1908. 
THIS RURAL NEW-YORKER 
873 
TALKS WITH A LAWYER. 
Trespassing Cattle. 
My neighbor has loosened the wires of 
a division fence in such a way that his 
cattle get through and injure my crops. 
What are my rights? r. w. d. 
New Jersey. 
If you can prove these facts you can re¬ 
cover for all the injury with costs for the 
trespass. You should demand that he re¬ 
imburse you for your loss. The courts have 
small respect for a man who will tear 
down a division fence. 
Children’s Claim Against Estate. 
A woman dies, leaving a will. Two of 
the children now file claims against the 
estate for work and service at the rate of 
$5 per week for a period of 20 years. Can 
they collect? s. c. j. 
Maryland 
They cannot recover for these reasons: 
First, children who work for their parents 
are presumed to do it as parent and child, 
and not as master and servant; that is, 
the work, support and maintenance is 
presumed to be gratuitous on each side. 
Neither can collect from the other un¬ 
less a contract is clearly shown. This 
is true even if the children are adults. 
Second, a person setting up a claim against 
a dead party must show by strong evidence 
that there was a contract made and that 
the claim is a reasonable one. The law 
protects the estates of the dead, otherwise 
there would be no end of fraud. Third, the 
claims are outlawed; they cannot collect 
for so long a period. 
POWER FOR A PUMPING PLANT. 
On page 749 L. L. L. asks informa¬ 
tion concerning hot-air pumping engines 
and windmills. While *1 do not claim 
to know all about them, I have had 
a number of years’ experience with them 
in places where I have been employed. 
On one place there was a windmill with a 
10-foot wheel which had a tower 5.1 feet in 
height directly over a drilled well 101 feet 
in depth. This well always had about GO 
feet of water in it at all times. The wind¬ 
mill furnished water for family of 10, also 
a large garden and stable. There were 
times, though, when the water had to he 
carefully husbanded because of a lack of 
wind. This windmill pumped water into a 
tank with a capacity of 5,000 gallons, which 
was elevated 10 feet from the ground; This 
gave plenty of force all over the place, the 
water being carried in %-inch pipe all over 
the garden, half an acre, and lawn of same 
size. 
On another part of the same place was 
•n Ericsson hot-air pump, which furnished 
water from another drilled well, also 101 
feet in depth. Both of these wells were 
near the ocean, and although they were 
sunk at least GO feet below the level of the 
sea the water was fine. They were drilled 
through solid ledge. The water was raised 
to a -large tank in the attic of the dwelling 
(2% stories) nearby. The pump is very 
easy to operate, simply heat the air in the 
hot-air box (which I have in less than 20 
minutes) and having oiled the engine turn 
the balance wheel and it will pump nicely 
as long as there is heat enough to run it. 
I have run this-pump 12 hours a day a week 
at a time in times of drought, with only a 
good-sized hod of coal a day. This pump 
filled a one-inch pipe in good shape, and 
gave us plenty of force to water a large 
lawn and flower beds, also supplying a large 
stable on the place. Of course the pump is 
more costly than the windmill, but it is also 
more reliable. It would have to be pro¬ 
tected in Winter, as it has a water jacket 
and other parts that would be liable to in¬ 
jury from freezing. j. a. g. 
South Portland, Me. 
Page 749 you ask experience on raising 
water. A windmill is best if you can get it 
oiled easily (safely) and have an elevation 
in which you can put a cistern of sufficient 
capacity to store enough on windy days to 
carry you over windless ones. I had an 
Efclipse wood wheel that in nine years re¬ 
quired repairs of $1.30, and that was care¬ 
lessness on part of caretaker. Next is the 
hot-air engine, and I am not quite sure but 
that is the best; I have used a 10-inch one 
for 3G hours at a stretch without attention 
except oiling at a cost of iy 2 cent per hour 
on natural gas, pumping vertically about 80 
feet through 1.400 feet horizontally to cis¬ 
tern on rise of 40 feet. An electric motor 
is expensive on current unless you generate 
your own for other puuposes at the same 
time. I use a natural gas engine to run a 
generator for current; at the one operation 
I can make light, charge storage light bat¬ 
teries, an cleclric automobile, and run the 
motors to separate the milk and churn at 
same time we are pumping our water to a 
storage cistern. These three methods I have 
used. I suggest, lastly, pumping by a gaso¬ 
line engine, which can be utilized for labor- 
saving in separating and churning. Kemem- 
ber, the hot-air engine is good only for 
pumping; it will not do anything else, and 
you can pretty near_gamble a windmill will 
not either. Traveling through the country 
lately it has been very forcibly brought to 
me how poorly off many farmers have been 
through this long drought, carrying water 
for nearly all purposes in many localities, 
forgetting when the rain comes the weary 
trips; then the question comes many times, 
as I asked last week a neighbor of much 
money. "Why do you not build cisterns, one 
containing sand and gravel to filter, and so 
have at your disposal the very best water 
our good Lord provides?” Our drinking 
water for 30 year.? has been such filtered 
water, absolutely pure and soft. 
