600 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every Query must be accompanied by the name 
find aduress of the writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
TRANSPLANTING EIGHT-YEAR APPLE 
TREES. 
Instead of setting aside a piece of 
land to be called “The Orchard,” I con¬ 
ceived the idea of grading an avenue 
running from place to place on the 
farm and planting it with apple trees 
on both sides, thinking that the trees 
would pay for the maintenance of the 
roadway and be objects of beauty as 
well. Thus far I am delighted with the 
scheme. I shall get my first returns 
this Autumn. These trees were set out 
as two-year-old nursery stock in the 
Spring and Fall of 1901. They are, 
therefore, in their eighth year of plant¬ 
ing. I made the fatal mistake of plant¬ 
ing the rows too closely together. My 
avenue is not wide enough, and I beg 
you for some expert advice as to mov¬ 
ing the trees. I have successfully 
moved hundreds of larger forest trees 
than these, but my knowledge of fruit 
trees is limited, and I’m afraid to un¬ 
dertake the job without advice. 
Missouri. falicon. 
R. N.-Y.—Will readers who have had 
experience please tell us how they trans¬ 
plant such trees? 
SMALL FRUITS FOR CENTRAL ILLINOIS. 
A. J. K., Hamburg, III .—I wish to set 
out some strawberries and raspberries this 
Fall. What kinds are best for this western 
part of Illinois? Also please refer me to 
some reliable growers of plants in the 
north. 
Ans. —At the proper season The R. 
N.-Y. contains the advertisements of a 
great number of reliable plant growers. 
The best way is to send to several for 
their catalogues, and then use one’s best 
judgment in placing the order. I prefer 
to set the plants named in the Spring 
rather than in the Fall. There is really 
nothing gained by Fall planting, and the 
plants are liable to be heaved out of the 
ground during the Winter. I have 
grown a good many varieties of straw¬ 
berries, but it is bard to say which is 
best. I used to grow Bubach, Haver- 
land and Warfield largely, and they are 
all good. At present I have more Sena¬ 
tor Dunlap than anything else, and it is 
hard to beat, though a wet year it makes 
too many plants. Some varieties that 
are highly praised have proved abso¬ 
lutely worthless with me, as for instance 
Climax and New Home. The best way 
is to get several kinds and retain those 
that do best. One can then also judge 
of the quality of the different varieties, 
as there is a great difference in this re¬ 
spect. As to raspberries, I grow the 
blacks mostly. The Gregg is an old 
variety but still one of the best. Mun- 
ger is most like it, but by some thought 
better. Cumberland is a very large fine 
berry, but some years there is a good 
deal of sunscald, which detracts from 
its looks. Kansas I think has a better 
more lasting bush, and it gives two or 
three good pickings after which the 
berries get small and crumbly. Ohio 
has been a good variety and lias been 
largely grown, but it now looks a little 
small when compared with some of the 
larger newer varieties. This is also the 
objection to the early varieties, such as 
Palmer and Souhegan; they are so 
small that it is too much work to pick 
them. Progress, which was introduced 
with such a flourish several years ago, 
is smaller yet. Older is the most worth¬ 
less thing I ever tried, though still 
recommended by some. I tried it sev¬ 
eral years, and the berries were not fit 
to eat, and I absolutely refused to put 
them on the market. Plum Farmer is 
claimed to be an improvement on the 
Cumberland, but I can hardly see it that 
way. It certainly is not quite so large 
and I should say it was less productive, 
but shall give it further trial, for it 
may prove to have a more lasting bush 
than the Cumberland. The raspberry 
business has not been very satisfactory 
here the last few years, as the bush 
does not seem to last half as long as 
it used to, and one has to be all the 
time plowing up and setting out new 
patches, or he will find himself out of 
the business. There was less than half 
a crop here this season, though prices 
were good. As to red raspberries, the 
Cuthbert would be hard to beat if it 
did not winter-kill so often. There are 
several new kinds of which great things 
are claimed and it might be worth while 
to give some of them a trial, o. j. b. 
Central Illinois. 
Raspberry Troubles. 
G. 8. "W., 'West Dover, .0. —What ails my 
raspberries? I have about one aero that 
is attacked with this (enclosed) disease; 
Ibis is taken from young wood, this year’s 
growth. The old wood is nearly covered 
with it. Can anything be done to prevent 
it, by spraying and with what? 
Ans. —Specimens except leaves with 
reddish spots from G. S. W. were not 
received at this laboratory and it is, of 
course, possible, though not probable, 
that his trouble is anthracnose. We 
have received a large number of rasp¬ 
berry specimens during the year that 
have offered no clue to the condition. 
