1903. 
THE RUreWIv NEW-YORKER 
El HO 
BUYING PUREBRED CATTLE. 
How to Be Sure. 
Pakt II. 
What family of Jerseys shall you in¬ 
vest in? If you are afraid of these 
“family” lines why go in for family at 
all ? Family breeding is inbreeding, 
and inbreeding is the work of ex¬ 
perts—never for the novice. There are 
thousands of registered Jerseys in this 
country that belong to no particular 
•family. They are what we call 
“blended breeding,” and are produced 
like this—that is, the good ones are: 
Take, for instance, a St. Lambert cow 
of good form, and finer than the general 
run of St. Lamberts, breed her to a 
Coomassie bull of more than the aver¬ 
age size. If she drops a bull—kill 
him, but if a heifer, raise her and 
breed her to, say a Golden Lad bull of 
the type you desire 1 . By this time you 
have broken up any decided tendency 
to any particular family and in all prob¬ 
ability you will have a good cow. If 
not, kill her and try again, for you may 
be assured that the majority of them 
will be good. 
I have before me an article written, 
by a man who has imported a great 
many Jerseys from the Island, and he 
sounds a warning to the island breeders. 
In the past these islanders have paid 
but very little attention to pedigree. 
Many of their animals were never reg¬ 
istered at all, and they relied greatly 
upon breeding from the good individ¬ 
uals rather than trusting to ancestry. 
But for several years past American 
buyers have favored a certain family 
on the island simply because they found 
many good animals among this family. 
These Americans bought the best ones 
and brought them over and sold them 
at big prices. The next year they went 
back and bought the best there was 
left of this family, and have repeated 
the operation several times. Now these 
islanders “woke up” to the fact that 
the Americans were booming this 
family of Jerseys, so being thrifty fel¬ 
lows they proceeded to furnish the 
goods to meet the demand. They in- 
bred the culls that the American left, 
so that this importer says that he found 
only “weeds” in some of the stables 
where he formerly found “flowers.” 
As a general thing Jerseys blend well 
with other breeds of cattle, but it is 
desirable to use a Jersey bull with the 
different breeds of cows rather than a 
bull of some other breed with Jersey 
cows. Holstein bulls arc particularly 
undesirable to use with smaller cows, 
for the reason that the Holstein calves 
are very large and coarse-boned at birth 
and great injury is often done to the 
cows at calving. Some careful dairy¬ 
men, who do not raise calves, use a 
Jersey bull on their grade Holstein 
cows, preferring to kill the calves and 
feed them to the hens, etc., rather than 
to have big calves that will bring $2 
at birth for fattening purposes. They 
say that $2 does not go far in paying a 
veterinary in caring for an injured cow. 
If I had a herd of “scrub” cows and 
wished to grade them up with Jersey 
1 flood, I should select a bull from some 
good, large, deep-milking family of 
Jerseys, and be sure that the individual 
was representative of the family. There 
are many Jersey cows that will weigh 
from 1,000 to 1,100 pounds. These are 
found more frequently among the St. 
Lambert s, but the Pedro s, the Signal s, 
and Tormentors also have them. And 
I have seen cows imported from the 
Island that weighed better than 1,000 
pounds. As the scrubs and grades are 
generally larger and coarser than the 
Jerseys, and also as they do not give so 
rich milk, some may ask why not in¬ 
troduce a bull from a fine, very rich 
milking family? I would not do this 
because I think the difference in the 
two types would be too great and I 
should expect to get more heifers that 
would show the undesirable qualities of 
both parents, rather than the good ones. 
If I were going to grade up a herd I 
should certainly buy at least one or two 
registered heifers with my bull and that 
would be one reason why I should re¬ 
quire a bull good enough to start a 
herd of purebreds with. I would buy 
heifers of the same general conforma¬ 
tion as the bull, but if my bull for the 
reasons given above was rather coarse, 
1 should like the heifers to be of a 
rather finer type, so as to avoid too 
much coarseness in my future herd. 
Many men will say that they do not 
care for the shape of a cow if she will 
only make the money. But I do not 
think this is the proper view of the case. 
We farmers have to get most of the en¬ 
joyment of life out of our farms—or 
at least we should. It is not so hard 
work for me to follow a nice team to 
the plow as it is for me to follow a 
pair of old “skates,” and I can give 
better service to a herd of beautiful 
cows than I could to one of bob-tailed 
scrubs. At evening I can rest better 
and enjoy my books and papers more 
under a nice elm or maple with a view 
of green fields and wooded hills before 
me than I could sitting on the steps 
of an East Side tenement. 
In conclusion I will sum the matter 
up in this wise: If I wanted to start in 
breeding purebred cattle of any kind I 
would look up the advertisements in the 
reliable farm papers—those who guar¬ 
antee a “square deal.” Then T would 
write these men, stating my case. Tell 
them what kind of a herd 1 already 
had and ask them if they could furnish 
me with the proper animals to improve 
it. And never forget also to ask them 
to furnish references or letters from 
people to whom they 1 had previously 
sold cattle. Then I would look over 
the replies of these breeders and buy 
of the one that offered the seemingly 
best at the lowest price. (Provided the 
price was not so low as to preclude 
the possibility of getting first-class ani¬ 
mals.) I should let tlie seller select the 
individuals, with the warning that if 
they were not just as represented 
they would not be accepted. I should 
also ask him to tell me how they had 
been fed and cared for that I might 
properly care for them. In this way 
there is not half so much risk in buy¬ 
ing cattle as there is when you go 
about among the common run of farm¬ 
ers and buy scrub stock, in which case 
you must be your own judge and de¬ 
tect faults yourself. And I think that 
most of you will agree with me when I 
say that it takes a very smart man to 
go into a strange herd and detect all 
the faults of the individuals at once 
looking them over. j. grant morse. 
Mil Ik I AJkijm nato®* 
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WITH GROOVED TIRES 
4 in. widej The Groove protects 
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WAGON SENSE 
Don’t break your back and kill your 
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For comfort’s sake get an 
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Rm 2A fin i net. 111. 
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CREAM SEPARATORS 
FIRST-CHEAPEST-BEST 
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CHICAGO NEW YORK SAN FRANCISCO 
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Horses 
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JOSEPH DICK 
AGRICULTURAL WORKS 
Box 69, Canton, 0. 
SILO FILLING 
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Formerly Stoddard Mfg. Co. 
220 WEST ST., RUTLAND, VT. 
View of Door 
from inside of 
Silo 
