eeo 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 26, 
Ruralisms 
A Charming New Gladiolus Spe¬ 
cies. —A new Gladiolus species, inter¬ 
esting to plant breeders, and also well 
worth growing for its own sake, is G. 
salmoneus, recently discovered in Gri- 
qualand, South Africa, at elevations 
exceeding 4,000 feet. It has been spar¬ 
ingly distributed throughout botanic 
gardens, and is now catalogued by at 
least one foreign dealer. Our trial 
conns caine in August, and were at 
once planted in light soil, bedding them 
in weathered sandy peat, which we 
have found does not favor the develop¬ 
ment of the scab fungus that appears 
to affect most African-grown Gladiolus 
roots. They made good growth, pro¬ 
ducing in October the bloom spikes 
shown, much reduced in size, in Fig. 
479, page 987. The plants grew two 
feet high, with firm, shapely foliage. 
The spathe valves are quite downy, a 
peculiarity also noted in Gladiolus Lud- 
wigi, but the blooms are far superior 
to those of that little-known species. 
They are widely expanded, more than 
two inches across, and the color is 
nearly uniform rosy-salmon, a pleasing 
tint not common in the genus. The corms 
are dark yellow in color, large and 
solid, giving the impression that the 
species will be a good Summer grower 
in our climate. Crosses were made with 
several Gladiolus species and varieties 
in bloom at the time, so that its 
value as a breeder is in a fair way to 
be worked out. Better bloom spikes 
may reasonably be expected from ac¬ 
climatized plants than from out-of-sea- 
son corms shipped from Africa, but 
even as it bloomed on the Rural 
Grounds, it is more attractive than any 
of the numerous wild species we have 
grown, with the possible exception of 
G. cruentus, which has widely opened 
red flowers, with cream-white mark¬ 
ings. 
Eucalyptus Trees in California.— 
Much erroneous information has been 
published concerning the behavior of 
Eucalyptus trees in California. The 
impression has been created that Eu¬ 
calyptus culture promises great profits, 
as the trees grow without care on al¬ 
most any soil and situation, yielding 
timber of the highest value for all pur¬ 
poses. There is considerable founda¬ 
tion for the favor with which several 
of the Eucalypts are regarded. Some 
have succeeded so well under pro¬ 
longed trials in California, south of 
Shasta County, that groves are being 
planted by conservative men and lum¬ 
ber companies for the productions of 
ties, posts and timber, and stock-sell¬ 
ing corporations are beginning to 
boom the possibilities of Eucalyptus 
culture. Right here is where the dan¬ 
ger lies, and to offset the tendency 
toward exaggeration shown by these 
promoters and put the matter on a 
reliable basis the Berkeley Agricultural 
Experiment Station has made careful 
investigations, and publishes the result 
in Bulletin No. 196, dated July, 1908. 
Fairly Long Trials. —Several of the 
most promising species of Australian 
Eucalyptus were imported into Califor¬ 
nia before the year 1860 ,and groves 
of considerable area have been grow¬ 
ing both on the coast and in the inte¬ 
rior, mainly in the latitude of San 
Francisco Bay, that re^ now almost 
50 years old. Other species from Aus¬ 
tralasia and India have been from time 
ti time introduced until there are now 
growing in various parts of the State 
about 100 distinct species. Most of 
them will grow in ordinary soil m 
any region free from frost, and a few 
endure occasional temperature, as low 
as 12 to 14 degrees below the freezing 
point, but none can be regarded as 
hardy in climates, where anything 
like zero weather is to be expected. 
From this large collection species may 
be selected to suit soils and cli¬ 
matic conditions within the possible 
ranges of temperature, from the foggv 
coast levels and moist river valleys 
to the arid foot hills. The Eucalypts 
are tall trees of rapid growth 
with narrow glossy, aromatic foliage, 
and usually hard and brittle .wood, 
though there is much variation in the 
latter, some being almost as soft as 
pine, and others nearly as tough as 
hickory. As a general rule Eucalyptus 
timber is more difficult and costly to 
cut and work than our native hard¬ 
woods on account of its hardness 
and irregular grain. Logs of most 
species check deeply while curing and 
must be sawed a foot or two longer 
than the lumber needs to be, so that 
the checked or season-cracked ends 
may be cut away. Best success is had 
when the trees are cut during the dor¬ 
mant or Winter months, sawed while 
green, and the lumber deeply piled to 
obtain weight, in a protected place. It 
even costs more to work up young 
trees into firewood on account of their 
hardness than the native growth, but 
the fuel is generally of excellent qual¬ 
ity and the yield is good, the Blue 
gum, Eucalyptus globulus, turning out 
at five years old, when set six feet 
apart each way, from 50 to 80 cords 
the acre. At 10 years 80 to 150 cords 
are expected. Profits are, however, 
much reduced by the unusual cost of 
cutting, which is found to be about 
one-half the selling price of the wood. 
