B 1 G . N 
which is unequally crenalc; the middle leaflet is three 
inches and a half in length, the lateral ones proportionally 
ihorter. The corolla is pale yellow, with red dots ; the tube 
is two inches in length. Native of Peru, in very dry land. 
14. Bignonia radicans, or rooting or alb-leaved trum¬ 
pet-flower: leaves pinnate; leaflets galhed ; ftem with 
rooting joints. This has rough (terns, which fend out 
many trailing-branches, putting out roots at their joints, 
and thereby fattening themfelves to the trees in their na¬ 
tural places of growth, and climbing to a great height; 
in Europe, where it is generally planted aguinft walls, it 
(hikes into the mortar of the joints l'o ftrongly as to l'up- 
port the branches, and will rife to the height of forty or 
fifty feet. Leaves oppolite at every joint, compiled of 
four pairs of leaflets, terminated by an odd one ; they are 
ferrate, and end in a long, (harp, point. The flowers are 
produced at the ends of the lhoots of the fame year, in 
large bunches; they have long ('welling tubes, (haped 
fomewhat like a trumpet, whence this plant has the ap¬ 
pellation of trumpet-flower. The corolla is of an orange 
colour, and open,s at the beginning of Augtitt. There is 
a variety ; the feeds of which were fent from Carolina, in 
1724, by-Mr. Catefby ; and, fince that time, great num¬ 
bers have been railed from feeds lent to England from the 
fame country. All thefe retain their difference; and there 
is an old plant of each fort growing near together in Chel- 
jea garden, and producing flowers every year, remarkably 
different in fize and colour. Th'e fhape and lize alfo of the 
leaves are very different. 
15. Bignonia flans, or branching-flowered trumpet-flow¬ 
er: leaves pinnate; leaflets ferrate; fleni ered, firm; 
flowers racemed. This is an upright fliru'b, from four to 
eight feet in height, little branched, with a (lender but 
firm and woody trunk. Flowers yellow, with red lines.on 
the iniide of the tube. Siliques half a foot in length, with 
winged feeds. Native of all the fugar iflands in the Weft 
Indies, chiefly in a dry, rocky, or gravelly, foil. Miller 
fays, that he received this fort fir ft in 1729, from La Vera 
Cruz, where Dr. Houftoun found it in great plenty ; fince 
which time.he received the feed from the illand of Ber¬ 
muda, by the title of candle-wood. 
16. Bignonia grandiflora : leaves pinnate; leaflets ovate, 
acuminate, ferrate; ftem twining; calyx femiquinquefid. 
Native of Japan. 
17. Bignonia chelonoides : leaves unequally pinnate; 
leaflets ovate, quite entire, acuminate, pubefeent; corol¬ 
las bearded, with the rudiment of a fifth ftamen. This is 
a large tree, with awhitifh afh-coloured bark. The frefh 
flowers immerfed in water give a pleafant odour ; and in 
the Eaft Indies, of which it is a native, they fprinkle it 
over the temples in a morning, to correct the ftagnant air. 
18. Bignonia fpathacea : leaves unequally pinnate; leaf¬ 
lets ovate, rough with hairs ; calyx one-leafed, fpathed ; 
corolla falver-lhaped. This is a large tree. The ftruc- 
ture of the flower differs from that of the other fpecies; 
but, lince it is a tree with four didynamous ftamens, and 
has a pod filled with winged feeds, it is clearly of this ge¬ 
nus. The timber is alh-coloured, or red, fmooth, and 
much ufed for a variety of utenlils in India. Native of 
Malabar, Java, and Ceylon, in woods near waters. 
19. Bignonia Peruviana : leaves decompound; leaflets 
galhed; ftem with tendrils at the joints. Native of America. 
20. Bignonia Indica, or Indian trumpet-flower : leaves 
bipinnate ; leaflets quite entire, ovate, acuminate. This 
is a large tree, with afeending branches. The flower is 
large and red. Native of the Eaft Indies and Cochin- 
China. Introduced in 1775, by Dr. Solander. A variety 
occurs near Mozambique, in Africa, which has a fmall ar¬ 
boreous ftem, bipinnate leaves like the Indian, peduncles 
many-flowered, terminating; (ilique fmooth, curved, com- 
preffed, a foot long, with oblong two-lobed feeds, in three 
rows in each cell. 
ai. Bignonia cerulea : leaves bipinnate ; leaflets lanceo¬ 
late, entire. This lort grows naturally in the Bahama 
(lands, from whence Mr. Catefby font the feeds in 1724, 
Vol. III. No. 114. 
