966 
THE RXJRA-L NEW-YORKER 
December 12, 
Ruralisms 
One of the Best Lilies. —For prac¬ 
tical garden purposes the colored varie¬ 
ties of Lilium speciosum, formerly 
known as L. land folium, without doubt 
take the highest rank. The white-flow¬ 
ered kinds, such as Speciosum album 
and Krsetzeri, are fine and useful, but 
rarely lasting under ordinary cultural 
conditions. They are really best adapt¬ 
ed for growing under glass. The pink 
or rose-colored varieties are far more 
vigorous, and strongly establish them¬ 
selves in congenial situations, forming 
magnificent clumps of foliage and 
bloom. They are propagated to a con¬ 
siderable extent in Europe and more 
abundantly in Japan, their natural home. 
Thousands are imported into this coun¬ 
try every year, and offered at such mod¬ 
erate prices that they are within reach 
of the modest home planter as well 
as the pretentious ornamental gardener. 
The Japanese bulbs as a rule produce 
the best and strongest plants, with 
blooms having the richest coloring. 
Those we have tried are Cruentum, 
dwarf and late blooming, deep rose 
with purple shadings; Macranthum, tall 
with finely formed bright rosy flowers; 
Roseum Superbum, dark crimson pur¬ 
ple with thick well-formed petals, and 
Compactum, with darkly colored buds 
and blossoms and deep green erect foli¬ 
age. The best of all, however, is Mag- 
nificum, introduced to foreign cultiva¬ 
tion about five years ago from a little 
explored district of Japan. The bulbs 
are massive and very dark in color, 
throwing up tall, strong stems clothed 
with broad foliage. The blooms are al¬ 
most as large as those of Lilium aura- 
turn, often reaching eight inches in 
diameter. The coloring is rich and 
bright, best described by the term ruby- 
carmine, but the petals are edged with 
clear white. They are of much sub¬ 
stance, lasting long in good condition, 
and withstanding storms better than 
other kinds. The flowering season is 
mid-August, early enough to ripen seeds, 
which are freely produced on the Rural 
Grounds. Twin stems from one bulb 
are shown in Fig. 449, page 951. These 
were produced the second year after 
planting—the most critical period with 
imported lily bulbs. In good soil this 
variety grows nearly five feet high. The 
bulbs are now being cultivated in quan¬ 
tity in Japan, and will soon be offered 
at ordinary prices. They now cost from 
37 to (>2 cents each in Europe, accord¬ 
ing to sizes. 
Hybrid Lilies. —The uncertain results 
of hybridization among lilies give the 
work peculiar interest. Breeding ex¬ 
periments are under way in about all 
countries in which these magnificent 
flowering plants can successfully be 
grown, but results are singularly 
meager. Despite the most painstaking 
care in emasculating the buds before 
pollen matures, in the application of for¬ 
eign pollen at the proper time and 
continuous protection throughout the 
whole process until seed forms, from the 
influence of chance fertilization, the 
progeny, in the overwhelming number 
of instances exactly reproduces the 
seed parent, or shows so little variation 
that hybridization cannot be claimed. It 
is widely believed that lily “seeds” 
often form and mature without vital 
assistance from pollen and are in fact 
not true seeds as we usually under¬ 
stand the term, but rather detached 
buds, partaking wholly of the character 
of the mother plant. The violet and 
other plants occasionally exhibit the 
same peculiarity of self-reproduction in 
seed form, a trait termed parthenogen¬ 
esis by botanists. Now and then, how¬ 
ever, a lily seedling appears that seems 
to combine certain conspicuous features 
of the two varieties or species used as 
parents to such degree that it may, for 
garden convenience, be termed a hybrid, 
even if not in reality a true one. Thus 
Lilium Philippense crossed by different 
workers with the florists’ varietv of L. 
longiflorum known both as L. eximium, 
and L. Harrisi, has given rise to inter¬ 
mediate seedlings in Washington, D. C., 
Massachusetts, California and _ New 
Jersey. L. elegans or Thunbergianum, 
has produced quite a number of beau¬ 
tiful varieties. New kinds of great 
beauty are announced in England as a 
result of blending Elegans with L. 
croceum. In Holland L. Martagon and 
L. Hansoni have produced intermediate 
varieties of the highest excellence. A 
New England grower claims to have 
crosses of L. tenuifolium and L. 