A valuable medicinal oil is distilled 
from the leaves and twigs of most 
species, the yield varying greatly, but 
being chiefly influenced by the locality 
of growth. This oil is mainly used 
for its unirritating antiseptic qualities 
as a local application, and occasionally 
in small quantities as an internal medi¬ 
cine. It requires the leaves and twigs 
from about 10 cords, or about a ton 
in weight, to distil two gallons of 
oil, which is worth $4 the gallon whole¬ 
sale. The expense of distilling is said 
to be all of $3 the gallon, so the 
profit can scarcely be regarded as ex¬ 
cessive. 
Good Sprouters. —Most of the better 
known Eucalyptus species when cut 
down energetically reproduce them¬ 
selves by sprouts, which start from the 
stumps a few weeks after felling, in 
any month of the year, and grow to 
surprising heights in a very short 
time. It is necessary to thin them in 
a discriminating manner as growth pro¬ 
ceeds, or their development will be 
greatly hampered. When this is well 
done the second cutting usually shows 
an increase in quantity and quality. 
This sprouting tendency is of the high¬ 
est value in Eucalyptus culture, a;s 
groves may yield several successive 
crops under good management. 
The Best Eucalypts. — Although 
much remains to be done in the way of 
testing the lesser known species, pop¬ 
ular appreciation has settled on the 
Blue gum, E. globulus, the Sugar gum, 
E. corynocalyx, the Red gum, E. ros- 
trata, the Karri, E. diversicolor, and 
the Manna gum, E. viminalis, as the 
most valuable, as in addition to the 
other good qualities they are capable 
of growing from 45 to 100 feet high, 
with trunk diameters ranging from 
nine to 30 inches, in 15 years. Blue 
gum is much the fastest grower, -and 
generally promises most profit. As a 
commercial venture Eucalyptus culture 
requires good land, careful attention, 
much time and ample capital, wdiile the 
returns, though not excessive, should 
very favorably compare with those 
from fruit, farm crop ,or livestock 
specialties. It is however not a prom¬ 
ising business for individuals with lim¬ 
ited capital, and is only feasible in lim¬ 
ited localities in the frost-free region 
of the Pacific and Atlantic Coast 
States. The abundant hard wood sup¬ 
ply of our Eastern States does not 
favor the industry at the present time. 
_ w. v. F. 
‘‘For the Land’s Sake use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”—Adv. 
Why Hot Use Hubbard’s 
HE DID—AND WAS SATISFIED. 
Melrose, Mass., Aug. 31, 1908. 
Rogkrs & Hubbard Co.. 
Middletown. Conn. 
Gentlemen:—Onr crops this year are the 
best I have ever grown. Yon will not be 
surprised if we apply for an Agency later. 
Our crops are the best ad. we could give. 
Sincerely and truly yours, 
No. 65 Green Street. c - H - Harris 
Ilubhsrd’s Fertilizer Almnnne for 190!) now 
ready and will bo sent free to any address. 
THE ROGERS & HUBBARD CO., 
Makers of Hubbard’s Fertilizers. 
Middletown, Conn. 
Xj I 3VE E 
f o n 
FARM LANDS 
-♦- 
Ground Lime 
Agricultural Lime 
Hydrated Lime 
WRITE FOR PRICES 
NEW JERSEYTIME CO., 
HAMBURG, N. J. 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns 
big profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
»practical fruit grow- 
\ ers we were using common 
i sprayers in our own orchards 
j —found their defects and 
; invented the Eclipse. Its 
success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a largs scale. 
You take no chances. We 
have done all the experi¬ 
menting. Large fully illustrated Catalog 
and Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY, Benton Harbor, Mich. 
It Pays to Plant Right. 
There is a right way and a wrong 
way to plant. Soil conditions vary, 
even in adjoining fields, and no iron¬ 
clad rule can be made to fit every con¬ 
dition. It is essential to have the land 
in proper condition for seeding, and 
no one will deny it. One reason why 
some farmers do not get as much 
from their land as they should is owing 
to the fact that they do not get their 
land in proper condition. There is a 
time to sow and a time to reap, and 
the ruler of the universe has never 
yet failed to provide a time for both. 
However, some men get in such a 
hurry to seed that they think they can 
not possibly wait another hour, so they 
get stampeded, mud in their crops and 
then wonder why their more success¬ 
ful neighbors get more bushels to the 
acre. Yes, it pays to plant right. It 
pays to have a good, reliable grain 
drill to do the work—a drill that will 
not clog, choke or skip—a drill that 
will handle any size seed in any quan¬ 
tity desired—a drill that will sow all 
brands of commercial fertilizers, no 
matter how difficult to handle. That 
old, reliable grain drill, the Farmers’ 
Favorite, manufactured by The Ameri¬ 
can Seeding-Machine Co., Incorporated, 
Springfield, Ohio, is a drill that can be 
thoroughly relied upon to do the work 
of any farmer in any part of the world. 
