited by 
any society in the State was competed for 
as usual by the Western New York State 
Horticultural Society and the New York 
State Fruit Growers’ Association. The 
prizes in this class are $350 for first and 
$250 for second. These exhibits occupied 
the central tables. The judge just called for 
a plate each of several varieties of the dif¬ 
ferent fruits shown, calling for the com¬ 
moner commercial varieties mostly, and 
judged these by comparison, giving credit 
for each plate to the society having the 
best. He then spent considerable time in 
looking over the entire exhibit of each so¬ 
ciety, and in scoring the soft fruit, peaches, 
plums and grapes. He next called for 
plates of 50 varieties of apples and 25 varie¬ 
ties of pears from each society. He scored 
all of these plates, using the score card 
adopted by Cornell University. This score 
card is as follows: Form, 15; size, 10; 
color, 20 ; uniformity, 20; quality, 15 ; free¬ 
dom from blemishes, 20; total, 100, is per¬ 
fection. The Western New York Horticul¬ 
tural Society led in number of varieties and 
arrangement of exhibit, the New York State 
Fruit Growers’ Association in total number 
of plates shown, quality of fruit scored and 
nomenclature. After two days and two 
nights of hard, faithful work on the part 
of the judge the first prize was awarded to 
the New York State Fruit Growers’ Asso¬ 
ciation by the small margin of 1.7 per cent. 
Between 4,900 and 5,000 plates of fruit 
were shown by these two societies. Apples 
led in quantity and quality, and pears came 
in for second place. Grapes were not of as 
good quality and fewer in number than a 
year ago, and plums and peaches were both 
light. Several county societies competed for 
the prizes offered in this class. The Ontario 
County Society won first with an exhibit 
shown almost entirely in commercial pack¬ 
ages, and the Orleans County second on a 
very fine collection, most of which, however, 
was shown on plates. The commercial pack¬ 
age is gaining favor in exhibits of this kind, 
and the commercial and show standpoints 
seem to bear closer relations than formerly. 
Uniformity, freedom from blemish and color 
are much more important than size, and any 
one can readily see from the score card 
mentioned above that size is given the least 
consideration and quality takes second place 
to several other qualifications. 
The individual exhibits were unusually 
fine and competition was keen. In collec¬ 
tions of from 10 to 40 varieties the larger, 
higher colored varieties make the best show¬ 
ing if uniform, but a few plates of large 
among a lot of smaller varieties breaks the 
harmony of the exhibit. The Geneva Experi¬ 
ment Station made the largest exhibit it has 
ever shown, filling three long three-deck ta¬ 
bles with fruit from the Station grounds. 
Their plums and grapes were exceptionally 
complete and fine. The exhibit gives a fine 
opportunity to study varieties, as they are 
all correctly labeled and their list most com¬ 
plete. To aid in this they have some of the 
best works on varieties that may be con¬ 
sulted by applying to members of the Sta¬ 
tion staff who are always in attendance. 
Colored plates of grapes were shown from 
the new book on grapes which is now in 
the printer’s hands, and belongs to the same 
series as “The Apples of New York.” A 
volume on plums is now in preparation and 
will follow the grape book. Photographs are 
being made this season from which the 
plates for the plum book will be reproduced. 
One of the Station’s new seedling grapes at¬ 
tracted much attention, and if it proves 
itself outside of the Station grounds it will 
be a valuable addition to the grape list. It 
is a white grape ripening a week or ten 
days ahead of Moore’s Early, and is much 
better in quality than any extra early vari¬ 
ety the writer has ever tested. It is, I be¬ 
lieve, a cross between Winchell and Moore's 
Diamond, and in quality resembles the lat¬ 
ter. 
The department of entomology was repre¬ 
sented by several members with cases contain¬ 
ing various insects in their different stages of 
development and the plants on which they 
had worked. The most destructive insects 
were represented, and the attendants were 
kept busy answering questions and instruct¬ 
ing in proper methods of control. The plant 
diseases were represented in like manner, 
and the attendants could hardly get breath 
during the busy hours for answering ques¬ 
tions about grape rot, bean antbracnose and 
various similar ills of the vegetable king¬ 
dom. Considerable space was devoted to 
Alfalfa, its enemies and diseases. One young 
man was heard to say in passing as he read 
one of the signs, “Effects of Lime and Bac¬ 
teria on Alfalfa,” “I’ve heard of them be¬ 
fore ; we have those diseases in our county.” 