Martagon that are surprisingly Auri¬ 
ferous, but do not possess the bright 
scarlet coloring of Tenuifolium, which 
is known as Siberian coral lily. 
First Hybrid Between Old and 
New World Lilies. —The first appar¬ 
ent hybrid in hundreds of cross-bred 
seedlings bloomed last Summer on the 
Rural Grounds. Four plants were 
raised from seeds of the handsome 
Lilium Humboldtii of the Pacific Coast 
pollinated with L. tenuifolium. In 
bulb, stem and foliage these seedlings 
are quite characteristic Humboldtii, but 
the flowers have the waxy scarlet col¬ 
oring of Tenuifolium instead of the 
prevailing orange of the seed parent. 
There is an orange-spotted center but 
it is so small that it does not show 
unless the blooms are raised from the 
natural half drooping position. The 
garden effect is that of glorified Ten- 
uifoliums, four times as large as the 
flowers of that exquisite snecies. Three 
blooms were produced on each plant at 
four years’ growth from the seed. The 
bulbs appear healthy, and we hope they 
will retain vitality and increase at a fair 
rate. Lilium Humboldtii is naturally 
somewhat variable, several richly col¬ 
ored varieties being known, but we pre¬ 
fer to think these seedlings, with their 
brilliant coral red, much reflexed petals 
or divisions, are real hybrids and, in 
addition, the first hybrids' obtained be¬ 
tween Old and New World lilies. 
Burbank’s Hybrids. —Luther Bur¬ 
bank of California probably raised cross¬ 
bred lily seedlings on a larger scale than 
any other individual. He planted pounds 
of seeds, mostly cross-pollinated, from 
every available species, both native and 
exotic, and grew seedlings by the acre. 
Our recollection is that he at one time 
valued the collection at a quarter mil¬ 
lion of dollars! Much has been sur¬ 
mised and something has been written 
concerning the results of this extensive 
experiment in lily breeding. An au¬ 
thoritative account follows of the pres¬ 
ent condition of the Burbank seedlings, 
kindly furnished by Mr. Carl Purdy, 
who is propagating the most promis¬ 
ing kinds on his grounds near Ukiah, 
California. 
I have been conversant with these hy¬ 
brids since they were in the seed beds, 
and have here at The Terraces all of the 
sets that Mr. Burbank saved excepting the 
so-called Lilium Burbankii. supposed to be 
a hybrid between L. Washing!onianum and 
L. pardalinum. The various lots of hybrid 
seedlings were not kept separate by Mr. 
Burbank, and when they flowered the 
various crosses could only be conjectured 
by the characters of the plants. I saw 
seed beds which were from crosses between 
Californian lilies and Old World species, 
but I saw no flowering plants which in the 
least suggested the cross. There is an ex¬ 
tensive series which clearly show the cross 
of L. Humboldtii and L. pardalinum and 
in which the species are blended in vary¬ 
ing proportions, showing it from root to 
flower. There is another set which seem 
to be L. Parryii x pardalinum, and one 
that seems to be L. Parryii x Humboldtii. 
The bulb shows clearly that one of the 
Pacific Coast bog lilies is one parent, al¬ 
though the other might be Asiatic. 
There is one lot only which seems to be 
either L. pardalinum on L. maritimum or 
on L. parvum. Among plants which look 
like crosses between I,. Humboldtii and L. 
pardalinum, there are several with fragrant 
flowers, and as neither of the parents is 
fragrant, it would indicate another cross. 
As I have said, no plants suggest an 
Asiatic cross, although seedlings from many 
were grown. Burbank grew many thousands 
of seedlings—bis estimate of the three-acre 
field was 100,000, but a large number had 
disappeared before they flowered, and these 
I have were selected several years later. I 
easily propagate all of the Humboldtii x 
pardalinum, but the Parryii x pardalinum 
have been very slow, but I have now nice 
little groups of 40 to 100 each of some of 
the finest clear yellow or lemon trumpet¬ 
shaped varieties. 
