THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
November 7, 
o ,c' o 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by tho name 
and address of tho writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. But questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
Building Material in Compost. 
C. B., Freeport. L. J .—Lot mo know the 
value of ihe residue of a burned-down resi¬ 
dence in composting with muck. The resi¬ 
due would be in about tho proportion of 
00 per cent sand, 20 per cent lime and 
20 per cent ashes. As the lime is cal¬ 
cined by the heat to tho extent of reduc¬ 
ing it to a powder it might have nearly 
the value of quicklime. I have fiO car¬ 
loads of muck and one-half acre of upland 
garden with light and heavy soil, in fruit 
and vegetable garden. 
Ans.—A bout all we can do is guess 
at this value. It would be rather hard 
to get a sample that would be a fair 
average for all the pile. A fair guess 
at the value would be $1.50 a ton. The 
way to use it would be to compost the 
muck. Start with a layer of muck about 
a foot deep and scatter the ashes from 
the burned building over it. Then use 
more muck and then more ashes until 
the pile is complete. Fork it all over 
twice through the Winter, and in the 
Spring it will be in good condition to 
use. 
The Crosby Peach. 
This peach has been highly praised by 
experts in Ontario and some parts of New 
England, while in some oilier parts of the 
conn!ry it is but little thought of. We have 
asked .T. II. Hale, of Connecticut, for his 
opinion. 
The Crosby peach is a variety that 
has some points of superiority over al¬ 
most all others in the country, and yet 
it is generally despised and unappre¬ 
ciated, except in northern Massachu¬ 
setts, southern Vermont, and New 
Hampshire, and in portions of Ontario 
and some sections of Iowa and Ne¬ 
braska, where it is extremely profitable. 
It is hard-.y in bud and fruit where 
many others fail entirely. It is the 
sweetest and richest in flavor of any of 
the yellow varieties, and has such a 
small pit that you get a whole lot of 
peach, even though individual specimens 
are not very large. It is always in¬ 
clined to over-bear, and consequently is 
generally small in size; but properly 
thinned, then thinned over again, and 
with a good deal higher feeding than is 
required with most varieties, some won¬ 
derful results can be obtained. The duli 
woolly appearance can almost entirely 
be grown off by liberal thinning and 
increased size of peach. It will astonish 
every peach grower in America to be 
told that the largest size peach that I 
ever saw in my life was a Crosby; not a 
single specimen either, but hundreds of 
them. The trees were on very rich land 
and only about three hundred specimens 
were allowed to each tree, the trees be¬ 
ing 10 years old. Still I should never 
put forth the claim that it was a large 
nor an attractive peach, but it has many 
points of merit not to be despised. 
J. H. HALE. 
Pumping Questions. 
J. W. F.. Sunbury, Pa .—What pump 
would you advise to pump water out of a 
well 15 feet deep up a hill to a reservoir 
about 100 feet elevation? Are not the cen¬ 
trifugal and rotary pump the same, and 
would they be satisfactory for such a place? 
How much water would a 1.5-inch pipe 
carry, that is, how many gallons per min¬ 
ute with an ordinary pump? How much 
would a 1.25-inch pipe carry? 
Ans. —The centrifugal and rotary 
pumps are different types. Neither 
would be suitable for the purpose named 
if water must oe lifted 100 feet. For 
this purpose one of the reciprocating 
force pumps with an air chamber would 
be required. The amount of water car¬ 
ried by either a 1.5 or a 1.25-inch dis¬ 
charge pipe would depend upon the 
diameter of the pump cylinder, the 
length of stroke and the number of 
strokes per minute. A three-inch cylin¬ 
der with a 12-inch stroke, making 30 
strokes per minute, would discharge 11 
gallons, through either pipe, more power 
being required for the smaller pipe be¬ 
cause the water would have to flow 
through it more rapidly. This would 
apply an inch of water, on the level, to 
1060 square feet per hour. If it is de¬ 
sired to use the water for irrigation 100 
feet is a pretty high lift, and if applying 
it directly to the ground would aid 
materially in the distance the water has 
to be elevated, it is likely to be more 
satisfactory to apply the water directly 
to the ground, doing away with the 
reservoir. A gasoline engine of not less 
than 2.5 horse-power would be required 
to lift this amount of water, with an or¬ 
dinary reciprocating force pump, to a 
height of 100 feet. f. h. king. 
