©10 
THE RURAL NEW-VORKER 
August 1, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every Query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to insure attention. Be¬ 
fore asking a question, please see whether it is not 
answered in our advertising columns. Ask only 
a few questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
CONDENSED ANSWERS 
From the Mail Bag. 
IVormy Chestnuts. —There is no ready 
cure for wormy chestnuts. The eggs from 
which the grubs are produced are laid by 
a peculiar beetle with a long snout. They 
attack the young burrs during the early 
Summer, boring into the base of the nuts 
and breeding an egg which later hatches 
out into the chestnut maggot we are all 
familiar with. As the beetles appear to 
only eat the tender material at the interior 
of the burr they cannot well be reached 
by poison. The best treatment is to gather 
up all defective burrs and wormy nuts as 
soon as they fall and burn them, thus 
destroying the grubs and preventing an at¬ 
tack from beetles next year. The beetles 
do not wander far, and it is often noticed 
that trees standing in poultry or hog 
yards are quite free from the pest. It is 
supposed that the chickens catch the grubs 
as they come out of the nut, and the 
hogs eat the wormy nuts as fast as they 
fall. Some years, however, the pest does 
very little damage, and most of the nuts 
turn out sound. 
Poli.enizer for Kieffer. —The Ivieffer 
pear is not entirely imperfect in bloom. 
Trees standing alone often bear fairly well, 
but it is found in practice to do better 
when pollinated with some other variety. 
Be Conte seems to be most suitable, as it 
has plenty of pollen and blooms at the 
same time. Where Kieffer and Le Conte 
trees stand togthcr there is usually an 
abundance of fruit. It might be well to 
graft some Be Conte scions in the tops of 
Kieffer trees. 
Transplanting Evergreens. —As a rule, 
August is a poor month for transplanting 
evergreens. The Spring growth has just 
been completed at the expense of the 
stored-up material in the wood cells, and 
the trees do not appear able to bear the 
shock of moving in dry weather. Occa¬ 
sionally good success is reported if the 
weather is rainy, but if hot and dry they 
will need shading and constant spraying. 
Middle or late September, on the other 
hand, is often a good time to move ever¬ 
greens, depending upon the character of 
the weather at the time. It is a poor 
plan to move them in the Summer or 
Fall if the weather and soil are dry. All 
things considered, it is safer to transplant 
evergreens from early Spring up to the 
middle of May, just as growth begins. 
Black Knot. —Black knot in plum trees 
is a troublesome disease due to a fungus 
that finds entrance in cracks of the bark. 
It grows for several years, producing 
knots or enlargements and finally fruits, 
discharging myriads of spores or minute 
seeds that infest other branches. The 
most practical way is to cut out all knots 
and diseased branches wherever noticed 
and burn them, even if it is necessary to 
remove a considerable part of the top of 
the tree. The larger knots, if situated 
on the main trunk or large limbs may be 
pared off and the cut surface painted 
several times with crude petroleum. When 
trying to control black knot in plum or 
other trees the disease should be looked 
for in nearby wild cherry and plum trees, 
and also removed if found there, as infec¬ 
tion is spread from one tree to another. 
Bringing Up Worn-Out Soil. 
J. M., Philadelphia , Pa .—What is the 
best way to bring up worn-out ground? 
Ans. —Such ground is “worn out” be¬ 
cause it is sour, because the vegetable 
matter or humus is used up, and be¬ 
cause the available plant food is ex¬ 
hausted. It is safe to figure on all 
three. To overcome sourness lime 
should be used—one ton or more to the 
acre. The cheapest way to add the 
vegetable matter is to plow under some 
crop like clover, cow peas or rye. In 
those ways some plant food will be 
made available, but fertilizer will do 
this more rapidly. Supposing the poor 
land is now hare, you can plant it at 
any time, spread lime on the furrows 
and harrow in. Then sow Crimson 
clover and Cow-horn turnips, as often 
advised in The R. N.-Y. Next Spring 
plow this crop under and fit the soil 
for another crop. If you do not care 
to harvest a crop sow cow peas. Plow 
these under in August and sow Crim¬ 
son clover and turnips again. The 
following Spring your land will be in 
good condition for any crop. If next 
Spring you want to grow corn, pota¬ 
toes or any other crop to harvest use 
from 500 to 1,000 pounds of high-grade 
fertilizer per acre. As soon as this 
crop is out sow another "catch crop 
like clover, rye or vetch, and let it 
grow through the Fall. With all this 
green manuring you should use lime 
every three or four years, but if you 
will follow it up and use chemicals free¬ 
ly you may start next year producing 
fair crops. Of course a good coat of 
manure will start such soil at once. You 
may also get a fair crop by simply 
plowing and harrowing and using a 
good dressing of fertilizer, but you 
must have humus in such soil to make 
it really productive. 
Value of Wood Ashes. 
F. A. CConneautj O .—Do you think 
it would pay to haul ashes seven miles to 
put on wheat ground ? We can get it from 
the pail factory, soft wood ashes (mostly 
basswood), at five cents per bushel for 
wet and six cents for dry. I want the 
ashes for the lime that is in them to see 
if I can get a better stand of clover. 
