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THE K.URAL NEW-YORKER 
The Rural New-Yorker 
THE BUSINESS FARMERS PAPER. 
A National Weekly Journal for Country and Suburban Homes. 
Established 1800. 
Published weekly by tbe Rural Publishing Company, 409 Pearl Street, hew York. 
Herbert W. OollinG-wood, President and Editor, 
John J. Dillon, Treasurer and General Manager. 
Wm. F. Dillon, Secretary. 
Dr. Walter Van Fleet and Mrs. E. T. Royle, Associate Editors. 
SUBSCRIPTION: ONE DOLLAR A' YEAR. 
To foreign countries in the Universal Postal Union, $2.04, equal to 
8s. (id., or Bks marks, or lOkj francs. Remit in money order, 
express order, personal check or bank draft. 
Entered at New York Post Office as Second Class Matter. 
“A SQUARE DEAL.” 
We believe that every advertisement in this paper is backed by a 
responsible person. But to make doubly sure we will make good any 
loss to paid subscribers sustained by trusting any deliberate swindler 
advertising in ourcolumns, and any such swindler will be publicly ex¬ 
posed. We protect suberibers against rogues, but we do not guarantee 
to adjust trifling differences between subscribers and honest, respon¬ 
sible advertisers. Neither will we be responsible for the debts of 
honest bankrupts sanctioned by the courts. Notice of the complaint 
must be sent to us within one month of the time of the transaction, 
and you must have mentioned The Rural New-Yorker when 
writing the advertiser. 
TEN WEEKS FOR 10 CENTS. 
In order to introduce The R. N.-Y. to progressive, 
intelligent farmers who do not now take it, we send it 
10 weeks for 10 cents for strictly introductory pur¬ 
poses. We depend on our old friends to make this 
known to neighbors and friends. 
* 
LIVE, LET LIVE AND HELP LIVE. 
* 
We are glad to see that many papers in Hew York 
State are printing our blacklist of insurance Senators. 
Keep right after them. They all come from districts 
where votes of farmers will decide the election. Try 
first to beat them for renomination. Failing in that 
cut them off the ticket on election day. Start now 
and talk and write against them whenever you get a 
chance. 
* 
i 
When it was first stated that ton for ton good Al¬ 
falfa equals wheat bran most farmers refused to be¬ 
lieve the statement. Tests at the experiment stations 
and in private dairies have shown that cows eating 
silage and Alfalfa hay have made about as much milk 
and considerably more money than others which were 
fed on grain. We have records of a number of 
daries where little if any grain is bought—all the silage 
and the Alfalfa being grown on the farm. Anyone 
can see what this means to a dairyman who has 
been paying the feed dealer about all he got for his 
milk. By all means stick to Alfalfa until you make 
your soil produce it. 
* 
The point brought up by Mr. Hartman regarding 
rye as a green manure crop is worth careful study. 
Rye is such an easy crop to grow, it can go in so 
late and make such bulk quickly in Spring that it is 
a popular cover crop with many. We have noticed 
much the same trouble as Mr. Hartman refers to, 
and if we are not mistaken, corn following rye suf¬ 
fers worse than most other crops. Of late years we 
have cut our rye and cured it for hay so as to plant 
corn or some other crop on the plowed stubble. We 
have also observed that when the rye is cut and per¬ 
mitted to wilt fully on the ground and then plowed 
under there is little if any trouble. This would indi¬ 
cate that the sap of the green rye is responsible. 
* 
Several fertilizer firms whose goods have been be¬ 
low their guaranty are offering this year to sell on 
the basis of a private analysis. The proposition is to 
select a fair sample of the fertilizer and send it to a 
private chemist. If he finds it below guaranty the 
company agrees to make good. We do not consider 
any private chemist as good an umpire in such a 
matter as the chemists at the experiment stations. 
These stations are not in the pay of either buyer or 
seller. They stand fairly between the two to see 
that each obtains justice. They are thoroughly 
equipped to do accurate work, and we believe they do 
honest work. Take for example, the Connecticut Sta¬ 
tion, where the work has been brought to a high state 
of perfection. Samples as taken as follows: 
The sampling agent is provided with a long brass tube in 
the shape of a trier, which will reach from the top to 
the bottom of a hag of fertilizer. He is instructed to 
draw a sample from at least three packages and, if the 
stock on hand is large, from a larger number than this. 
He must lay the hag on its side, thrust in his trier inverted 
from top to bottom diagonally and then turn it over. In 
this way he draws a cylindrical core of the fertilizer from 
the top to the bottom and from side to side of the bag. 
These samples are thoroughly mixed on a paper, a box 
holding about a pint of the mixture is filled, labeled and 
brought to the station for analysis. 
