190S. 
THE RURAt NEW-YORKER 
841 ! 
AILING ANIMALS. 
Shoe Boil. 
I hare a tliree-year-old colt that has 
a swelling on his front leg just below his 
shoulder, not lame. Some say it is a shoe 
boil and it cannot be taken off. Please 
let me know if it can be taken off and what 
will cure it. I have been putting liniment 
on. E. H. 
New Hampshire. 
Certainly it can be taken off—with a 
knife: and that is the best treatment in a 
chronic case of “shoe boil’’ that has ad¬ 
vanced from the soft stage to the one 
where the tumor has become hard (fibroid). 
The colt should be kept tied up so that the 
part will not be further bruised on the 
floor of stall. External applications are 
useless unless at the start of the trouble. 
If fluid is present, and it does not become 
reabsorbed in two weeks when colt is kept 
tied up and the part is bathed twice daily 
with hot water, then have it opened and at¬ 
tended to by a veterinarian, or, if that is 
impossible, open it freely and pack the 
cavity once daily with oakum saturated in 
a mixture of equal parts of turpentine and 
raw linseed oil. a. s. a. 
Cow With Catarrh. 
I have a six-year-old cow with a trouble 
in her head and nostrils; she cannot breathe 
at times through her nostrils, and has a 
discharge through nose. The cow is a Jer¬ 
sey. Please give me some remedy for her. 
Pennsylvania. G. a. 
We would advise having the cow tested 
with tuberculin to make sure that tuber¬ 
culosis does not cause the difficulty in 
breathing and the discharge described. It 
may be chronic catarrh, and in that case 
treatment will scarcely prove profitable un¬ 
less the cow happens to be valuable for 
breeding purposes. Treatment would con¬ 
sist in giving tonics, such as a two-dram 
dose of dried sulphate of iron twice daily 
for 10 days, and then changing to one 
dram doses of iodide of potash night and 
morning for two weeks, or at least until 
the cow shows signs of “iodism,’ such as 
slobbering, discharge from eyes, loss of appe¬ 
tite and scurfy skin. The medicines re¬ 
ferred to cannot safely be given to a cow 
in calf, and the iodide of potash will 
cause emaciation and greatly diminish the 
milk flow. In such cases it also is well to 
sprinkle chloride of lime in the manger and 
to syringe the nostrils once dally with a 
mixture of one dram of tannic or gallic 
acid in a pint of water. a. s. a. 
Wind-Sucking Mare. 
A friend of mine has a fine young mare 
bought this Spring, sound every way, but a 
wind-sucker. Is there any cure for it, or 
any way to stop her? j. w. N. 
Pennsylvania. 
There is no cure for this bad habit or 
vice when thoroughly established. Buck¬ 
ling a strap fairly tight around the neck 
just back of throat latch may prove bene¬ 
ficial, and the animal also should be kept 
in a box stall from which everything has 
been removed upon which the teeth or chin 
could be rested to perform the act of crib¬ 
bing and wind-sucking. In some cases, 
however, the habit is performed without 
resting or fixing the teeth on a manger or 
other object. a. s. a. 
Joint Disease of Foal. 
I have a colt from a purebred Percheron 
horse and very large young mare. When 
the colt was about eight days old it began 
to swell just below the knees on the out¬ 
side of front legs; it is now four weeks old 
and is still getting worse. The place 
seems to be soft as though it was full of 
water, and the colt seems to be losing the 
use of its ankle joints. When it is walk¬ 
ing it sometimes fails to get its foot out 
far enough, and its foot doubles back and it 
stumbles. Could you tell me what to do 
for it? p. L. c. 
West Virginia. 
While one cannot be certain without an 
examination we strongly suspect that the 
soft swelling contains pus, and that it 
owes its origin to infection of the navel at 
birth. To prevent such cases the mare 
should be kept in a clean place at foaling 
time, and the navel of the foal at birth 
should be well wetted with a 1-500 solution 
of corrosive sublimate and this application 
should be repeated twice a day until the 
navel is perfectly healed. In this way 
filth germs are killed, and so an abscess 
does not form at the navel or secondary 
abscesses in the joints. In some cases the 
infection is slight, and abscesses form 
slowly and a considerable time after birth. 
