31© 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 4, 
KEEP THEM AT HOME! 
The following members of the New York 
Senate voted against Governor Hughes In 
his efforts to remove the Superintendent 
of Insurance. Some of them have done so 
twice—others are backsliders. All have 
proved unworthy in a fair test. All are in 
districts where the votes of farmers can 
defeat them. It should be the duty of 
every farmer to blacklist them and keep 
them away from Albany. Vote them out! 
.TOTHAM P. ALLDS.Norwich, N. Y. 
ALBERT T. RANCHER. .Salamanca, N. Y. 
S. PERCY HOOKER.LeRoy, N. Y. 
JOHN RAINES .Canandaigua, N. Y. 
SANFORD W. SMITH.Chatham. N. Y. 
WILLIAM J. TULLY.Corning, N. Y. 
HORACE WHITE .Syracuse. N. Y. 
RENJ. M. WILCOX.Auburn, N. Y. 
JOSEPH ACKROYD .Utica, N. Y. 
FRANK M. BOYCE... East Schodack, N. Y. 
FRANCIS II. GATES. . . Chittenango, N. Y. 
WM. W. WEMPLD.Schenectady. N. Y. 
WM. T. O’NEII.St. Regis Falls, N. Y. 
OWEN CASSIDY .Watkins, N. Y. 
FITTING AND SELECTING SEED OATS. 
Harry B. Winters, of Tioga Co., N. Y., 
gives the following sensible advice in Com¬ 
mercial Agriculture : 
We dissolve one ounce copper sulphate 
in one quart water, sprinkle on one bushel 
oats and stir until every kernel is moist¬ 
ened, then spread out and dry thoroughly. 
It is important to do this every year. The 
quantity of seed to use per acre is a ques¬ 
tion. We will probably use about 68 quarts 
per acre by measure this year. The qual¬ 
ity of the seed is important. We weed 
our oat fields by hand to get clean seed. 
Poor spots if any are cut out. These 
with any spots that do fall down are 
thrashed separately and never used for 
seed. Thus we think we get a grain that 
is a vigorous grower and from straw that 
is strong and stands up. We cut high 
and try to get above the green clover 
generally found in the bottom of the oat 
bundle. This helps us to get our grain to 
the thrasher quick and away from danger 
of damage by the elements. We thrash as 
it is drawn from the field. The carrier 
drops the straw into a chute leading to the 
cut box, where it is cut and blown any¬ 
where we want it in the barn. It is im¬ 
portant to grow a heavy oat. Millers gen¬ 
erally agree that the hulls from a meas¬ 
ured bushel of light oats, weigh as much as 
from a measured bushel of heavy oats. If 
these hulls weigh 12 pounds, we have 20 
pounds of meats in a 32-pound oat and 30 
pounds of meats in a 42-pound oat. There¬ 
fore, to feed, a measured bushel of 42- 
pound oats are worth 1% bushel of the 
32-pound oats. Oat hulls are worth about 
one-half as much as oat straw to feed, 
pound for pound. 
We hear considerable about a thin hull 
oat. I do not know what to say. If it 
is true that an oat that has a thin hull is 
liable to have a weak straw, I would want 
to be careful. Strong, stiff straw is im¬ 
portant. That is one reason why we should 
treat seed for rust. Rust weakens the 
straw. At cutting time we put a careful 
man in our field selecting big heads He 
brings these into the office, counts the ker¬ 
nels, puts them in small envelopes and 
marks on the envelopes the number of 
kernels on that head. Next year I hope 
we will weigh these heads and classify by 
weight. I have great confidence in this 
method of getting foundation seed. Breed¬ 
ers have been doing this with cattle for 
years. Why not with oats? Some one has 
said: “Selection is the most powerful in¬ 
strument in the hands of man.” Anyone 
who takes up the study of oats will find it 
an interesting plant. 
Questions From Indiana. 
I. C. O., 1 imcood, Ind. —1. I am going 
to sow clover seed on cornstalk wheat 
ground in the Spring. I shall mix clover, 
Orchard grass and Red-top, and Tall 
Meadow oats grass together, and sow with 
a seed sower. Will they burn out in the 
heat of the Summer or not? 2. I have 
14 apricot trees to plant this Spring. How 
should I mulch and spray and are they 
affected with yellows the same as peaches? 
3. What is the best blackberry to plant 
for market and home use? 