O N I A. 2 5 
and many of the plants were railed in the gardens near 
London." This', m the country v\ here it grows natural!',, 
riles to the height of twenty feet, fending out many late¬ 
ral branches, with compound winged leaves ; and, at the 
ends of the branches, the flowers are produced in very 
loofe panicles; the foot-ftalks branching into three or four, 
each Curtaining a lingle blue flower, with a long fwelling 
tube, cut into five unequal fegments at the top, where it 
fpreads open. The flowers are fucceeded by oval feed- 
velfels, which are large, flat, two inches over. 
22. Bignonia longillima, or wave-leaved trumpet-flower;, 
leaves (imple, oblong, acuminate; ftem erect; feeds woolly. 
This is an elegant upright tree, forty feet high and up¬ 
wards. Leaves two inches long, on a (lender petiole an 
inch in length, maftly at the ends of the twigs. Native of 
the Weft Indies. This beautiful tree is now cultivated in 
many parts of Jamaica, elpecially in the low lands and fa- 
vannas, where it feems to thrive very luxuriantly. It grows 
to a conliderable lize, and is generally looked upon as an 
excellent timber-tree. Its numerous flowers, and (lender 
liliques, add a peculiar grace to its growth. It is known 
in Jamaica by the name of French oak ; and in the French 
Weft-India iilands it is called chene noir. 
23. Bignonia echinata: climbing; lower leaves ternate, 
upper bijugous, cirrhofe ; fruits echinate. This is a ramb¬ 
ling flirub, climbing to the tops of trees by its very long 
and numerous branches. Native of the Weft Indies, Car- 
thagena, and Guiana. 
24. Bignonia pentandra: leaves bipinnate ; ftamens five, 
with two anthers on each, calyx flefhy-coloured, five- 
toothed. This is a middle-fized tree, with afeending 
branches, and large flowers; feeds oblong, compreffed, 
two-lobed, with a thin membranous wing on each fide. 
Native of Cochin-China, near rivers. 
23. Bignonia alliacea : leaves conjugate ; leaflets ellip¬ 
tic, entire, coriaceous ; peduncles five-flowered, axillary ; 
calyxes entire. The ftrong fmell of garlic betrays this 
plant from afar; hence its trivial title, and its name in 
French, tiane a Vail. It is a native of the Weft-Indian 
iflands, and the forefts of Cayenne and Guiana, 
26. Bignonia callinoides : leaves fimple, elliptic, coria¬ 
ceous; raceme terminating. This fpecies has the appear¬ 
ance of an echites. The branches are covered with an alh- 
coloured bark, are alternately comprelfed above, and dila¬ 
ted under the leaves ; thefe are oppolite, two inches long, 
fmooth, and ftiining. Native of Rio Janeiro. 
27. Bignonia bijuga : leaves abruptly pinnate, bijugous: 
leaflets elliptic, quite entire. Branches covered with air 
alh-coloured bark, and fmooth ; leaves four inches long, 
or more. Native of Madagafcar. 
Propagation and Culture. Thefe are exotic trees or flirubs, 
and may be raifed from feeds fovvn on a moderate hot-bed 
in the fpring. They fhould be loon inured to the open 
air, to prevent their being drawn up weak. They may 
alfo be increafed by cuttings, and fome of them by layers'. 
The feeds of the common catalpa-tree are annually brought 
over from South Carolina. The feedling plants.fhould be 
placed abroad the beginning of June in a Iheltered fitua- 
tion till autumn, when they Ihould be placed under a com¬ 
mon frame to lereen them from froft in winter; but in 
mild weather they muft be fully expofed to the open air, 
The following fpring thefe may be taken out of the pots, 
and planted in a nurfery-bed, in a warm lituation, where 
they may remain two years to get ftrength, and afterwards 
planted in the places where they are defigned to remain. 
Thefe plants, when young, are frequently injured by frofr, 
for they (hoot pretty late in the autumn, fo that the early 
frofts often kill the extremity of their brandies ; but, as 
tire plants advance in ftrength, they become more hardyi 
and are feldom injured but in very fevere winters. It is 
late in the fpring before thefe trees come out, which has 
often caufed perfons to believe they were dead; and fome 
have been fo imprudent, as to cut them down on that fup- 
polition, before the tree was well known. It may alfo be 
propagated by cuttings, which fnould be planted in pots 
II in 