Winter Feeding for Bees. 
A. L. B., Westrille, Conn. —What can I 
feed my bees Ibis coming Winter? The 
swarm is quite large, and while they have 
an abundance of honey now I am sure it 
will not last through the Winter season. 
I lost two hives that way last year, and 
would like to prevent it if possible. I am 
only a now beginner and have much to learn 
about the Dees, I suppose. 
Ans. — A colony of bees needs to have 
at least 25 pounds of honey in the hive 
for Winter stores; 30 would be safer. 
If they have not that amount, feed 
honey if you have it; if not, then the 
best granulated sugar. Mix the sugar 
with water slightly warm, equal parts 
by measure, stir until dissolved and 
feed warm. If you have no regular 
feeder you can use a small pan. Re¬ 
move the fixtures from a super and set 
the pan on top of the frames, inside the 
super; fill pan with the syrup and 
spread a cloth over the syrup so that 
the bees can crawl over it and take up 
the feed without getting into it. A 
good way is to fill the pan of syrup with 
short grass, anything that will keep 
them from getting daubed, as they will 
crowd each other in and many he 
drowned. It is well to close the en¬ 
trance nearly up with a stick when 
feeding to prevent robbing by other col¬ 
onies not being fed. The super must 
also be covered absolutely bee tight, or 
robbers will make trouble. It is best to 
feed towards night if it is fairly warm. 
As soon as they have taken down the 
feed the pan should ire removed, and 
the quilt put over the frames, the empty 
super set on top of the quilt and filled 
with chaff, or some other light packing, 
unless you have a better way of protect¬ 
ing them for Winter. j. a. crane. 
PRODUCTS, PRICES AND TRADE. 
Potatoes. —Some choice Long Island 
stock is reported to have brought $3 per 
barrel, but the general run of State and 
Jersey have sold at $2 or under. 
Cabbage. —The market is advancing, with 
an outlook for considerably higher prices. 
Local Jersey growers are getting $1 to $1.25 
per barrel for ordinary cabbage delivered in 
New York. On account of the drought the 
heads are smaller and the cabbage tougher 
than usual. Worms have been very trou¬ 
blesome. The variety known as Autumn 
King is turning out poorly this year, the 
heads being spongy and not fully grown. 
It is an enormous yielder when conditions 
are right, but in this unfavorable year 
varieties like Succession are more reliable. 
Fruits. —Apple trade is moderate, with a 
surplus of medium grades. McIntosh is 
bringing top price, and I have never seen 
finer specimens than those offered at pres¬ 
ent. It leads Alexander and Twenty Ounce 
in appearance and is far ahead in quality. 
Winter varieties are too bard to interest 
local consumers, though some retail dealers 
are handling Kings. 
Ax Egg Problem —“Those eggs are four 
months old.” This frank statement was 
made by a man who sells, as a side line, 
eggs from one to two weeks old. He has 
a trade in soda fountain and bar eggs, and 
these customers will not lake ordinary or 
storage stock. Ho tries to make it clear 
to those who ship eggs that he cannot use 
anything hut fresh gathered, that if others 
are sent they will have to be turned over to 
the regular dealers to sell for what they 
will bring. Yet it seems that some ship¬ 
pers tbink that now and then a case of 
storage eggs can be worked in and no one 
will know the difference. A good many 
ordinary consumers do not, but this is not 
true of the trade or those who know fresh 
eggs. An egg candler can read an egg’s 
character as readily as though the shell 
were off. In fact when an egg Is held be¬ 
fore the opening in the tin tube enclosing 
the candler’s light, it does not appear to have 
any shell at all. The shipper of the four- 
months’ old eggs referred to had been send¬ 
ing the right kind for some time and had 
been told definitely that no others were 
wanted. The receiver had begun to feel 
that the eggs could be depended on when 
this case of ancienls arrived. They looked 
nice, and were “Sound, kind and gentle,” 
as Ihe horse auctioneer says, hut were not 
now laid, hence useless for this man’s 
trade. He sold them through a regular egg 
dealer, and on account of the additional 
handling expense, the shipper netted less 
Ilian he should, besides losing the confidence 
of the receiver. 