The case in question may be one of this 
kind. The swelling should be carefully ex¬ 
amined to see if pus is present, and if pus 
is found it will have to be liberated by a 
free opening, after which we would inject 
once daily a little of a mixture of one 
dram of iodoform in an ounce of sulphuric 
ether. Internal treatment also is necessary 
and consists in giving three times daily a 
tablespoonful of a mixture of half an ounce 
of tincture of echinacea and water to make 
half a pint. If pus is not found then we 
would simply rub in iodine ointment each 
other day and at the same time a splint 
and bandages should be applied to support 
the weak fetlock joint. a. s. a. 
Difficulty With Cows; Unthrifty Sow. 
1. I have a six-year-old cow that stopped 
giving milk without the least sign of cause. 
She is one of my best milkers and appears 
perfect in every way. My man said she 
probably sucked herself, so we kept her in 
stanchion over night. 2. I have a sow that 
is a year old. She is almost just skin, hair 
and bones. Her hair stands up and out, so 
she does not look poor. What ails her? 
3. I have a two-year-old purebred Jersey 
that has given bloody milk out of one teat. 
It is dry now. No cause is discoverable. 
4. A nine-year-old high-grade Jersey whose 
milk tested 6.8 in June, milks so hard out 
of the two hind teats (for two weeks past) 
that it is almost impossible to get any milk 
from them. The two hind teats are about 
dry. The two fore teats are normal. What 
is the cause? n. s. 
New York. 
1. You do not say if the self-sucking act 
was discovered to be the cause. If It was 
it may be prevented by putting a halter on 
the cow and attaching to it a straight bit 
so that it will come low down in her mouth 
toward the muzzle. An attack of indiges¬ 
tion often causes sudden stoppage of milk 
flow. 2. The sow should be slaughtered 
and examined, as tuberculosis or some 
chronic, incurable trouble doubtless is pres¬ 
ent, and she would not be worth treating. 
If worms happened to be the cause there 
would of course be some chance of saving 
her, but as to that we are unable to ad¬ 
vise. 3. A blow or other injury often 
causes garget and bloody milk. In that 
case the affected quarter may not regain 
its milk-giving function. No treatment can 
be given while she is “dry.” 4. It may be 
possible by the use of a teat bistoury and 
dilators to enlarge the milk ducts so that 
milking will become easy, but such opera¬ 
tions require a qualified veterinarian. 
A. s. A. 
DAIRY QUALITY OF A SOW. 
F. D. Squiers criticises the statement 
made on page 512 about the amount of 
milk given by a sow. We have hunted 
up the figures and give them below: 
Our statement about the quantity of 
milk given by a sow was based on some 
experiments conducted by W. A. Henry 
and F. W. Woll at the Wisconsin Ex¬ 
periment Station, 1897. They took four 
sows out of a lot of 18, selecting the 
quiet animals, which were not so easily 
disturbed as the others. In order to 
determine the weight of the milk given 
by these sows the pigs from each one 
were confined away from the sows in a 
pen by themselves. For periods of 
three days and at intervals of two hours 
by day and from four to five hours by 
night each litter of little pigs was put 
together in a basket, and weighed. 
After weighing they were placed with 
the sow and as soon as they were done 
feeding they were again taken away, 
placed in the basket and once more 
weighed. The difference in the two 
weights was credited to the milk given 
by the sow. This went on for three 
days, then after two weeks the same 
plan was carried out for three days 
more, and after another interval for 
three days more, an average being made 
ot all the figures. Four sows together 
took care of 27 pigs. The sows weighed 
from 220 to 438 pounds, the heavier 
ones being two years old. One sow, a 
Poland-China two years old, weighed 
438 pounds, and she had seven pigs to 
care for. She was given a daily ration 
of four pounds of shorts, four pounds 
of cornmeal and eight pounds of skim- 
milk. Shortly after farrowing this sow 
gave 3.4 pounds of milk per day as an 
average of the three days. Two weeks 
later, when the milk was weighed again, 
she averaged 8.3 pounds, and still later 
5.8 pounds, giving an average of 5.8 
pounds per day for the entire period of 
the experiment. The highest yield in 
any one day was 8.7 pounds, as deter¬ 
mined by weighing the pigs before and 
after feeding. As nearly as possible 
accurate samples of the milk were taken 
from the sows for analyses, and a large 
number of these samples were ex¬ 
amined. The average of all the sam¬ 
ples showed 19.65 of total solids, 8.24 
per cent of fat and 11.41 per cent of 
solids not fat. The richest of the sows’ 
milk contained 9^2 per cent of fat. To 
the criticism that six pounds of milk 
could not possibly provide the food for 
a litter of seven pigs, Prof. Woll says 
that this milk contains twice or even 
three times as much fat as the average 
cow’s milk, and very much more than 
skim-milk ordinarily fed to pigs. Prof. 