But all were not as sure as this young 
man, and many interested in Alfalfa stopped 
and studied the exhibits, asked questions, 
and profited thereby. Many who have been 
unsuccessful iu establishing this economic 
plant on their farms will go home and try 
again and some at least will succeed. One 
feature of this exhibit was to show the 
effects of lime and bacteria, and bunches of 
Alfalfa cut from a certain area under the 
different treatments and many experiments 
in different parts of the State were illus¬ 
trated in this way. Four bunches were 
shown from each experiment; first from a 
check area, second from a limed area, third 
from an area that had been inoculated with 
bacteria and fourth from an area that had 
received both lime and bacteria. In some 
experiments neither lime nor bacteria seemed 
to be necessary; in others lime seemed to 
be more beneficial than bacteria, while in a 
few bacteria showed good results without 
the lime. From an experiment in Allegheny 
County the check plot and the bacteria plot 
were both complete failures, but the lime 
plot and the lime-bacteria plot both made 
a fine showing. The successes without the 
lime were mostly on soil of limestone for¬ 
mation. The most pronounced feature of 
this exhibit was that failure is due mostly 
to acidity of soil. Dodder and diseases of 
Alfalfa were displayed to advantage, and 
leguminous roots with nodules were shown 
in alcohol in glass tubes. The different 
forms on different plants were plainly dis¬ 
tinguishable. The good done by these ex¬ 
hibits is immeasurable. G. r. s. 
PRODUCTS, PRICES AND TRADE. 
Rubber. —The raw material continues 
high, about $1 per pound. This is said to 
be largely on account of the scarcity of 
native labor in the Brazilian rubber dis¬ 
tricts. Rubber grows in Africa and Ceylon, 
but the Amazon product is considered best. 
The demand for manufactured rubber of all 
kinds is very large, partly on account of the 
increased amount of electrical work and the 
use of rubber tires on vehicles. 
Denatured Alcohol trade has been 
rather slow owing to the high price of ma¬ 
terials from which it is made, and the lack 
of appliances for using it for light and fuel. 
The output at present from the half dozen 
manufactories in this country is about 
1,000 barrels per month, and the wholesale 
selling price runs a little under 50 cents. 
At retail it runs from 60 cents to $1, ac¬ 
cording to the ideas of the retailer. This 
is about on a par with the better grades of 
wood alcohol. 
Crop Comparisons. —At present the out¬ 
look for the following crops in this country 
as compared with the average for 10 years 
past is: 
Oats 1.1 per cent less; corn, two less; 
barley, two less; flax seed, five less; Spring 
wheat, three-tenths per cent less; white 
potatoes, seven less; sweet potatoes, three 
advance; rice, five advance; buckwheat, one 
advance ; tobacco, one advance ; cotton, three 
advance. As compared with last year, corn 
is one per cent less; oats, four less; barley, 
three less; cabbage, five less; onions, three 
less; cranberries, 10 less; sugar beets, six 
less; hops, nine less; buckwheat, 10 ad¬ 
vance ; oranges, four advance; and cotton 
four advance. The corn crop is still an un¬ 
certainty, as at least three weeks will be 
required to mature the corn in the northern 
part of the belt. 
basket. Selected stock sells from $1.50 up. 
Grapes have been selling low. The first of 
the Western N. Y. crop has arrived, Dela¬ 
wares wholesaling at 10 cents per four- 
pound basket. Some up-River stock has 
sold below seven cents for baskets of the 
same size. Pears of all the standard rari¬ 
ties are on hand, choice Bartletts selling 
at the highest price. Seckel usually brings 
as much, but this year Bartletts are so 
undersized that the proportion of the crop 
ranking as first quality is small. Kieffers 
bring $1 to $2 per barrel, wholesale, and 
considering the heavy crop of Kieffers, they 
would seem to be most profitable this* year. 
