*5$ B O L r, 
named Vincenzo Cafciarolo, firft difcovered its pliofphoric 
property. It is the ponderous lpar, or combination of 
vitriolic acid with ponderous earth. This man found, it 
at the foot of mount Paterno ; and, from its brilliancy 
and weight, was led to fuppofe that it contained (liver. 
Playing expo fed it to the-fire, doubt-lefs with the intention 
of obtaining that precious metal, he obferyed that it was 
luminous in the dark; a difcovdry which engaged his at¬ 
tention, and was frequently repeated with fuccefs. Many : 
philod?,pliers and chemifts have fince examined this phe- 
norheno.it, and .have varied the method of calcining the 
Bolognian done in many refpedts It feems as if the 
greatefi degree of phofphorefcence depended on a due ap¬ 
plication of the heat ; but many trivial circumftances were 
noticed by the earlier chemifts, which in all probability 
had-little to do in producing this effedl:. An extreme de¬ 
gree of heat fufes this done. See Barytes. 
BOI.OTO'VA, a town of Siberia, twenty-four miles 
north-eaft of Nertchinfk. 
BOLSCJHAI'A, a town of Siberia, on the Irtifch, 240 
miles eaft-fouth.-eaft of Tobol(k. 
BOLSCH AK 1 N A, a town of Siberia, fixty-eight miles 
foitth of Orlenga. 
BOLSE'NA, a town of Italy, fituated on the fide of a 
lake of the fame name, eight leagues in circumference; 
ieven miles Couth of Orvieto. 
BOL'SOVER, a market town in Derby (hire, fix miles 
from Chefterfield, thirteen from Sheffield, and 147 from 
London. It is fituated upon an eminence, commanding 
an extenlive profpedt, and is a very healthful and pleafant 
place. At the north-weft fide of the town, in a romantic 
lkuatioi), (lands the caflle, a venerable pile. The part 
called the Old Building, is a noble and lofty ftruchire, 
nine (lories high ; the floors, and roof, which is flat, are 
all fupported bv (loije pillars, and the mod curious Go¬ 
thic-groins. This building is kept in good repair by his 
grace the duke of Portland. As one fide of the town and 
caftle- (lands to the Commit of a very high and deep hill, 
the other (ides (except where openings have been cut for 
roads) are furrounded by a deep ditch and high bank up¬ 
wards of ten yards from the bottom of the ditch to the top 
pf the bank. This bulwark, or intrenchment, extends 
about half a mile, and at one end of the town next the 
church is double. It is much noticed by the curious tra¬ 
veller ; but upon what occalion it was done is not known, 
—very probably in the barons wars. Bolfover contains 
about 140 families ; the market day is on Friday, and one 
annual fair on Midrummer-day; and on All Saints a fta- 
tute for hiring fervants. The church is fpacious, and 
very, elegantly feated with vvainfeot. Here is a fchool 
erected and endowed by the late countefs dowager of Ox¬ 
ford. Here is no regular manufactory: the buckles, (cal¬ 
led after the name of the town,) fpurs, bridle-bits, and 
ftirrup-irons, which have been much preferred in many 
parts of the kingdom for their neatnefs of workman(hip > 
poli(hr, and fuperior firength and duration, continue to be 
made by individuals in a fort of retail way. The town is 
governed by a conftable and two head-boroughs. 
About a mile and a half from the town is Shuttlewood- 
fpa. In 1732, Cha. Bafsledine, Efq. put down a (mall 
neat bafon inclofing the fpring, and made a bath below, 
into which the bafon empties itfelf. The water has been 
very fuccefsful in Clearing pimpelled faces, eruptions on 
the fkin, old ulcers, (tranguary, weariness of the joints, 
&c. and the fait of the-water, diflblved and fet to eryflal- 
fize, is wholly marine. Three miles.north from Bolfover, 
upon a branch of the Chefterfield canal navigation, and 
adjoining to the turnpike-road front Chefterfield to Work- 
fop, are the great coal-works, called Norbrig’s colliery, 
belonging to his grace the duke of Portland. 
BO'LSTER,y. [ boijlre , Sax. bojler, Dutch.].Something- 
laid on the bed, to raife and fupport the head; commonly 
a bag filled with down feathers : 
This arm (hall be a boljler for thy head ; 
i’ll fetch clean draw to make a foldier’s bed. Gay, 
1 
B O L 
A pad, or quilt, to hinder any preflure, orfill up any vacuity : 
Up goes lier hand, and off (he flips 
The bojlers that fupply her hips. Swift. 