Woll points out that taking the average 
of all the sows for the entire period we 
have a daily yield of 3.37 pounds of fat 
per day, which would amount to two 
and a half pounds of butter. He says 
that for an animal weighing one-third 
or less than the average cow this stamps 
the sow as- a fair dairy animal, es¬ 
pecially when her milk-producing facul¬ 
ties have received no thought from the 
breeder or feeder. 
TRUE TESTS FOR DAIRY CATTLE. 
I note the article on “What do the 
Tests Prove?” on page 565. I think it 
is generally recognized among dairy¬ 
men, especially those who keep records 
of production of individual cows, that 
the yield of a very large quantity of 
milk or butter fat for a short time at 
the beginning of a milking period is 
little indication of their standing in a 
herd with regard to profit. There has 
been established by the United States 
Department of Agriculture a National 
Dairy Register which is based on yearly 
records only. Purebred cows of any 
breed registered in breeding associations 
which are cooperating in the National 
Dairy Register of Merit, and which in 
a test of a year produce not less than 
from 6,500 pounds of milk if just two 
years old at beginning of test to 10,000 
pounds as a mature cow five years old 
or over, or from 250 to 360 pounds of 
butter fat according to age, may be 
registered in this list. 
The Ayrshire Breeders’ Association 
has practically the same rules, except 
that a cow must yield up to both a spe¬ 
cific amount of milk and also of butter 
fat. To be admitted to their “Record 
of Performance” the Canadian breeders 
of Ayrshires require in addition to the 
record of a year’s performance that 
their cows freshen within 15 months 
after the beginning of the test, also in 
four-year-olds and mature cows the be¬ 
ginning of the previous period of lac¬ 
tation must not be more than 15 months 
before that of the beginning of the test. 
I believe the Canadians are on the right 
track, and that such records, especially 
if supplemented by photographs of 
stock, would be of great assistance in 
the selection of purebred cattle. 
_ o. w. B. 
Silage Decaying "Wood. —Does silage de¬ 
cay or preserve the wood? Any silo will 
last much longer and give better satisfac¬ 
tion when kept painted on the outside and 
oiled or treated with some good wood pre¬ 
servative like carbolineum on the inside. 
It is not necessary to build a silo inside 
a barn, as it is a useless waste of room, 
and no good can come from it. The juice 
from the silage will decay the silo rather 
than preserve it. Of course the lower 
part which comes in contact with the silage 
for the longer periods will decay first. 
The moisture in the material naturally set¬ 
tles to the lower part, also aiding it to 
decay more rapidly unless proper care is* 
taken to prevent it. c. s. a. 
Hinged 
mangers weight¬ 
ed Uke a window, 
ralseover cows’ heads 
cleaning trough and watering. 
Adjustable Chain Swing Stan 
chions. Automatic Cleaning 
Mangers and Steel Pipe 
Partitions ^ 
The neatest, cleanest, strongest, most con¬ 
venient, most comfortable and most sanitary 
of all cow stablings. Cement trough for in¬ 
door watering forms manger bottoms. Stan¬ 
chions adjust for long and short cows, so all are 
lined on the gutter. Send for booklet for all 
particulars. 
KentMfjLCOj^MKeti^t^or^tklnsonjJjVls^ 
THE WORLD’S STANDARD” 
Separators 
THE DE LAVAL5EPARAT0R CO 
165-167 BROADWAY, 
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CHICAGO. 
SPAVIN CURL 
i Never falling cure for Spavin, 1 
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1 Lameness. Also a great fain-1 
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f at drug stores or address 
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Knosburg Falls, VL 
You Can’t Cut Out 
A BOG SPAVIN or 
THOKOUGHPIN, but 
AgSORBINE 
will clean them off, and you work the 
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remove the hair. Will tell you more if 
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AIJSORBINE, JR., for mankind, 
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HALLOS 
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Little 
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Station C Brooklyn. N. Y. j 
