1908. 
THIS RURAL NEW-YORKER 
017 
KEEP THEM AT HOME! 
The following members of the Now York 
Senate voted against Governor Hughes In 
his efforts to remove the Superintendent 
of Insurance. Some of them have done so 
twice—others are backsliders. Ail have 
proved unworthy in a fair test. All are in 
districts where the votes of farmers can 
defeat them. It should be the duty of 
every farmer to blacklist them and keep 
them away from Albany. Vote them out! 
.TOTHAM P. ALLDS.Norwich. N. Y. 
S. PBItCY HOOKER.I.eRoy, N. Y. 
JOHN RAINES .Canandaigua, N. Y. 
SANFORD W. SMITH.Chatham, N. Y. 
HORACE WHITE .Syracuse, N. Y. 
BENJ. M. WILCOX.Auburn, N. Y. 
JOSEPH ACICROYD .Utica, N. Y. 
FRANK M. BOYCE. .. East Schodack, N. Y. 
FRANCIS II. GATES. .. Chittenango, N. Y. 
WM. W. WEMPLE.Schenectady, N. Y. 
WM. T. O’NEIL.St. Regis Falls, N. Y. 
OWEN CASSIDY .Watkins. N. Y. 
FREIGHT TRAINS ON COUNTRY ROADS. 
The picture shown at Fig. 273 is made 
from a photograph taken in France. In 
that country both roads and automobiles 
have been improved and developed un¬ 
til all classes receive some benefit from 
them. Laws favor the use of good 
roads for the public. While in this 
country only a part of the public trolley 
lines are even permitted to carry 
freight, in France trains like that 
shown in the picture are run along 
country roads carrying freight from 
place to place at a fair rate. Other 
trains carry passengers so that the pub¬ 
lic is well served. No doubt we shall 
have very much the same service in 
this country as roads are improved and 
automobiles come within reach of the 
people. Beginning on short routes in 
WIREWORMS IN CORN. 
Wc have been troubled for several sea¬ 
sons with wire worms in corn, particularly 
on ground that has been tilled the year 
before. As we require about 35 acres of corn 
each year for silage it sometimes seems ad¬ 
visable to succeed potatoes with corn, and 
even corn with corn, rather than break up 
a meadow that will cut two tons of hay 
per acre, especially at the high price of 
grass seed. I have been advised to use 
salt. If so, how much to the acre and how 
best applied? If broadcast w r ould it be 
right to spread the x-equired amount on top 
of loads of manure spread with spreader? 
Manure is worked in with disk harrow. 
Queensbury, N. Y. i>. d. b. 
Wireworms ai'e the larvae of small, slen¬ 
der beetles known as click-beetles or “snap¬ 
ping beetles.” from their ability to snap 
over on their feet when placed upon their 
backs. These beetles are rarely injurious, 
but their wireworms feed mostly upon the 
roots of living vegetation, while a few of 
the larger ones live in rotten wood. The 
natural feeding grounds of wireworms are 
grass lands, especially old sod land. When 
such lands are plowed and cultivated and 
crops like corn, wheat, potatoes and similar 
crops are grown thereon, they are quite 
liable to be seriously attacked by the worms. 
We think that it requires three years for 
these insects to go through their life-cycle. 
The eggs are practically unknown, and 
after working for two or more years in the 
soil as wireworms, the insects transform 
in little earthen cells in late Summer 
through very tender, white pupae to the 
click-beetles that remain in the soil until 
the next Spring. The Coi’nell Experiment 
Station devoted several years of careful, 
through investigation in these insects, and 
tested all theories and recommendations re¬ 
garding their control. We tried to protect 
kernels of corn from them by coating the 
kernels with Paris-green and tlour. with tar, 
AUTOMOBILE FREIGHT TRAIN IN FRANCE. Fig. 273. 
thickly settled regions, such service will 
extend with time and prove a great 
blessing to country people. 
PROHIBITION AND TAXATION. 
We have been told for many years 
that it was •the liquor business that kept 
the jails and prisons full, the courts 
busy and that necessitated a large and 
expensive police force. Now we have 
legal prohibition of the manufacture 
and sale of intoxicants over a large 
part of the United States; 55 per cent 
of the area’ we are told. North Caro¬ 
lina gave an overwhelming majority in 
favor of prohibition a few weeks ago. 