There is very imperfect development of 
the leaves or new branches with small 
imperfectly developed berries, and the 
gradual shrivelling of the leaves. We 
have not as yet definitely solved the 
problem involved, but I am inclined to 
believe it is due to Winter injury. The 
writer lost a number of young plum 
trees in nursery row from freezing, and 
has reached the conclusion that injury 
to raspberries must have been quite 
extended during the Winter of 1907-8. 
A. D. SELBY. 
Ohio Experiment Station. 
Self-Boiled Lime and Sulphur. 
As readers know, it lias been claimed 
that the self-boiled lime and sulphur mix- 
lure (boiled with the heat from the slak¬ 
ing lime), will take the place of Bordeaux 
Mixture for some forms of plant diseases. 
Prof. Selby of the Ohio Station gives the 
following experience: 
I wrote to Mr. Ayres, who has charge 
of the work in Georgia for the United 
States Department of Agriculture the 
present season; he replied by telegram 
and letter under date of May 20 that 
this mixture made with boiling water 
injures the foliage of peach seriously, 
while cooked with cold water it gave no 
injury when applied; also that the more 
dilute mixtures of lime-sulphur gave 
little injury even when made with boil¬ 
ing water. Of these the nine pounds 
lime to five pounds sulphur in 50 gal¬ 
lons of water was stated to have pro¬ 
duced little injury. In connection with 
Prof. W. J. Green, horticulturist of this 
Station, we have been conducting some 
spray experiments on Rome Beauty 
apple trees at our Southeastern Test 
Farm, Carpenter, Ohio. I visited these 
July 4, and find that the spray was put 
on too late to save the apple crop the 
present season; that nearly half the 
foliage bad dropped from the trees 
sprayed with ordinary Bordeaux Mix¬ 
ture twice; there was considerable 
dying of foliage sprayed with the self- 
boiled lime-sulphur, especially where it 
had been parasitized by fungi like Apple 
scab. 
A section of the trees sprayed with a 
modified mixture proposed by the writ¬ 
er a year ago, known as Bordeaux and 
iron sticker of the following composi¬ 
tion ; Copper sulphate, two pounds; 
iron sulphate, four pounds; lime, six 
pounds (if air slaked one-fourth 
more) ; water to make, 50 gallons, had 
left the foliage practically intact, but 
its application had been begun too late 
to insure freedom from apple scab. 
The latter mixture seems to be very 
promising for spraying apples in foliage, 
and very satisfactory results have been 
obtained this year on my own orchard 
in Athens County. A. D. selby. 
July 25, 
Treatment for Bean Rust. 
A. H. P., Uulberton, N. Y .—Marrow and 
Pea beans have a tendency in the growing 
season to rust or grow yellow. Would 
treating to formaldehyde be of any use? 
If so, liow is the best way to apply it? 
Would the gas treatment do any good? 
Ans. —I am unable to diagnose the 
trouble from this description, but am 
rather inclined to believe that you refer 
to pod-spot or anthracnose, which is a 
most common disease of beans. So far 
as experiments have been made they 
tend to show that soaking the seed in 
formaldehyde will help to control the 
trouble, but tends to reduce the stand, 
and that the reduction in the amount of 
the disease is not sufficient to make it 
pay. There is, moreover, considerable 
difficulty in treating bean seed with any 
solution, as the beans slip their coats, 
and a largely reduced stand results. 
For this reason we do not advise the 
treatment of beans for the control of 
the disease. So far as spraying with 
Bordeaux is concerned, I do not believe 
that under field conditions this is ever 
very effective. For a small patch in a 
garden where spraying can be thor¬ 
oughly done, Bordeaux will control the 
trouble. We are now working on a 
sell erne for obtaining clean seed, which 
is believed will lead to the control of 
this disease. The disease is almost if 
not entirely carried over in the seed. 
Some experiments carried on during 
the last three years lead me to believe 
that if the seed is entirely free from 
the disease, a perfectly clean crop can 
be grown. h. h. whetzel. 
U. S. Dept, of Agriculture. 
The Garber Pear. —This ripens two or 
three weeks before Kieffer, is considerably 
better in quality, does not come into bear¬ 
ing so early, but bears well when it does 
come in. We should say that it takes it 
at least two years longer to come into 
bearing than Kieffer. Sales on Garber 
(trees) steadily increase as it becomes 
known. Its main advantage over Kieffer 
is its superior quality as an eating pear, 
but still, even with its better than Kieffer 
quality, it could be said to be only fair 
in quality. In the South fewer trees of all 
varieties are being planted now than form¬ 
erly on account of blight. 
J. VAN BINDLEY NURSERY CO. 
North Carolina. 
