B O L 
gentle, and a foveraine, lord. And if any perfon tfill 
Judge of my caufe, 1 require them to judge the bed. And 
thus I take my leave of the world, and of you all. And 
I heartily delire you all to pray for me.” After which, 
adds lord Herbert, “ coming to her devotions, her head 
was dricken off by a fword. And thus ended the queen, 
lamented by many, both as (he was defirous to advance 
learned men, in which number Latimer bifhop of Wor- 
cefter and Saxton bilhop of Sali(bury are recounted, and 
as (lie was a great alms-giver, infomuch that (lie is (aid in 
three quarters of a year to have bellowed fourteen or fif¬ 
teen thoufand pounds in this kinde, belides money intend¬ 
ed by her towards railing a dock for poor artificers in the 
realme.” In one of the letters (he wrote to Henry pre¬ 
vious to her trial (lie fays, “You have chofen me from a 
low eftate to be your queen and companion, far beyond 
my defert or defire. If then you found me worthy of fuch 
honour, let not any light fancy or bad counfel of mine 
enemies withdraw your princely favour from me. Nei¬ 
ther let that (lain, that unworthy (lain, of a difioyal heart 
towards your good grace ever call (b foul a blot on your 
mod dutiful wife, and the infant princeffe her daughter. 
Try me, good king, but let me have a lawfull trial, and 
let not my fworn enemies fit as my accufers and judges. 
Yea, let me receive an open trial, for my truth (hall fear 
no open (hatne.” 
BO'LI, or Bom, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the 
province of Natolia : 14a miles ead of Condantinople, 
and feventy-four north-wed-of Angura. Lat.40. 25. N. 
Ion. 49. 48. E. Ferro. 
ROLl'NA, in fhbulons hidory, a nymph of Achaia, 
who rejected the addreffes of Apollo, and threw herfelf 
into the fea to avoid his importunities. The god made 
her immortal. Paufanias. 
BOLINA'O, a feaport town, on the ifland of Lupon, or 
Manilla. 
BO'LINGBROKE, a very ancient town inLincolnfhire, 
fituated in a valley, between the river Witliam and the 
fea-coad. It had a large cadle, which was demolifiied by 
Oliver Cromwell. John of Gaunt kept his court in the 
cadle, and his fourth fon was born there, who was after¬ 
wards Henry IV. furnamed Henry of Bolingbrckc. The 
church was formerly very large; but the (ieeple and 
greated part of the church w ere demolifiied by Cromwell. 
It had a fair on St. Peter’s day, and a w eekly market on 
Tuefdays; both of which are difeontinued. It is four 
miles fouth-wed of Spilfby, feven miles fouth-ead of 
Horncaftle, thirteen miles north-ead of Bodon, and 129 
miles from London. Its only manufaflure is earthen¬ 
ware. It gives the title of vifeount to the family of St. 
John, as it did formerly the title of earl. See Saint- 
John and Heraldry. 
BOLJPLEI'K A, a town of Ruflia, in the government 
«f Saratov, on the wed fide of the Volga, 124 miles Couth 
of Saratov. 
BO'LIS,/ [I.at.J— Bolts is a great fiery ball, fwiftly 
hurried through the air, and generally drawinga tail after 
it. Aridotle calls it capra. There have often been immenfe 
balls of this kind. MuJ'chcnbroec/i. 
BOL'KOWITZ, a town of Silefia, in the duchy of 
Glogaw ; twenty miles fouth of Glogaw. 
BOI.L, f. A round ftalk or dem ; as, a boll of flax. 
To BOLL, v. n. [from the noun.J To rile in a flalk.— 
And the flax and the barley was fmitten: for the barley 
was in the ear, and the flax was boiled. Exodus. 
BOL'LARDS,/. large pods fet into the ground on 
each fide of a dock. On docking or undocking (hips, 
large blocks are lafhed to them ; and through thefe blocks 
are reefed the tranfporting hawfers to be brought to the 
capdons. 
BCL'LEN, a town of-Germauy, in the circle of Auf- 
tria, and duchy of Carinthia, feven miles call of Millftat. 
BOL'LIN, a river of England, which runs into the 
Merfey, four miles ead-north-ead of Warrington. 
BOI.LI'TO,yi a name by which the Italians call a fca~ 
VOL. III. No. 122. 