Ans.— It will depend on how you 
figure the cost of hauling the ashes. 
Do not try the wet ashes, for then you 
will have to haul large quantities of 
water. The dry ashes should weigh 
about 40 pounds to the bushel and thus 
cost $3 a ton. For that price you will 
get 100 pounds of potash, 40 of phos¬ 
phoric acid and over 600 of lime. \ ou 
could not buy the potash and phos¬ 
phoric acid for less than $6. You can 
figure what lime would cost at your 
place, and whether you can spare the 
teams to haul the ashes. We should be 
glad of the chance to get them. Re¬ 
member that at least one ton of lime 
per acre should be used, and that means 
three tons of ashes. 
Strawberry Notes. —I have had no ex¬ 
perience worth saying anything about in 
holding over strawberries for the second 
crop. 1 fruit once and plow under. I 
believe the best way to fit them is to mow 
and burn, then cultivate at once. It also 
seems to me that hill plants under clean 
culture should be allowed to form a few 
runners, removing the weaker hills and 
enough of the others to allow a single row 
of good layers, leaving an old plant every 
two or three feet, according to vigor of 
runners obtained. It is probable no more 
fruit would be obtained in this way than 
from the old plants, but would it not be 
of better quality? New varieties fruited 
were Great Scott, Miss Boston, Abington, 
Ryckman, Somerset Maid, Digliton Rock, 
Duke, Cardinal, Virginia, Good Buck, Chesa¬ 
peake. I shall have all on trial next 
year, but as they behaved this year would 
discard Great Scott, poor color and shape; 
Somerset Maid, seemingly identical with 
Lovett; Ryckman, because it seems an old 
variety that I tested as Dornan and a 
neighbor tried as New York. (It was all 
right this year in every way but if it is 
Dornan color is too poor most years for 
safe planting) ; Virginia, poor in flavor and 
appearance, would prefer Excelsior, as sour 
as it is, as it is several days earlier here. 
The best were Miss Boston, Abington, Ryck¬ 
man and Dighton Rock. g. a. parcell. 
New York. 
State Fair Dairy Test. —The New York 
State Fair butter fat test promises to be a 
very interesting part of the next Fair, to be 
held at Syracuse the week of September 14. 
There are four classes: A, for cows three 
years old or over having calved four days 
prior to commencement of test; B, for cows 
three years old or over, having calved at 
least six months before commencement of 
test; C, for heifers under three years, hav¬ 
ing calved four days prior to commence¬ 
ment of test; D, for heifers under three 
years, having calved at least six months 
before beginning of test. The Holstein- 
Friesian Association of America pays $200 
and the State Fair Commission $200 more, 
making each class worth $100, divided into 
three prizes. $50 to first, $30 to second, $20 
to third. This test is open to all breeds 
under direction of Prof. Wing of Cornell 
University. 
The classification for the four dairy 
breeds in the New York State Fair prize 
list, Ilolsteins, Jerseys, Ayrshires and 
Guernseys, lias been raised to $650 each, 
which makes it very attractive to exhibit¬ 
ors. The IIolstein-Friesian Breeders’ Asso¬ 
ciation of America has added $300 to the 
Holstein classes, making them worth $050. 
With an entry fee of $2 per stall for each 
animal it would seem that the New York 
State Fair should have the largest show 
of dairy animals ever held. 
Anybody Can Kodak. 
The No. 1 
BROWNIE 
Pictures, 2% x2}£. Price,$1.00 
If you feel somewhat interested in 
photography, but are not just sure 
whether you will really care for it after 
you have taken it up, there’s a very in¬ 
expensive way of making the experi¬ 
ment. The Dollar Brownie offers the 
opportunity. The Brownies are not 
expensive, but they stand the supreme 
test — they work. The pictures are 
2% x 2'A inches and the camera is truly 
a capable little instrument for either 
snap shots or time exposures. The 
price is so small that at first thought you 
may consider this camera a toy. The 
fact is that its production at this price is 
only made possible because it is made 
in the Kodak factory the largest and 
best appointed camera factory in the 
world. 
The Brownie Cameras all load in day¬ 
light with Kodak film cartridges, have 
effective lenses and shutters and are 
capable of really high-grade work. 
They are made in both the box and 
folding form at prices ranging from 
SI.00 to $9.00, with a Stereoscop ic 
Brownie at $12.00 that is a marvelous 
little instrument. 
The Book of the Brownies, tells 
all about them, and may be had free, at 
any dealers or will be mailed upon re¬ 
quest. 
EASTMAN KODAK CO. 
387 State Street, 
ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
Peach 
Baskets 
2, 4, 6, 8, 10,12, 14 and 
16-quart sizes. 
Peach Covers 
Wooden, Burlap and 
Cotton. 
Berry, Peach and 
Grape Crates, etc. 
Write for FRICKS and CATALOGUE. 