Bank Directors. —The Comptroller of the 
Currency is bringing mingled wrath and ridi¬ 
cule upon himself by a proposition to test 
the fitness of directors of National banks 
for these positions. The plan is that bank 
examiners shall submit a list of questions 
to the directors of the hank under investi¬ 
gation. These questions are somewhat 
searching, requiring more than a casual 
knowledge of the hank’s affairs to answer. 
Do the directors have any definite knowledge 
regarding the safety of the hank’s loans, 
which they are alleged to approve? Have 
they ever verified the outstanding certificates 
of deposit, certified cheeks and cashier’s 
checks? and so on. In short, do the direc¬ 
tors have anything more than the merest 
superficial acquaintance with the vital af¬ 
fairs of the bank they are supposed to safe¬ 
guard, and, in some, measure, direct? 
Comptroller Murray’s critics say that 
while such questions might be asked of the 
directors of a small country bank, they 
are absurd and impertinent when applied 
to the money kings whose names are on 
the directorales of the large city hanks. IIow 
could these men he supposed to know any¬ 
thing about the details of the hank’s work¬ 
ings? Those matters are for the officers to 
attend to. How indeed can a man who is 
a director in from 50 to 75 great corpora¬ 
tions give attention to the details of any? 
Let him attend the meetings, draw his fee 
for so doing, give perfunctory approval of 
the acts of the officers, and all is well. 
Again, it might be embarrassing if the 
matter of loans were looked into too cai - e- 
fully, and the discovery was made that a 
brother director was borrowing large sums 
on wildcat security and settling overdrafts 
by getting further loans from the misused 
hank, as has been shown in a trial now in 
progress in this city. 
Perhaps the Compfroller may not be suffi¬ 
ciently familiar with up-to-date hanking 
methods, as some of his critics state, but in 
this matter he is showing something alarm¬ 
ingly akin to hard business sense. It will 
he a cause for thankfulness if his efforts 
result in weeding out some of the dummy 
hank directors. But even worse than a 
dummy is the big man of good reputation 
who gives the influence of his name to en¬ 
terprises inviting public trust, yet is densely 
ignorant of their vital workings. 
_ w. w. H. 
While forest land will not afford so much 
pasture as cleared land, it is excellent to 
use in conjunction with grass land. When 
dry weather comes on in Summer the cattle 
feed on brush and briers and do well, 
when grass in open fields becomes dry. 
Where forest land is pastured, grass soon 
begins to creep in and becomes better pas¬ 
ture each year. My own stock roams over 
400 or 500 acres of mountain and valley, 
cleared land and forest, and I often see 
cattle reaching up into the young trees for 
leaves as high as they can reach. I do not 
think it hurts the timber, has something 
like the effect of pruning; the trees grow 
higher. I have seen statements made in 
some of our papers that leaves contain as 
much nutriment as grass. This year I am 
getting as much feeding value from one- 
quarter acre of weeds ( for hogs) as from 
anything I raise. Forest land affords both 
feed and shade. I am fencing a lot of wood 
land now with plain round wire (No. .11), 
stapling wire to trees; makes a cheap fence. 
Warren Co., N. Y. S. c. A. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 10. 
SAVE HALF Your 
Paint Bills 
By using INGERSOLL PAINT — proved 
best by 66 years’ use. It will please you. 
Only Paint endorsed by the “Grange.” 
Made in all colors,—for all purposes. 
DELIVERED FREE. 
From the Mill Direct to You at Factory Prices. 
INGERSOLL PAINT BOOK —FREE 
Tells all about Paint and Painting for Durability. 
How to avoid trouble and expense caused by paints 
fading, chalking and peeling. Valuable information 
free to you. with Sample Color Cards. Write me. DO 
XT NOW. I can cave you money. 
0. W. Ingersoll, 246 Plymouth St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 
The salaries paid by Uncle Sam 
to Civil Service employees equal 
and exceed those paid in any branch 
of private commercial life. Thous¬ 
ands of appointments are made 
annually. To learn how yon can 
scc.nrc a pood government positirn 
by qualifying at home to pass any 
Civil Service Examination, write 
to-day for free Civil Service Hook. 