B O L 
green colour in artificial chrydal. To prepare this colour, 
take forty pounds of good chryftal, fird carefully Ikimmed, 
boiled, and purified, without any manganefe : alfo twelve 
ounces of the powder of (mail leaves of copper thrice cal¬ 
cined, and half an ounce of zaftie in powder : mix them 
together; and put them at four times into the pot, that 
they may the better mix with the glafs; (lining them well 
each time of putting in the powder, led the mixture (houi-d 
(well and run over. 
BOLN'KI, a town of Lithuania, in the province of V/il- 
na, fourteen miles eaft-fouth-ea(t of WilkomiCrz. 
BOLO'GNA, a city of Italy, and capital of the Boiog- 
nefe, anciently called Fc/fina, a name by fome fuppofed to 
be derived from Fdfmus, a king of the Tufcans, the foun¬ 
der; by others, from Fe/fina, which fignifies a fortrefs; 
about five miles in circumference. It is lituated at the, 
foot of the Appenines, in a beautiful plain, and contains, 
about fixty thoufand fouls, its form being oblong, it has, 
been compared to a (hip; the tower of Afinelli, 307 feet 
in height, is called the great mad. The city is furrounded 
with a Ample brick wall, folid and lofty. The public edi¬ 
fices are magnificent, as well for the architecture as the 
ornaments; and next to Rome this city contains the mod 
beautiful paintings of any in Italy, by the Caraecis, Al- 
bano, Guido, Guercino, Raphael, Dominichino, &c. They 
count near two hundred churches: the cathedral is fimple 
and noble. Here have been fome of the ricbed convents 
in Italy, thirty-five of men, and thirty-eight et" women. 
It is the fee of an archbiftiop, who has for fuffragans the 
bidiops of Crema, Borgo, St. Donino, Modena, Parma, 
Piacenza, and Reggio. The academy, which they call 
Specula, is a magnificent building, divided into many apart¬ 
ments, filled with natural curiofities, machines, indru- 
ments, See. The fchool of painting has been long ce!e« 
brated. The academy and the univerlity are botii in a 
flourifhing date. The public theatre is one of the mod 
beautiful and larged in Italy. The arts are cultivated, 
and indiidry encouraged ; the liik manufactory employs- 
near two hundred mills, and has flouriflied from the year 
1341; there are maun failures of lace, filk'^jffs, crapes, 
paper, glafs, playing cards, artificial flowers, and toys in 
wax, liqueurs, confeftionary, perfumery, &c. The inha¬ 
bitants are reckoned gay, and free in their manner,' good 
friends, but irreconcileable enemies ; frugality and fimpli- 
city are their principal virtues : fifty-five miles north of 
Florence, eighty-fix fouth-fouth-wed of Venice, and near 
200 miles from Rome. 
BOLG'GNE, a town of France, in the department of 
the Upper Marne, and the chief place of a canton, in ihe 
didriCt of Chanmont. It is divided into two towns, the 
Upper and Lower; the fird is drongly foriified, the other 
is inclofed by walls only. The port is at the mouth of 
the river Liana:, but the water is fo (hallow that no (hips 
of burden can enter it. 
BOLO'GNESE, a country of Italy, bounded on the 
north by the Ferrarefe, on the ead by Romagna, on the 
fouth by Tufcnny, and on the welt by Modena ; anciently 
inhabited by the Boiiand the Figures. It afterwards be¬ 
came a republic, under the proteClion of the emperors. 
Divided by two faflions, one of them bad recourfeto pope 
Nicholas II. who ufurped a defpotic authority, of which 
the people foon grew tired, and chofe Tadeo Pepoli, a 
man of great integrity, for their fird magiflrate, who pre- 
fided over their affairs for twelve years with great wifdom; 
but his unworthy Tons fold Bologna to the arehbifhop ct 
Milan. The people Ihoolc off this yoke likewife, and, in 
1513, they became fubjefl to the pope, on condition they 
might preferve their privileges. In 1796, Bologna, the 
capital, being taken by the French revolutionary army, 
it entered, with Ferrara, Modena, and Reggio, into a 
treaty to form a republic, under the name of the Rfpublic a 
Cifpadona. See Grim ai.di. 
BOLO'GNIAN STONE, f. a phofphoric fubflanc© 
fird difeovered near Bologna, in Italy, whence it received 
it$ name. Lpmery reports, that an Italian (hoemaker, 
. S f named 