Is it not about time that part of this 
large drove of public officers that have 
been making a fat living off the public 
because of the liquor traffic were put 
at some useful, productive labor, the 
offices abolished and the money used in 
paying salaries left where it belongs, in 
the pockets of taxpayers? In North 
Carolina prohibition has made steady 
progress. Now we have State prohibi¬ 
tion, yet taxes have steadily gone up 
and the number of officeholders in¬ 
creased. Last year the assessed value 
of taxable property was raised, and this 
year the rate of taxation was increased 
25 per cent. Taxes to-day are about 50 
per cent higher than they were two 
years ago. I mention this because I 
have seen no reference to it anywhere, 
either in print or by any public speaker. 
North Carolina. E. v. harbecic, m. d. 
R. N.-Y.—Flon. J. W. Bailey, of Ral¬ 
eigh, chairman of the North Carolina 
Anti-Saloon League, makes this state¬ 
ment about the effect of prohibition 
upon taxation: 
“The abolition of the dispensary at 
Raleigh was followed by an increase of 
the rate from $2.05 to $2.33 on the thou¬ 
sand. _ So far as I know this is the 
enly increase in our State on account 
of prohibition. The truth is we have 
so gradually eradicated the saloon that 
no special effect is discernible.” 
and by soaking the kernels in solutions of 
salt, copperas, chloride of lime, strychnine, 
Paris-green, Fowler’s solution, arsenic, cor¬ 
rosive sublimate and also in kerosene and 
turpentine. The Wireworms fed on the 
kernels with impunity. The conclusion 
reached was that it is not practicable to 
protect corn by means of these substances, 
even were it possible to use them without 
retarding or preventing the germination of 
the seed. We failed to starve out the 
wireworms in soil kept clean of all vegeta¬ 
tion for a year. They also thrived in soil 
in which nothing but buckwheat, mustard 
or rape was grown. It was also found im¬ 
practicable to kill the wireworms in the 
soil by the application of kerosene, crude 
petroleum, bisulphide of carbon, lime and 
gas lime. We could not kill them with 
kainit, even when used *at the rate of 
nine tons per acre. Salt and muriate of 
potash will destroy many of the wireworms 
when applied at the rate of about eight 
tons to the acre, or so that one per cent 
of the soil to a depth of four inches is salt. 
This amount would be very destructive 
to vegetation. It is also a common notion 
that salt drives wireworms deeper into 
the soil. We found that an application 
of 1,000 pounds of salt per acre inter¬ 
fered with the germination of wheat and 
neither drove the wireworms deeper into 
the soil nor caused them to migrate any 
appreciable distance. 
When making these extensive experiments 
we were also studying the life-habits of 
the insects and found that during the 
month of July the wireworms transformed 
through the tender pupa stage, and that 
if we disturbed these pupse by simply 
breaking the little earthen cells in which 
they were transforming, none of them ever 
reached maturity no matter how carefully 
we handled them. This experience indi¬ 
cated that if infested fields are plowed after 
July 20. and thoroughly pulverized and 
kept stirred un. manv of these little earthen 
cells may be broken and the tender pupae 
and recently-formed beetles within de¬ 
stroyed. After three or four weeks of 
such thorough cultivation wheat or rye 
may be sown. In connection with this 
Fall cultivation farmers having land badly 
infested with wireworms should practice 
the method of short rotation of crops. Do 
not keep fields in sod for more than a 
year or two at a time. Another important 
point is that it will inquire at least three 
years of such thorough Fall cultivation to 
free the soil of these pests, as only the 
pupae and tender adults are killed each 
Fall, while most of the one and two-year- 
old wireworms will escape injury. Thus 
only about one-third of the pests can be 
reached each year by the cultivation method. 
St. V. SLINGERLAND. 
185T 
1908 
Our Report 
is Coming 
Watch for it! 
A&'j 
Meanwhile read these 
Advance Reports 
from various State 
Stations—1908. 