Ans. —1. This is something that no 
one can tell. Some years it is very hot 
and dry when the wheat is cut, and 
clover especially often does burn out. 
Last year clover did finely here, but the 
year before it was nearly a failure on 
account of the drought. By sowing the 
mixture proposed it is very likely that 
at least some of it would be a success. 
2. Apricots do not amount to much in 
this section. I would rather set the 
peach. Any young tree for the first 
two years after planting should be hoed 
every week or two like a cabbage. After 
that some mulch can be placed around 
it. My apricot trees never took the 
yellows, though I often wished they 
would. It is not necessary to spray 
young trees before they reach the bear¬ 
ing age unless they are affected with 
the scale, though the spraying of such 
trees would be a small matter. 3. It is 
best to have two or three varieties 
either for market or home use. Snyder 
has been the old stand-by. It is hardy 
and the bush is much less thorny than 
some varieties. Mersereau is a very 
large productive variety, but it has a 
rather large core. Eldorado is a very 
good variety, a little larger than the 
Snyder, and I think on the whole, bet¬ 
ter. I had a few of the Blowers last 
year, and they were very nice, and I 
like the looks of the bush. Blackberries 
have been a poor crop here the last two 
years. o. j. b. 
Central Illinois. 
BEATS THE 
Grindstone 
TEN TIMES OVER 
No pressure, no drawing 
temper, if you use the 
Practical 
Alundum 
Grinder 
with wheel revolving 
3,000 times a minute. 
Far superior to emery 
or stone. Grinds any 
tool, knife to sickle. 
Different sizes. Foot 
power attachment. 
Write for circular of particu¬ 
lars. Good agents wanted. Address, 
ROYAL MF0. CO., 226 E. Walnut St., Lancaster, Pa. 
lumber or saw wood, make lath or 
shingles, or work lumber In any form, you should 
know all about our improved 
AMERICAN MILLS 
All sizes Saw Milks. Planers, Edgers, Trimmers,Lath 
Mills. Shingle Mills etc. Complete line wood 
working machinery. Catalogue free. 
American Saw Mill Mch’y. Co. 
129HopoSt., Hackottstown, N. J. t 
610 Engineering Bldg., New York City. 
Don’t Grow Weeds 
Every farmer knows that clean and tho¬ 
rough cultivation is necessary, but every 
farmer doesn’t know that the Keystone 
Weeder is the necessary tool to give it. 
Look at this picture; note how the little 
diamond-pointed shovels cut up every tiny 
growing weed ; nothing escapes the Keystone 
Weeder. See how level the surface is after 
the Weeder has passed and how straight 
the. corn stands; 
Shallow, level cultivation is the secret of 
good farming. It makes big crops possible 
in dry seasons; because a fine surface prevenis 
loss of stored-up moisture. It saves ferchty- 
by preventing soil-washing and it ms..ns 
economy because the 
KEYSTONE 
WEEDER 
and Shallow Cultivator 
KEYSTONE FARM MACHINE CO., 1202 North Beaver Street, York, Pa. 
works four to eight rows at once and therefore saves much hand labor. By removing shovels from 
teeth which pass over rows, the Keystone stirs the soil thoroughly without injury to plants. 
The Keystone Weeder is adapted to any soil and works well in still ground. Built of iron and 
steel with re-inforced spring-steel teeth (see cut at left) ; with reasonable care will last a life-time. 
We make a 7% foot Weeder for one horse, a 12 foot size for two. Either tool may be changed to a rider by 
attaching our “sulky”; and the addition of otu “seeder” makes either a perfect implement for sowing clover or 
grass seed. Let us send you a splendidly gotten up booklet showing the Keystone Weeder and Shallow Culti¬ 
vator in all crops. Many photographs from actual scene, and many points on good fanning. Write to the 
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BRADLEY’S 
Meets All Drafts 
No man can produce big crops from poor, worn-out land. 
When fertility is gone, failure is not far away. The plant¬ 
growing elements in the soil are like funds in the Bank,—an 
investment,—working capital,—which can be drawn upon with 
the same confidence, — if they have been supplied in the 
shape of 
Bradley’s Fertilizers 
which have honored drafts of this kind for over half a century. 
They work all the time, night and day, in the soil, drawing 
good interest in the shape of increased crops of the very best 
quality. 
See Local Agents, or Address 
The American Agricultural Chemical Company 
BRADLEY FERTILIZER WORKS 
92 State Streets Boston, Mass. 
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