International Correspondence Schools, 
1)0X1158, bci union, l’a. 
RAW FURS WANTED 
Send for reliable prices. Ready about Dec. 1st. 
LEMUEL BLACK, Lock Box 338. Hightstown, N. J. 
SAN JOSE SCALE 
Killed with Lime Sulphur Wash made 
with Bergenport Brand Sublimed 
FLOWERS of SULPHUR 
T. & S. C. WHITE CO., 
100 William Street, 
New York. 
RUNNING WATER ON FARM 
THE AERM0T0R GASOLINE ENGINE 
is deHigned to supply water for the farm 
building. This out lit insures a supply of 
water at all times ami the.price is within 
the reach of every farmer. Pump cap.—1600 
gals, per hour, 15 ft. elevation: 800 gals ,*25 
ft.; 400 gals., 50 ft. $4*2.50 Delivered at 
K.R. Nta. Write for descrip¬ 
tive Catalogue No. 5 giving 
full information. 
J. H. KDWAKDS« 
59 Park Place, N. Y. 
—99 ! 'Xoo % Pure— 
American Ingot Iron Roofing 
Guaranteed For 30 Years 
Without Painting 
The Only Guaranteed Metal Roofing ever put on the 
market. Samples free. Write for a free book showing 
remarkable tests. A way out of your roof troubles. 
THE AMERICAN IRON ROOFING CO.. Dept. D, ELYRIA, OHIO 
THE ENORMOUS YIKLD of 50,000 Quarts of 
* Strawberries now growing by my system on 
one acre. Send for OH A RT. 
KEVITT S PLANT FARM. Athenia, N. J. 
r A n Q a I p 700,000 I.iicretin Dewberry Plants. Price 
rUn OH LK~ list free. Miciiaki. N. Boroo, Vineland, N.J. 
WANTED.—Alfalfa Hay, 
NOW and later. Quote delivered. 
R. F. SHANNON, Sewickley, All’yCo., Penn. 
CALIFORNIA PRIVET 
Shade Trees, Spruce and Arbor 
Vi tee Hedging. 
Cherry Trees a Specialty. Turks and Plants by 
Mail Postpaid will save you express costs. Send for 
our Catalogue, (It is Free), it will tell you tho rest. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., Hightstown, N. J. 
WE MAIL OUR CATALOGUE FREE. 
DON’T RUST FARM FENCE 
Sold direct to farmers at man¬ 
ufacturers’ prices. Catalogue 
free. Freight prepalu. 
THE WARD FENCE CO. 
Box 885 Decatur, Ind. 
ROWN FENCE 
B l 
Strongest, most durable fence 
made. Heaviest, closest wires. Double 
( galvanized. Practically indestructible. Stock 
strong.Chicken tight. 15 to 35c per rod Sample Free.We pay frt.' 
The Brown Fence & Wire Co., Dept. 53, Cleveland, Ohio, 
lif JkftlTC VI —Standing timber, basswood, white 
TV All I ELU ash, elm and other hard woods. 
Car lots only. Write what you have, how much, 
how located for mill and freight station and price 
asked BACON & COMPANY, Appleton, N. Y. 
ADIT) a —Want more farmers for best 
1* lvUtXlUA County in State. Write for booklet 
containing description, county map 
and list ot lands actually for sale. Ardress 
Buooksvillk Board Of trade. Brooksvllle, Fla. 
How to Keep Farm Accounts 
Particulars Free. Steiner & Co., Toledo, Ohio 
WANTED 
HAY OF ALL GRADES 
WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS. 
One profit—from producer to consumer. 
F. D. HEWITT, 120 Liberty St., New York 
i 
FOR 
^^HOT-BEDS 
and Cold frames 
The double layer of glass does it 
Lets in the light always. 
Never has to be covered or uncovered; no 
boards or mats needed. 
Retains the heat, excludes the cold. 
Saves three-fourths of the labor and expense 
and makes stronger and earlier plants than 
single-glass sash. 
Ask for catalog O It tells all about it 
■ ■ i * ■■ ■ ■ Address, — ■ xi » iuja 
Sunlight Double-Glass Sash Co. 
506 Floyd Street LOUISVILLE, KY. 