In that way a fair sample is obtained. At the sta¬ 
tion laboratory at least two analyses of each sample 
are made by different chemists—who work independ¬ 
ently. Compare this accurate work with a private 
analysis which may be hurriedly and cheaply made, 
and which usually represents only one examination. As 
an instance, last -year in Connecticut a large quantity 
of cotton-hull ashes were offered for sale, guaranteed 
to contain about 20 per cent of potash on a private 
chemist’s guarantee. The Connecticut Station could 
find but 10 to 11 per cent, and investigation proved 
that the certificate of private analysis was a fake. The 
dealers made good. The work of the stations in 
analyzing fertilizers has saved the farmers of this 
country millions of dollars. It is to-day the best pro¬ 
tection farmers have in the purchase of plant food. 
We would not consider any fertilizer which, year after 
year, fell below the guaranty at a number of different 
stations, a safe investment. 
* 
GOV. HUGHES AND THE DAWLEY CASE. 
Mr. Tucker has again broken silence on the Dawley 
case. He has not yet told us whether Mr. Dawley 
bought copies of his paper, The Country Gentleman, 
for distribution, and paid for them out of State 
money drawn on Mr. Tucker's vouchers, but in his 
desperate defense of Dawley, he serves the following 
fiction up to his readers: 
Tiie Rural New-Yorker is trying a new plan to defer 
the trial of the Dawley libel suits. Several copies of 
that paper, containing heavily marked editorials on the 
subject, have been sent to everybody in Onondaga County 
who is likely to be called on to serve as a juror in the case. 
The obvious purpose, of course, is to render trial in 
Onondaga County at the present term of court impossible, 
as it will be, if every man empaneled as a juror is com¬ 
pelled to admit that he has read of the case and formed 
an opinion that it would require evidence to change. 
Under these circumstances the Governor thinks it would 
be well to ascertain whether there is any sort of prima 
facie case against Mr. Dawley that can be thought to re¬ 
flect on the Department of Agriculture, considering that 
Mr. Dawley is Director of Institutes for that department; 
and last week asked the Commissioner to look into the 
matter. Deputy Commissioner Flanders, who is a thor¬ 
oughly trained lawyer, took up the inquiry immediately 
and is prosecuting it. 
In view of the records that certainly is an aston¬ 
ishing statement. The facts are these: We paid the 
docket fees and put that case on the list for the 
March term ourselves. It came up for trial on March 
26. Our attorney was that day before the court in¬ 
sisting on a prompt trial. Mr. Dawley’s attorney 
was there pleading to have the trial put over the 
term. He presented sworn affidavits to the court 
showing that Dawley was not ready for trial, and 
on the strength of these affidavits the court granted 
his motion for delay. The affidavits and apology for 
delay were then sent to Governor Hughes. The Gov¬ 
ernor had relied on Dawley’s promise to try the case 
in March, and at once sent for Commissioner Wiet- 
ing and ordered a prompt inquiry by Mr. Flanders. 
The Governor’s action was a severe blow to Mr. 
Tucker’s pride. He had all along opposed any action 
in the case by the Governor; and printed his letter 
to us as evidence of a crowning victory for himself, 
but he was now obliged to publish the fact that the 
Governor had finally come around to our view of the 
case, and ordered an inquiry. To cover his confusion 
and chagrin. Mr. Tucker attempts to revive a Daw¬ 
ley lie that was already exposed. When the motion 
was before the court to consolidate the three suits 
in one trial, Dawley’s attorney sprung this story as a 
mild sensation, but the court promptly took the ro¬ 
mance out of it by demanding an affidavit to sub¬ 
stantiate the assertion. This was refused, and the 
court declined to consider it until the affidavits were 
presented, and granted our motion. No affidavits were 
furnished. None could be, because we have not and 
never did have a jury list of Onondaga County, nor 
any other list of the citizens of that county except 
our regular subscription list, and we have sent no 
copies into that county except to our regular sub¬ 
scribers, and a possible occasional sample on request. 
It is no discredit to Governor Hughes to say that 
he was misled by the advice of Mr. Tucker and other 
friends of Dawley in this case. The arguments were 
subtle and the excuses plausible for the time being. 
The Governor now evidently discovered that those 
gentlemen do not represent the sentiments of real 
farmers. He has heard from them direct. 
The situation is no doubt galling to Mr. Tucker. 
His dictum that there was nothing to investigate 
was overruled by the Cattle Club; and now the Gov¬ 
ernor repudiates his doctrine that crooked cattle deals 
do not disqualify Dawley as instructor of farmers. 
We could be patient and even generous with Mr. 