_ W. V. F. 
Gasoline lamps are now on the mar¬ 
ket as a means of lighting houses where 
city gas is not obtainable. It must not 
be imagined, of course, that the gasoline 
is burned like kerosene; it is hydro¬ 
carbon gas that furnishes the light. The 
gas is generated by the application of 
heat to the burner, a small wood-alcohol 
torch being applied for the purpose; 
after the initial heat is applied the 
burners are self-generating. The most 
common type of gasoline lamp has been 
a single burner with an independent re¬ 
servoir, but they are now made in sys¬ 
tems with a central reservoir, which 
supplies every lamp in the house. With 
such a system the gasoline may be 
stored outside the house. These lamps 
are said to be operated very cheaply, 
while giving a brilliant white light. 
“For the Land’s Sake use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”—Adv. 
-taSkT 
Rural 
Telephones 
Do you realize that rural telephones, 
more than anything else, tend to increase 
the earning power of every farm and 
farmer? Do you realize that 
ALL of the material needed to build the very 
best rural telephone line—exactly the same as 
the Bell Company puts up—will cost you and 
your neighbors less than 20 bushels of wheat each. 
Over 4,000,000 Western Electric Telephones 
are in use in the United States to-day. We made the first telephones and 
we have made the most—in fact, we have made more than all other 
manufacturers combined. 
; COMPANY^ We have brought the rural telephone within the reach of every 
farmer, and with our Free Bulletins before him a boy can install and 
- operate the system. Our telephones are guaranteed. . 
Cut out this advertisement, write your name and address on the margin and mail it to-day so that 
the Free Bulletins, which describe the entire plan in detail, may be sent to you immediately. 
Eastern 
New York 
Philadelphia 
Boston 
Pittsburg 
Atlanta 
48 
Central 
Chicago 
Indianapolis 
Cincinnati 
Saint Paul 
O 
Manufacturers and Suppliers 
of all Apparatus and Equip¬ 
ment used in the Construc¬ 
tion, Operation and Mainte¬ 
nance of Telephone Plants. 
Western 
Saint Louis 
Kansas City 
Denver 
Dallas 
Omaha 
Northern Electric and Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Montreal and Winnipeg 
Write Onr Nearest House 
Pacific 
San Francisco 
Los Angeles 
Seattle 
Salt Lake City 
meriting, 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns 
big profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
practical fruit grow- 
\ ers we were using common 
j sprayers in our own orchards 
j —found their defects and 
[ invented the Eclipse. Its 
! success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a large scale. 
You take no chances. We 
have done all the experi- 
Large fully illustrated Catalog 
and Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY, Benton Harbor, Mich. 
All up-to-date Fruit Growers watch 
for the Bulletin of the buyers of 1909 
model “Friend ” Power Sprayers. 
“ FRIEND ” MFG. CO., Gasport, N. Y. 
0 ^ 11 w *3 pay you to Spray your Fruit 
B J Trees and Vines for protection from 
B scale and all insect pests and fungus 
It H §** diseases. FREE Instruction Book 
shows the famous Garfield, Empire King 
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gives a lot of formulas and other valuable information. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP CO., No. 2 11th St., Elmira, N. Y. 
rSAN JOSE SCALE^ 
KILLER 
KIL-O-SCALE is the most reliable rem¬ 
edy for Scale. Ready for use by simply 
mixing with water. We also sell Spray¬ 
ing Outfits. Write for catalogue. 
HENRY A. DREER, • Philadelphia, Pa. 
I M! 33 
FOIL 
FARM XjAJNTDS 
-♦- 
Ground Lime 
Agricultural Lime 
Hydrated Lime 
WRITE FOR PRICES 
NEW JERSEY LIME CO., 
HAMBURG, N. J. 
RAW FURS WANTED 
Send for reliable prices. Ready about Dec. 1st. 