COLES&COMPANY 
109 & 111 Warren Street. New York. 
ESTABLISHED 1884. 
Water-proof; sun-proof; 
spark-proof; lightning-proof. 
Genasco 
Ready Roofing 
Made of Trinidad Lake As¬ 
phalt, the most enduring’weather- 
resister known. Nothing- else 
can make roofing: last any¬ 
where near so long. That’s 
why the demand for Genasco is 
increasing: so rapidly. 
Mineral or smooth surface. Ask your 
dealer for Genasco. Refuie all substitutes. 
Look for the hemisphere trade-mark. Write 
for "reason” book lO; also samples. 
THE BARBER ASPHALT 
PAVING COMPANY 
Largest producers of 
asphalt, and largest man¬ 
ufacturers of ready roof¬ 
ing in the world. 
PHILADELPHIA 
New York 
San Francisco Chicago 
ALFALFA 
Northern grown, fully 90 per,cent pure, guaranteed 
free from Dodder and Trefoil. All Government 
tested. To-day’s reduced price only $11.75 per busli. 
Write for catalog on farm and field seeds, ami free 
instructions on growing Alfalfa. 
J. E. WING & BROS SEED CO., Box 223, Mechanicsburg, Ohio. 
lirilf nnnn Crimson Clover Seed of my 
nCll UnUl own growing, ready dune 10. 
Booking orders now. Send for sample and prices. 
JOHN J. ROSA, Milford, Del. 
OpHE ENORMOUS YIELD of 50,000 quarts of 
1 Strawberries now growing by my system on 
one acre. Send for CHART. 
KEVITT’S PLANT FARM, Athenia, N. J. 
F OB SALE-Crimson Clover Seed, $3 to $3.50 bu., 
Medium Red Clover Seed, $11.50 to $12.50 bu., Cow 
Horn Turnip Seed, 30c. lb. Josi-|ih E. Holland,milord, Del. 
3U 2 to 200II.P. Saw Mill Outfits. 
! steam .Gasoline or Water Power. 
Planers. Shingle Mills.Corn Mills, 
i ZIZX DtlOACH M.LLMAHUFACTUR, Ng Co gg-JJ 
Bbidgcpobt, Al» 
ft 
Prairie Dogs, 
Woodchucks, Gophers, 
and Grain 1 useds. 
"The wheels of the gods 
grind slow but exceed- 
ngly small." So the weevil, but you can stop their 
“Fuma Carbon Bisulphide ” a > s e ffiZ 
EDWARD R. TAYLOR, Uenn Yan, N. Y. 
FUMA 
15 to 85c per rod. 
■ • I 11 
aud test. Write for fouce book of 133 styles. 
The Brown Fence <fc Wire Co. 
Cleveland, Ohio. 
Dwyer’s Pot Grown Strawberry Plants 
Strong, healthy plants from selected stock of choicest fruiting varieties sure to give 
satisfaction and PRODUCE A FULL CROP IN 19U9. 
We also have a full line of Fruits and Ornamental Trees, Plants, Vines, etc., for 
Fall Planting. We do Landscape Gardening in all its branches. Catalog Free. 
T. J. DWYER & CO., P. O. Box I, Cornwall, New York. 
CRIMSON CLOVER 
The great soil improver. Valuable 
also for early green food, grazing and 
hay crop. Special circular free; also 
sample and price of seed on request. 
HENRY A. DREER, 
714 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
A 1 nn 1 nr llfnniiC Destroyed by Dusting with 
uAddAuc WUnmo hammond’s slug shot 
So used for 28 years. Sold by All Seed Dealers. 
For pamph lets worth having write B. HAMMOND, Fishkill-on-Hudson, New York. 
Deal Buggies 
Are Beauties 
And They Wear As Well As They Look 
You want both style and service in a 
buggy. You get them both in the DEAL. 
The beauty of Deal design is striking, 
finish is superb. And the wear is there —under the lustrous paint and varnish. 
It’s in the wheels and the gear—in the body—the trimmings—the accessories. 
They are built for bad roads— and fairly spin over the hard, smooth stretches. 
There’s speed and service and lasting satisfaction in every “ Deal.” 
On the Market 50 Years—In theLeadToday 
Deal buggies have been pacemakers In style, quality and service for over fifty years. We take 
our time and we build them ridht and don’t care a continental for competition. We sell all we 
can make and each one is an advertisement on wheels. Thousands of Deal Buggies are 
advertising our high-grade work, all through Michigan, Indiana and Ohio. You see them every¬ 
where. We put our Trade-Mark” on each buggy, and this is what It means— “We absolutely 
guarantee the material and workmanship to be perfect.” It is as good as an 
Insurance Policy, because Michigan’s Pioneer Buggy Builder stands back of it. 
Write for our Free Buddy Book. It is different from the ordinary buggy catalog, 
because it tells the plain truth, without literary varnish. You’ll enjoy reading it. 
Send for a free copy today. 
Deal Buggy Company, Dept. 20# ionesville y Mich. 