Ducks and Green Scum. —On page 537 
I saw the question how to keep scum from 
a pond, asked by C. R. B., Orange County, 
N. Y. As I had a very similar pond to the 
one mentioned and the remedy I used for 
the scum proved effective I thought it might 
prove so in said case. I bought five ducks 
and let them loose on the pond, and in a 
few days the scum entirely disappeared, and 
since I have kept a few ducks on the pond 
I have not been troubled. 
New Jersey. harry l. moxley, jr. 
CUTAWAY TOOLS FOR LARGE HAY CROPS 
Clark’s Reversible 
Bush & Bog Plow 
Cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 
1 ft. deep. Will plow 
a new cut forest. His 
double action Cutaway 
Harrow keeps land true, 
1800 tons of earth, 
cuts 30 acres per day. 
Jointed Pole takes all the weight off Horses 
and keeps their heels away from the Disks. 
S' Cider Mills 
are simple, strong, durable, 
easy to take apart, easy to 
clean, and give perfect satis¬ 
faction. Made in eight sizes. 
Produce more juice from the 
same amount of fruit than 
any others. 
Clark's Root Cutter 
TWO SIZES 
Cuts 1 or 2 bushels per minute, 
for Fowl or Beast. Gouge cutters, 
never choke or clog. 
A WONDERFUL INVENTION 
CLARK’S DOUBLE ACTION COM¬ 
BINED CULTIVATOR & HARROW. 
Can be used to culti¬ 
vate rowed crops, as 
a listing harrow, also 
when closed together 
is a harrow cutting 4*2 
feet wide. 
CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 
39 Main St., Higganum.Conn. 
Try a Boss Cream Raiser 
In your home, if not 
as represented return 
atour expense. Moro 
satisfactory than a 
$100 Separator. Runs 
itself, raises cream 
quickly, Cets More 
Cream, keeps milk 
and cream sweet dur¬ 
ing hotest weather,no 
skimming or crocks 
and pans to handle. 
60,000 Gravity Separators sold in 1907. More Boss than 
any other kind. Price $3.25 and up. "Write today for 
free Catalogue. It will save you money. 
BLUFFTON CREAM SEPARATOR CO. BOX M, BLUFFTON, 0. 
Or, Dairymens’ Supply Co., Lansdowne, Pa. 
ENSILAGE 
Use C1LE-B1LDIII1 SUITERS 
The Up-to-Date Cutters 
with elevators to serve the highest silo, safety fly¬ 
wheel, safety treadle lever; cut 4 different lengths. 
Cut fastest, feed easiest; strongest and most 
durable. 
With or Without Traveling Feed Table 
Just the machines for people with light power engines. Write 
for book and investigate. WE WILL SAVE YOU MONEY. 
THE BELCHER & TAYLOR A. T. CC 
Box 75, Chicopee Fails, Mass. 
Do You Ship Tomatoesf 
If so, send for Catalogue and Prices on the latest styles of carriers. 
South Side Manufacturing Co., 
Petersburg, Va. 
SANDWICH BELT POWER PRESS 
> Capacity 2 to 4 Tons Per Hour. ^ 
Eight horse gasoline or steam power runs largest size to full capacity, while many 
customers are usintr smaller power. Equipped with Block 
Dropper which Is safe and sure In operation. Simple 
and effective Self Feeder, easy and fast to serve 
and one which handles large or small changes. A 
Simple, Solid, Businesslike Outfit. A Money-Maker. 
It is not made up of a maze of gears, tangle of shafts 
and friction clutches. Uses no balance wheel, does 
not need any. Motions 6low and powerful, no rapid 
or jerky movements. Wood or Steel Mountings. 
Lever Brake. Lined throughout with heavy sheet 
steel. Don’t fail to write today for our 64 page cata¬ 
logue,mailed free on application. Address, 
We make 
horse power 
presses too. 
SANDWICH MANUFACTURING CO„ 157 Main Street, SANDWICH, ILLINOIS, 
The “BOSS’* Potato Digger 
This Machine is not 
a new thing, hut 
has been thorough¬ 
ly tested in all 
kinds of soil, and 
under all con¬ 
ditions, and pro¬ 
nounced—as its name implies—the BOSS 
OF ALL DIGGERS, and to-day is in 
use by the best potato raisers in the coun- 
try. It weighs about f>00 pounds, and is 
easily handled by TWO HORSES. It 
is so adjusted that the operator can dig 
every row and deliver them on one side oi 
the field, making them easy to pick up. it 
will dig an uneven surface, and oil side 
as well as on the level, making a complete separation of the tubers from the soil and the weeds, it 
ade strong and durable, and will do good work on stony ground. Has never been beaten in trials, 
can furnish testimonials, on request, from all parts of the country. Write for catalog, prices, eic. 
D All ITM FDITNnDY C.CS . - - Cnrnincf New York 