LEMUEL BLACK, Lock Box 338, Hightstown, N. J. 
HARNESS 
By Mail 
You can buy custom-made 
/oak-tanned liarnessdirect from 
our factory at wholesale prices 
'You save two profits—the jobber’s 
and dealer’s. Write for onr new il¬ 
lustrated catalogue and see for your¬ 
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save. All our harness is guaranteed, 
and we leave you to be the judge. If 
you’renotsatisfled,money back. Every 
farmer should have our booklet. Write 
to-day and ask for catalogue F. 
THE KING HARNESS CO., 
6 Lake St., Owcgo, Tioga Co., N. Y. 
15 Cents a Rod 
For a 22-lnch Hog Fence; 16c for 
26-lncli; 19cfor 31-1 uch; 22 l-2e 
for 34-incli; 23c for a 47-lnch 
Farm Fence. 60-Inch Poultry 
Fence 87e. Lowest prices ever 
made. Sold on 30 days trial. 
Catalog free. Write for It today. 
KITSELMAN BROS., 
Box 230, MUNCIE, INO. 
FENCE 
Madeof High Carbon Double Strength 
Coiled Wire. Heavily Galvanized to 
preventrust. Have no agents. Sell at 
factory prices on 30 days' free trial. 
Wo pay all freight. 37 heights of farm 
and poultry fence. Catalog Free. 
COILED SPRINC FENCE CO. 
Box 263 Winchester, Indiana. 
BROWN FENCE 
For Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, 
Chickens, Lawns—A fence for 
every purpose. Big heavy No. 
9 Coiled Spring Wires thickly 
galvanized. 150 styles at 
15 to 35c per rod— We pay Frt. 
Free sample and catalog. 
The BROWN Fence & Wire Co. 
OepL 59, Cleveland, Ohio, 
U.S.W. FIELD and HOG FENCE 
Highest quality— superior lock—easily 
erected—strong—low 
priced. 
Write us, stating 
what y ou can use and 
we will name you 
DmurCD k IIIIUIIUC special delivered price. 
KAIXulK ^ nUMANt We make the largest 
mrf —--- — mSm li ne °f poultry, lawn 
REVOLVING \ BARB WIRE country. 
UNION FENCE CO 
■ 3 
DeKalb, Illinois 
Kansss City, Missouri 
The double layer of glass 
does it ====== 
- - - ADDRESS-— 1 ■— 
Sunlight Double-Glass Sash Company 
829 E,J» Bioa<f«r»y LOUISVILLE, K Y. 
Lets in the light always. 
Never has to be covered or un¬ 
covered; no boards or mats 
needed. 
Retains the heat, excludes the cold. 
Makes stronger and earlier plants. 
Class slips in; no putty; cannot 
work loose; easily repaired. 
Ask for 'catalog O ■ It tells all 
about Sunlight sash. 
Special catalog for greenhouse material- 
PRATT’S 
66 
SCALECIDE 
99 SOLUBLE 
PETROLEUM 
... , . . _._ T , TRADE MARK REGISTERED U. S. PATENT OFFICE. 
Will positively destroy SAN JOSE SCALE anti all soft bodied sucking insects without Injury to the tree. Simple, more Effective anti Cheaper than 
Lime suipimr. -Not an experiment.— Write for Fit HE sample anti endorsements of leading fruit growers and entomologists who have used it for years. 
PRICES:— 50 gal. bbl. $25.00; 30 gal. tin $15.00; 10 gal. can $6.00; 5 gal. can $3.25; 1 gal. can $1.00 f. o. b. New York 
16 to 
One gal lon makes 
, G-. Pratt 
, . - -- gal. tin $15.00; 10 gal. can $6.00; 5 gal. can $3.25; 
'J'j gallons spray by simply addin# water. Poc ket Diary and Spray Calendur for 
Oo., £fg', dicmiata, IDcpt. 3NT, 50 Church 
1 gal. can 
r 1909 sent FREE. 
St. 2KT ew 
Mention this paper. 
Yoris. City. 