The local market for Fall apples is in fair 
condition, the showy varieties, like Alexan¬ 
der and Twenty Ounce, have sold from $3.50 
down to $2 per barrel. The news regarding 
Winter apples is still conflicting. Some 
Western N. Y. orchards are reported sold 
for $1 per barrel, with $1.50 for fancy. 
In other section growers are holding out 
for $1.75 and $2. w. w. h. 
Success With Limas in a Garden. 
The past Spring I sowed the seed of 
Challenger Limas in a cold frame. While 
they were growing I made 25 hills, placing 
a forkful of manure and scant handful of 
ground bone in each; then set the poles. 
When the ground was warm I transplanted 
the beans, setting three plants to each pole. 
They were then six inches high. I lost only 
one plant. In cutting some long grass I 
mulched four hills, and in a few days was 
astonished to see how the mulched hills 
outstripped the others; then I mu ?hed all, 
and never had a finer crop in quality and 
quantity, besides gaining considerable time 
in maturity, as they were much earlier than 
my neighbors. a. h. s. 
Passaic Co., N. J. 
Canada Peas for Green Manure. 
Is the Canada field pea a leguminous 
plant? Would it be a good crop to plow 
under for green manuring? b. s. 
East Greenwich, R. I. 
Yes, the Canada pea, like all pod-bearing 
plants, has the power of taking nitrogen 
from the soil. We do not consider it as 
good a crop for the purpose as the cow pea. 
The Canada pea needs cool weather for its 
growth. It should be seeded as early in the 
Spring as possible. Like garden peas, it will 
not make a good growth in hot weather. 
Many people seem to think the Canada pea 
is like the cow pea. Never sow the epw 
pea early in the season and never sow 
the Canada pea in Summer. We think the 
Canada pea is better for hay or forage 
seeded with oats. 
YOU are in wnnt of anything for 
Orchard, Vineyard, Lawn, Park, 
Street, Garden or Greenhouse, 
why not patronize the old, 
reliable, up-to-date, S. & H. 
CO., who have made a spe¬ 
cialty of defiling direct with 
planters over half a century? 
Seeds, Bulbs, Roses, Shrubs, 
Vines, Mail-Size Trees, Etc. 
by mail, postpaid, safe arrival 
and satisfaction guaranteed. 
Large orders and large trees 
by express or freight. Cata¬ 
logue No. 1 FREE to buvers cf 
Fruit and Ornamental Trees: 
No. 3 to buyers of Holland and 
other Bulbs, Roses, Ferns, 
Palms and Greenhouse Plants 
in general. Try ns. 54 years. 
44 greenhouses. 1200 acres. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO. 
Box 8, Painesville, Ohio. 
FRUIT TREES 6 PLANTS DIRECT FROM BEARING 
ORCHARDS AT WHOLESALE PRICES 
For Fall Planting we offer Bart- 
let Pear, Plum, Apple and Cherry 
Trees, Loudon Raspberry, Cur¬ 
rant and Gooseberry bushes. 
Send us a list of what you in¬ 
tend buying and we will save you 
money by quoting our wholesale 
price freight paid. Write for free 
catalogue. Send 10c for 1 McIn¬ 
tosh apple tree, postpaid. 
MALONEY BROS,, 6 WELLS, Box 25, Dansville, N. Y . 
f |f f Booklet on CATALPA TREES 
► frBr f P* Let me tell you about the 150 acres 
■ ■ yh. ■■■ lam growing for Telephone Poles. 
ThiB wood takes the place of Ash and Hickory for Car¬ 
riage-makers’ uses. Beats farming Two to One. 
H. C. IiOGEltS, Box 11, Meclianicsburg, Ohio 
THK ENORMOUS YIELD of 50.000 quarts of 
* Strawberries now growing by my system on 
one acre. Send for CHART. 
KEVITT'S PLANT FARM. Athenia, N. J. 
WANTED.—Alfalfa Hay, 
NOW and later. Quote delivered. 