Tucker if he was defending Dawley’s crooked cattle 
deals through ignorance or want of information; but 
neither ignorance nor senility will excuse a distortion 
of facts as he has deliberately done in this case, when 
the records are open to his inspection and the facts 
in his possession. 
April 11, 
Last year we told how the Tioga Co. (Pa.) Pom- 
mona Grange returned the free seeds to Senator Knox. 
They shipped them right back to him with their com¬ 
pliments. History has not yet recorded what the Sen¬ 
ator did with these seeds, but the Grange is making 
the right kind of history once more. Last year a 
tree agent came through the country telling great 
stories about his trees, which he claimed were budded 
or grafted on oak roots. The firm he represented 
was informed that their agent was making such state¬ 
ments, but they insist upon making deliveries and de¬ 
mand payment. The Grange claims that the orders 
were obtained under false pretenses. They have 
passed a resolution asking that the license of this firm 
to sell trees in Pennsylvania be revoked and they pro¬ 
pose to unite and resist delivery of the trees. That is 
good work for any Grange. First be sure of your 
facts, and if goods sold on the strength of such ridic¬ 
ulous claims are pushed upon you get together at once 
and fight the delivery. There are many such things 
which farmers cannot leave to the State or to the 
police. They must do it themselves. 
* 
Bro. Tucker, of The Country Gentleman is now 
after fertilizers. You will remember at the New 
York State Fruit Growers’ meeting the secretary said 
in his report: 
The goods which we put out last season, under our own 
brand, that were pint up for us by the Buffalo Fertilizer 
Company, in several instances were below guaranty, and 
the influence of that showed in diminished orders this 
year. 
We printed that with the information that the Buf¬ 
falo Fertilizer Company was obliged to pay fines. The 
Country Gentleman cut this important information out 
of its printed report. We have added other facts 
about the Buffalo company. As a result they wrote us 
demanding retraction and stating that our remarks'' 
were “self-evidently false and ridiculous.” We of¬ 
fered them further facts, and they then admitted that 
we had full authority for what we have said. This 
did not suit Brother Tucker. Cornered and cowed on 
the Dawley matter, he ached for a chance to stab The 
R. N.-Y. So he went in person to the Buffalo com¬ 
pany’s factory, selected samples of fertilizer there and 
sent them to Cornell for analysis. We shall describe 
this sampling later. It is enough to say now that out 
of 12 samples thus selected six fell below the guaran¬ 
tee in one or more elements. This difference runs all 
the way from a small fraction of one per cent to over 
three per cent of one element. Bro. Tucker ends his 
article by saying “No further comment need be add¬ 
ed.” As usual, we do not quite agree with him, and 
we shall take the liberty of adding a few comments 
which may multiply his troubles. 
Brother Tucker sums up his reasons for doing this 
private investigating as follows: 
However, as we have played no small part in the devel¬ 
opment of the Buffalo business from 24,000 tons in 1904 
to nearly sixty thousand last year, we could hardly dis¬ 
regard the matter, contemptible as are the editorial prin¬ 
ciples of the unscrupulous sheet referred to. 
That leads us to ask him another question. His 
silence seems to give consent to the proposition that 
Dawley did buy copies of The Country Gentleman and 
pay for them out of State funds. 
We now ask you, Mr. Tucker, did The Buffalo Fer¬ 
tilizer Company give you an order for 15,000 copies of 
your paper in which this fertilizer article appears? Are 
they mailing these papers to farmers as your endorse¬ 
ment of their character? 
BREVITIES. 
Don’t waste time trying to poison moles. Trap them. 
“Necessary nuisance” seems to he the latest definition 
of spraying. 
Why do farmers go to the bother and danger of poison¬ 
ing crows when tar on the seed corn will protect it, and 
leave the crow free to kill insects? 
A famous dairy cow that has lately made a great record 
is named Changeling. That seems an appropriate name 
for Dotshome Harmony, the famous Jersey ease cow. 
After you make the papers fit the cows you must make 
the feed fit the cow. The silo and the Alfalfa field come 
Hose to doing it wherever corn and Alfalfa will grow. 
Wh sometimes get questions about making good cheese 
from the milk of one cow. The best cheese makers we 
can reach tell us not to try it with that small amount 
of milk. 
No doubt many of our readers remember the articles 
on market gardening by D. L. Hartman two years ago. 
Mr. Hartman tells us that his total sales for produce last 
year were $4,762.31. He has 30 acres. 
There used to he an accepted saying that we can catch 
more flies with molasses than with vinegar. That was 
before the people began to read and study as they do 
now. The molasses doesn’t work so well as it used to. 
While many of us are paying high prices for horses, 
the Government tells us that droves of wild horses are 
doing great damage in Nevada and nearby States. Laws 
have been passed authorizing hunters to shoot these horses 
for their hides. 
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