EVERY SAMPLE TAKEN 
IN THE OPEN MARKET 
BY STATE AGENTS 
NAME OF STATE AND BRAND 
PER CENT. 
GUARAN¬ 
TEED BY US 
PER CENT 
FOUND 
BY STATE 
NEW YORK STATE 
E. FRANK COE’S Excelsior Potato Fertilizer 
Nitrogen . 
9 /i7 
9. A1 
Available Phos. Acid. 
Potash . 
7.00 
Q AA 
8.13 
Q UA 
O.UU 
Peruvian Market Gardeners Fertilizer 
Nitrogen. 
5.74 
5.82 
Available Phos. Acid. 
8.00 
10.22 
Potash . 
1 1 ft A 
1U.UU 
CONNECTICUT 
Genuine Peruvian Guano, Chincha Grade 
Nitrogen. 
7.06 
7.27 
Available Phos. Acid. 
6.50 
7.85 
Potash. 
2 00 
2.51 
E. FRANK COE’S High Grade Ammoniated Bone 
Superphosphate 
Nitroeen... 
2 28 
Available Phos. Acid. 
9.00 
10 56 
Potash. .. 
o op; 
2.53 
E. FRANK COE’S Celebrated Special Potato Fertilizer 
Nitrogen... 
1 a*; 
2 30 
Available Phos. Acid. 
8.00 
10^23 
Potash . 
A AA 
5.18 
E. FRANK COE’S New Englander Corn and 
Potato Fertilizer 
Nitrogen. 
0 ftO 
1 56 
Available Phos. Acid. 
7.50 
9.85 
Potash. 
3 AA 
3.29 
E. FRANK COE’S Tobacco and Onion Fertilizer 
Nitrogen. 
q AA 
8.58 
Available Phos. Acid. 
6 00 
7.53 
Potash . 
AA 
8.92 
VERMONT 
E. FRANK COE’S High Grade Ammoniated Bone 
Superphosphate 
Nitrogen. 
O AQ 
Available Phos. Acid. 
9.00 
6, \JO 
9.74 
Potash. 
2.25 
O ft/t 
E. FRANK COE’S New Englander Corn Fertilizer 
Nitrogen. 
0.80 
1 40 
Available Phos. Acid. 
7.50 
9 36 
Potash. 
3.00 
3.05 
CDm is a difference in fertilizers, flre YOU using the BEST? 
Tf not, use the nest for your Tali Seeding. 
OUR FERTILIZER LITERATURE, SENT FREE ON REQUEST, WILL GIVE 
YOU FULL INFORMATION. 
?5he Coe-Mortimer Company 
24,STONE STREET. NEW YORK CITY 
Freight Prepaid Rubber Roofing 
Order * < B-B” Roofing at once to get these lowest prices and freight paid—or write 
for catalog and samples Free. Find out all about “B-B” Rooting, absolutely guar¬ 
anteed water-proof, llre-reslstlng and durable—loug-ttbre Wool-felt, saturated In 
Asphalt by special “B-B” Process, heavily coated both sides with Flexible Water- 
Proof Compound. Can’t crack, wrinkle or leak. Get our FREE SAMPLES—FREE 
BOOKLET. We pay all 
Prop Cement and Special Rooting 
* * Nails inclosed in each roll. 
Hammer lays It 
j[85 
225 
Freight to points east of 
Missouri Rlverand north 
of the south line of Ten¬ 
nessee. If you live be¬ 
yond, we pay freight 
that far. Longeit Guar¬ 
antee and Prompt, Safe 
Delivery. Write us at 
once on a postal, or order 
from thlsadvertlsement. 
Satisfaction or money 
back. This remarkable low price can’t last long. 
Take advantage of It and write this very day. 
The Breese Bros. Co. 
Roofing Dept. 11, Cincinnati, Ohio 
Lowest Factory- 
Price—Freight 
Prepaid 
Freight Prepaid on 
100 lbs. or more 
35-lb. Roll—108 «|35 
Sq. Ft.—1-Ply 
45-lb. Roll—108 
Sq. Ft.—2-Ply 
55-lb. Roll—108 
Sq.Ft.—3-PIy 
Order today, or write for 
Samples and Booklet 