R. F. SHANNON, Sewickley, All’y Co., Penn. 
F OR SALE—Six carloads of bright groan aldke and timothy 
hay $11, f. o. b. my Btation. J. S. MOUSE, Levanna, N. Y. 
APPLE BARRELS^isSx’; 
Cnn QAI C—Valuable Fruit and Grass Farm, 
run OHLL 171 acres, 6 miles from Worcester, 
Mass. High land, fine view, 94 mile to large manu¬ 
facturing village, on main line Boston and Albany 
Railroad. Schools, stores, churches, depot, etc. 
1.800 young trees, best varieties Pear, Apple, Peach 
and Plum. 100,000 feet lumber, 600 cords wood. 
Buildings poor. Price $5,250 $3,000 cash, balance 
at 6 per cent. 
BYRON CLARK, 452 Main Street, Worcester, Mass. 
BANK DEPOSITS GUARANTEED 
by STATE of OKLAHOMA. Your money 
absolutely safe. We pay 4$» on deposits. 
Draw your money any time. Largest State 
Bank in Oklahoma. Capital $200,000. Write 
for booklet “N.” 
We sell 6# School, County and City Bonds. 
OKLAHOMA TRUST CO„ Muskogee, Okla. 
All up-to-date Fruit Growers watch 
for the Bulletin of the buyers of 1909 
model “Friend” Power Sprayers. 
“ FRIEND ” MFG. CO., Gasport, N. Y. 
l 
SIO Value in Trees for $3.50 
TT7’HERE can you find such bargains in fruit 
~ * trees as are offered below ? Many other sim¬ 
ilar club offers are made in our new illustrated 
catalog. JSTo, sir. We do not send this catalog un¬ 
less you ask for it by postal card. 
2 Bartlett Pear 2 Montmorency Cherry (Medium) 2 Burbank Plum (Medium) 
2 Kieffer Pear 1 English Morello Cherry (Late) 2 York State Prune (Medium) 
2 Early Richmond Cherry (Early) 2 Abundance Plum (Early) 2 Thanksgiving Prune (Late) 
EYTR A —To those who order before October 20th : 1 New Diploma Currant and 1 Two- 
E.A I fill Year Live Forever Rose. Trees all 5 to 6 feet, 2 years old. 
$10 Value A.11 For $3.50 
No. 2—GREEN’S PLUM ORCHARD All For $3 
20 TREES FOR $S.OO. BEST 2-YEAll TREES 4 TO 5 FT. 
Abundance, Burbank, Niagara, Lombard, 
Shropshire Damson, Thanksgiving Prune, etc. 
20 IN ALL FOR $3.00 
rnrr —On all orders received before October 20th: 1 New 
rtlLL Diploma Cnrrant and 1 Two-Year Lire Forever Rose. 
No. 3—BARTLETT PEAR TREES 
20,000—Not enough trees last spring by 20,000 
This Fall Plenty for All. 
OUR OFFER 
10 Bartlett Worth $5.00 with 10 Kieffer Worth $3.00 
ALL FOR $5.00 
To introduce our stock for this fall’s shipment. 
All High Grade Trees. No San Jose Scale. 
Now is the time to order plants, trees, etc., in October. 
Don’t fail to send for our big Ft'uit Catalog. 
GREEN’S NURSERY COMPANY, 
ROCHESTER, NEW YORK. 
Six varities of Healthy, Thrifty, one and two 
year old Roots. Also a full line of Trees, Plants, 
Vines, California Privet, Garden Tools, Spray 
Pumps and Mixtures. Write for catalog ana 
valuable Spraying Chart. It’s free. 
Arthur J. Collins. Box It, Moorestown, N. J. 
Fruits. —Most of the peaches on hand at 
this writing are basket stock, with a high 
percentage of small and unattractive fruit, 
which retails at 50 to 75 cents per 14-quart 
THIS BEAUTIFUL PROFITABLE FRUIT FARM-80 ACRES—FOR SALE 
or TRADE at a great bargain. Located 20 miles from Indianapolis, lnd. 25 acres strawberries, and 
all kinds of fruits. Everything in good condition-a beautiful sight. For particulars, address 
O-. Gr. FRY, IndiaTLapolis, luci. 
