THE RURAX) NEW-YORKER 
657 
190.8. 
MOLASSES RATION FOR MILCH COWS. 
I find molasses a profitable food for 
dairy cows with mixed meadow hay. What 
mill feed and how much should I use 
to make a proper ration for large Hol¬ 
stein cows? I had thought of cotton¬ 
seed meal, gluten, oil meal and distillers’ 
grains. Feed is same price as in New York 
city. a. ii. n. 
Goshen, N, 1\ 
It is not possible to compose an ideal 
ration for milch cows from mixed mea¬ 
dow hay, cotton-seed meal, oil meal, 
gluten and distillers’ grains. In the first 
place some succulent food, such as silage 
or roots, is essential for the best results. 
For cows at pasture I have found a 
ration of two pounds cotton-seed meal 
and two pounds bran very satisfactory; 
especially early in the season, when the 
grass is soft, for cotton-seed meal has 
a tendency to prevent scouring. If sil¬ 
age and mixed hay were fed, a grain 
ration like the following would probably 
give good results: Two pounds cotton¬ 
seed meal; two pounds oil meal; four 
pounds bran; two pounds gluten; 10 
pounds brewers’ grains. For cows rather 
thin in flesh, or showing a tendency to 
grow thin on this ration, I should cut 
out the cotton-seed meal and substitute 
two pounds cornmeal. 
The following rations have proved 
satisfactaory in actual practice: 1. 10 
pounds brewers’ grains; four pounds 
cotton-seed meal; eight pounds bran; 
70 pounds silage, 2. 15 pounds clover 
hay; 25 pounds silage; two pounds corn- 
meal ; four pounds bran; two pounds oil 
meal. __ c. s. m. 
WINTER LAMBS. 
There are so many queries sent to me, 
and so much misunderstanding also 
with regard to the above subject, that 
I venture, at the risk of some repetition 
of what I have heretofore said, in sub¬ 
stance at least, in the columns of The 
R. N.-Y., to set in order, briefly, some 
of the foundation stones, with some 
suggestions as to details, in erecting a 
suitable and profitable structure, or 
early lamb. I would deprecate the use 
of the term “hothouse Iamb,” so gen¬ 
erally used. It is a misnomer, and im¬ 
plies artificially heated, expensive build¬ 
ings, quite beyond the reach of any 
except the fancy or wealthy farmer. 
Neither is necessary, the former unde¬ 
sirable. Any man with the right kind 
of sheep, dry, comfortable barns, who 
is not afraid to feed heavily at the 
proper time, and is willing to give per¬ 
sonal attention to the business, can 
carry it on with success and profit. 
Like any other business I am acquain¬ 
ted with, success does not follow some 
great thing, but personal care of all 
the little details. 
The Best Sheep for the Purpose.— 
I believe in a special purpose sheep, as I 
do in a special purpose cow. It is first 
and vital to have sheep that will breed 
in hot weather, so as to drop their 
lambs early enough that they may go 
to market at eight to 12 weeks old in 
early January, and bring the price ob¬ 
tainable only at that time or a little 
later of $10 to $13 each, when they 
weigh alive not less than 40 to 45 
pounds, and hog-dressed, from 28 to 
35 pounds. '_he period of gestation 
with a sheep is five months. Only in 
rare instances is it possible to get the 
black-faced English mutton breeds to 
drop their lambs much before Febru¬ 
ary, although March lambs fatten well 
and grow fast. I know of a nearby 
flock of purebred Shropshires, some 40 
in numbers, that had 27 lambs last No¬ 
vember and five more in December. 
1 he 32 brought over $320. This is an 
exception, and those who try to raise 
early lambs from such sheep will doubt¬ 
less fail of obtaining the highest price, 
every dollar of which above the cost of 
production is clear profit. Of course the 
half blood lambs, kept as breeders from 
such a cross, will breed earlier and 
eventually an early breeding flock 
will be obtained, but it is a slow pro¬ 
cess, with a lot of lambs coming all 
Winter, entailing more feed and in¬ 
creased work. This I know from pre¬ 
viously having tried such a cross. 
The Dorsf.ts.—T he popular and best 
all-around breed for this purpose is tlie 
Horned Dorset, a fair wooled, good¬ 
bodied sheep, and a heavy milker. A 
very old English breed, and one that 
will drop their lambs early, because for 
generations they have been bred to do 
so. These sheep have been greatly im¬ 
proved since the first importations, and 
as bred by the best Dorset men to-day 
are an exceedingly attractive and valu¬ 
able sheep. Their lambs make good 
mutton carcasses, too, when put on the 
market in the Fall at six months old. 
To start with a purebred flock is beyond 
the means of the ordinary farmer. 
Often a flock of grades can be secured, 
which, with a purebred ram, make fine 
stock from which to raise early lambs. 
Merinos. —Of the sheep generally 
kept the Merinos are the best for this 
purpose, for they will breed early in the 
season and are good milkers, the last a 
most necessary quality. Nothing will 
crowd a lamb along like its mother’s 
milk. Pure, or nearly so, the lambs do 
not attain weight or size quickly enough 
to market under three months old. 
Here is one of the few cases where 
cross breeding is desirable. A ram of 
one of the black-faced breeds with such 
ewes produces excellent lambs. For a 
foundation flock I agree most heartily 
with my friend “Joe” Wing when he 
says in his excellent book, “Sheep 
Farming in America,” “Cross-bred ewes, 
from Merino mothers and Dorset sires, 
form the best foundation for a flock for 
producing early lambs.” 
The Tunis. —Here is another breed 
well suited to the purpose, one that I 
am using. Nevertheless, I will not hesi¬ 
tate to set down their shortcomings 
with their good qualities. As their 
name implies, they are natives of Tunis 
in Africa. Coming from a hot climate, 
they will breed naturally in warm 
weather, nearly if not quite as well as 
the Dorsets. I find them extremely 
large milkers; in fact, last Spring we 
had some ewes that gave more milk 
when heavily fed than their lambs 
would take without injury. They have 
broad tails, often nearly six inches 
across near the body. They are some¬ 
times called “Fat-tailed African sheep.” 
The characteristic of laying on fat in 
the hind quarters makes them par¬ 
ticularly valuable for early lambs, as a 
lamb for this market, no matter how 
large it is, must be fat to bring the 
highest price. I have raised early lambs 
from several different breeds, and seen 
them from all, and I say without reser¬ 
vation that the fattest lambs have been 
Tunis. The kidneys are all well cov¬ 
ered with fat, with a heavy caul, that 
makes them very attractive when mar¬ 
keted. The lambs are good size when 
born and grow rapidly. The sheep are 
not particularly handsome, rather slab- 
ribbed, with long faces, chocolate or 
mixed color. Their forequarters arc 
light, and hence the lambs do not make 
heavy carcasses at six or eight months 
old. Starting with such of the above as 
are most readily attainable, the first 
and most important step is taken. Then 
always use a mature ram, and have and 
keep him in the best physical condi¬ 
tion, when early and strong lambs will 
be assured, if the ewes are properly fed. 
Of this I will speak in a later article. 
EDWARD VAN ALSTYNE. 
House Manure a Great Fly Extermina¬ 
tor.— If F. E. L., on page 5G8, has hens, 
and will take old barrels, fill two-thirds 
or more with fresh horse manure, and set i 
in stable for a few days until the larvne 
get large, then empty in his henhouse, he 
will enjoy seeing his hens have a good 
feast, and at the same time get rid of an 
enormous amount of flies. I have prac¬ 
ticed (ids for a number of years, and have 
blit few flies. k. P. 
Weston, Mass. 
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