A pad, or comprefs, to be laid on a wound.—The band¬ 
age is the girt, which hath a boljler in the middle, and the 
ends tacked firmly together. IViJeman. 
• [In horfemanfliip.] The boljlers of a faddle- are thofe 
parts raifed upon the bows, to hold the rider’s thigh. 
To BO'LSTER, v. a. [from the noun.] To fupport 
the head with a bolder; to afford a bed to ; to hold woundp 
together with a comprefs'—The practice of boftering the 
cheeks forward, does little fervice to the wound, and is 
very uneafy to the patient. Sharp. —To fupport ; to hold 
up; to maintain. This is now an expreffion fomewhat 
coarfe and oblolete.—It was the way of many to boljler up 
their crazy doating confciences with confidences. South. 
BOLS'WA-ERT, a-town of the United Dutch States 
in Friefiand, faid to have been built in the year 713, by 
Bolfwine, fon of Radbode, king of Friefiand, from whom 
it took its name. It was feveral times laid wade by the 
Danes and Normans at its commencement; it was almoft 
burnt down in 1475, and again in 1513, when it was re¬ 
built and furrounded with a rampart of earth. Near to 
Bolfwaert was a Ciftercian abbey, called Oldecloofter, to 
which the anabaptifts retired, and fortified themfelves, in 
1534: in this abbey was interred William IV. count of 
Holland and Hainault, who was (lain by the Frieflanders, 
near Staveren, in the year 1345. About a league from, 
this town is a port, which, though much obftrudted by 
fand, is of great utility to the inhabitants. Bolfwaert is 
about two miles round, and was anciently conlidered as 
one of the Hanfe towns : thirteen miles fbuth-weft of Le- 
warden, and Ieven (buth-fouth-ead; of Harlingen. Lat.. 
S3- 2. N. Ion. 26. 10. E. Ferro. 
BOLS'WERT or Bolsuerd, (Boetius Adam 3,) an 
engraver of Antwerp, was the descendant of a. family who. 
re/ided at the city of Bolfwert in Friefeland, from whence 
they derived their name. He flourifhed about 1620, and.- 
worked with the graveronly. The free open llyie of the- 
Bloemarts he imitated with great fuccefs ; and perhaps 
perfedled himfelf in their fchool. Wheu.he worked from 
Rubens, he altered that ftyle ; and his plates are nearer, 
fuller of colour, and more highly finifhe.d. The two fol¬ 
lowing from this mafter are in high efteenw t. The Re- 
furredfion of Lazarus, a large upright plate. 2. The Lad; 
Supper, its companion. Bafan, (peaking of this print, 
fays, that it proves by its beauty, and the knowledge with, 
which it is engraved, that this artift could fotnetimes equal, 
his brother Scheltius. 
BOLS'WERT or Bo-l-s-uer-d, (Scheltius a,) an admi¬ 
rable engraver, brother of the preceding. The time of 
his birth and of his death, and the name of the mafter lie 
ftudied under, are equally unknown. Bolfwert worked, 
entirely with the graver, and never called in the affiftance- 
of the point-. His general character as an .artift is well: 
drawn by Bafan in the following words: “ We have a. 
large number of prints, which are held in great efteem, by 
thisartift, from various mafters ; but efpecially from Ru¬ 
bens, whofe pidlitres he has copied with all poflible tafte 
and effedt. The freedom with which this excellent artift. 
handled the graver, the pidturefque roughnefsof etching,, 
which he could imitate without any other aflifting infirm - 
mer,t, and the- ability he poffelfed of diftinguifhing the 
different maffes of colours, have always been admired b.y 
the connoilTeurs, and give him a place in the number of 
thofe celebrated engravers, whofe prints ought to be con— 
fidered as models by all hiftorical engravers. His bed 
works, though not uniformly neat or finifhed, are always 
beautiful, and manifeft the hand of a mafter. His name 
is ufually affixed to his plates in this manner, “ S. A. Bolf-. 
wert.” It is very neceffary to caution the colledtors of 
this mafter’s works, that many of them have been copied 
in a very careful manner, fo as eafily to deceive the unfkil- 
ful. Among the mod valuable of his engravings are the 
following; 