Among the many styles and sizes of 
Farmers’ Favorite Drills will he found 
drills exactly suited to the seeding con¬ 
ditions anywhere. This drill is guaran¬ 
teed in such a way that the purchaser 
runs no risk. It siijnply must do all 
that the manufacturers claim. Send 
to-day for their Farmers’ Favorite 
catalogue. Go to your implement dealer 
and insist on looking over the Far¬ 
mers’ Favorite before purchasing any 
other make. 
It will pay you to Spray your Fruit 
B npAT Trees and Vines for protection from 
RH • scale and all insect pests and fungus 
■JM diseases. FREE Instruction Book 
shows the famous Garfield, Empire King 
Orchard. Monarch, Leader and other sprayers; also 
gives a lot of formulas and other valuable information. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP CO.. No. 2 11th St., Elmira, N. Y. 
CUT ICE 
MADE 
IN 
THREE 
SIZES. 
With the Dorscli Double Row 
Ice Plow We guarantee it will 
cut more than 20 men 
hand. Cakes are 
of any size and thickneee. 
man and a horse will cut more ice in 
a day than the ordinary tarmer and dairy 
man can use. Yon can cot for others and 
make the price of our plow in two days use. 
Ask for catalogue and Introductory prices. 
JOHN BORSCH & SONS 226 WELLS ST„ MILWAUKEE, WIS 
^SAN JOSE SCALE-n 
KILLER 
KIL-O-SCALE is the most reliable rem¬ 
edy for Scale. Ready for use by simply 
mixing with water. We also sell Spray¬ 
ing Outfits. Write for catalogue. 
HENRY A. DREER, - Philadelphia, Pa. 
THERE WAS A TIME look for 
When an engine that would saw wood, grind feed 
and do general farm work weighed a ton, and had 
a water tank like a young straw stack, think of 
carting water by the barrel whenever power is 
needed! Then 
_ ’AIR-COOLED ENGINE Came; 
no more water nuisance, no cold weather troubles, 
always ready and able to do any work summer or DDllin 
winter. That’s the kind you want, write for | Hlo DnANU 
Catalog “5.” 
The only air-cooled engine 
guaranteed for all work. 
Zre lVe yr Yfcr Motor Cmvrr 
Lansing. Michigan. U.S.A 
140 SHERIDAN ST. 
SEE THEM GROW 
WHEN YOU HAVE SPRAYED YOUR TREES, PLANTS AND VINES WITH 
NIAGARA BRAND 
LIME suLrnun SOLUTION 
The great all around Spraying Material. It acts as a tonic and it kills Scale and 
prevents Fungus. Put up iu packages to suit tlie lady with her rose garden or the 
man with an orchard. Prices with full description mailed you Free for the asking. 
Address NIAGARA SPRAYER CO., Middleport, X. Y. 
REX SPRAY 
Known as "Rex Lime & 
Sulphur Solution ” 
( Concentrated) 
Ever since “Rex” has been so universably endorsed by official State Bulletins, State Horticultural Associations and by 
LUTHER BURBANK, the“ Wizard in Horticulture,” many “imitations” have sprung up, their makers claiming them to 
be “just as good as Rex,” but fruit growers don’t want the “as good as Rex” kind. They want “Rex” itself. 
“Rex** is made only by The Rex Co. at Omaha, Nebr., The Rex Co. at Rochester, N. Y., Toledo Rex Spray Co. at Toledo, 
Ohio, Calif. Rex Spray Co. at'Benicia, Calif., Yakima Rex Spray Co. at No. Yakima, Wash, and Wenatchee Rex Spray Co. 
at Wenatchee, Wash. “Rex” not only kills San Jose Scale, but as a fungicide has proven by State Official Tests to be 
safer and better than “ Bordeaux Mixture.” 
w n ITE F O R F Ft 3D E 33 O O K 3L« 3D T. 
Apparatus Used For Making “ Rex ” Is Covered By United States Government Patent. 
the XL 3D X COMPANY, Box 712, Roclicstcr, 3>Tew Y orlx. 
PRATT’S 
66 
SCALECIDE 
99 SOLUBLE 
PETROLEUM 
TRADE MARK REGISTERED U. S. PATENT OFFICE. .. 
Will positively destroy. SAN JOSE SCALE and all soft bodied sucking insects without Injury to the tree. Simple, more Effective and Cheaper than 
Lime Sulphur. Not an experiment.—Write for FRBE sample and endorsements of leading fruit growers and entomologists who have used it xor years. 
PRICES:— 50 gal. bbl. $25.00; 30 gal. tin $15.00; 10 gal. can $6.00; 5 gal. can $3.25; 1 gal. can $1.00 f. o. b. New York. 
One gal lon makes 16 to 20 gallons spray by simply adding water. Pocket Diary and Spray Calendar for 1009 sent FRUJB. Men tion this PJ*pei\ _ 
33. Gr. Pratt Co., Mfg. Clicmists, Dept. 3\T, 50 Church St. New York City. 