R. F. SHANNON. 
Answering the inquiry of L. L. L. I will 
say that I was manager of a farm where 
there was a windmill and an Ericsson hot¬ 
air engine, and from my two years’ experi¬ 
ence would not buy a hot-air engine. In 
order to have as little smut as possible you 
should buy (I did) a better grade of oif 
than I used for the house lamps, and even 
then it would smut up so it would stop 
running. The engine is regulated by the 
amount of oil you turn on. I had a man 
come up from the works to put in some 
new burners and look the engine over; when 
he got done I told him to set it pumping as 
we needed more water and I wanted the 
pump tested, and ho told mo about regu¬ 
lating, etc. I said I already knew it, as I 
had been using the engine for over a year. 
I took him to the station; when I got back 
I went to look at the engine and it had 
run away with itself and needed consider¬ 
able repairs. Sometimes I could got it going 
in 15 minutes and sometimes it would take 
45 to GO. I have used and been well satis¬ 
fied with a gasoline engine for pumping. 
There are some that are air-cooled. 
£5. D. G. 
Fruits for New Mexico. 
Z. T. G., Haile, N. M .—I wish to plant 
an orchard here of about 20 acres, consist¬ 
ing of apples, pears, plums, cherries and 
quinces, but principally apples. What veri¬ 
ties are most suitable for this part of New 
Mexico, Guadeloupe Co.? We are said to be 
4.800 feet above sea level, and have about 
22 inches of rainfall; this falls principally 
during the Summer months. We had a 
long drought in the Spring, which was hard 
on early planted grain and fruit trees, but 
since July 1 have had good season and 
crops are good, but this is a new country 
and nearly all crops are on sod land, with 
no orchards nearer than 20 or 25 miles. 
I am told that while they are doing well 
the owners do not know what they planted. 
Ans.— Apple growing in the valleys 
of New Mexico is usually very success¬ 
ful, and I have seen very profitable 
orchards containing the pear, peach 
and plum as far south as northern 
Mexico, but I do not remember having 
seen the cherry or quince there. How¬ 
ever, I believe they will succeed, and I 
have seen very fine specimens from the 
Pecos Valley, which is one of the best 
regions for growing orchard fruits in 
America. The leading varieties of the 
apple that have been proved to be well 
adapted to New Mexico are Jonathan, 
Winesap, Rome Beauty, Yellow New¬ 
town and the old Ben Davis, poor as it 
is in quality. But the latter is becom¬ 
ing less popular as the better varieties 
are becoming known, and very justly so. 
Among the newer kinds Delicious and 
Stayman are becoming quite successful. 
Among the pears Bartlett is the prin¬ 
cipal variety. Comice is being grown to 
some extent and gives promise of being 
one of the most profitable of all pears, 
as it is on the Pacific Coast. Winter 
Nelis and Easter are very late varieties 
of good quality. The Fellenberg prune 
is one of the very best, and is the same 
kind that leads all others in the Far 
West, but under the name “Italian.” 
There is more profit in the sweet cher¬ 
ries than with the sour ones. Bing, Lam¬ 
bert and Napoleon are the best of them. 
Of the sour varieties Richmond and 
English Morello are the best. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Sea Manure. —On page 836 mention 
was made of some of the ways in which 
plant food drained into the lakes and 
ocean is regained. Fish and seaweed 
bring much of this fertility back. The 
U. S. Consul in Tasmania tells what is 
being done in that State: 
“An interesting feature of the big 
apple orchards in the vicinity of Hobart 
is the use of dead sharks and barra- 
couta for manuring the soil and increas¬ 
ing the yield of apples. Sharks and 
barracouta are in great abundance in the 
D’Entrecasteaux Channel, Storm Bay, 
and other waters about southeastern 
Tasmania, and are caught especially for 
their use as fertilizers for the orchards, 
about three sharks or 10 barracouta 
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