'ICS 
CAN CAN 
rival at the Porte. Being fent in 17x0, by the Ottoman againft any who fhould attempt it. After that the- city 
minifter, to defend Moldavia againft the czar Peter, he flourifhed greatly ; though it fufFered in common with 
delivered it up to that monarch : and, following his new other towns during the Danifh invafions, and at other 
matter through His conquefts, indemnified himfelf for all times by the cafualties of tire. The city was given en- 
be had loti; for he obtained the title of prince of the tirely to the bilhops by William Rufus, and was held ire 
empire, with full power and authority over the Molda- the utnioft veneration after the murder of Thomas a 
Vians, who quitted their country to attach themfelves to 
his fortunes. He died in 1723. He was author of fome 
confiderable works : 1. An Hillory of the Rife and Fall of 
the Ottoman Empire, in Latin. 2. The Syfteni of the 
Mahommedan Religion. This work was written in the 
Ruffian language, at the command of the czar Peter, to 
whom it is dedicated. 3. The Prefent State of Molda¬ 
via, in Latin; with a large map of the country. 
C ANTEMIR'(Antiochus), "fon of the preceding, born 
in 1710. The mod (killed at Peterlburgh in mathema¬ 
tics, phyfics, hiftory, morality, and polite literature,were 
employed to continue tliofe lebhires, which It is father 
had begun to give him. The academy of Peterfburg 
opened their gates to him, and the miniflry initiated him 
i into affairs of ft ate. Succeflively ambaffador to London 
and Paris, he was equally admired as a minifter and man 
of letters. On his return to Ruffia, he conducted him- 
ielf with confummate wifdom and prudence, during the 
different revolutions which agitated that country. This 
accomplifhed perfon died in 1744, aged 34. The Ruffians 
before hint had nothing in verfe, but lome barbarous 
fongs: he was the firlf who introduced any real poetry 
among them. The abbe de Guafco, who tranflated his 
Satires, has written his life. 
CA'NTER, f. A term of reproach for hypocrites, 
who talk formally of religion, without obeying it. 
CAN'TER, f iit horfentanfhip. See Canterbury 
Gallop. 
CAN'TER, (William) an eminent philologili, born at 
Utrecht in 1542, and ftudied firlf at Louvain, and then at 
Paris. He afterwards vifited feveral univerfities in Ger¬ 
many and Italy, and at length fettled at Louvain,where he 
purfued his literary occupations till the termination of 
his life, at an early age, in 1575. Tluianus reckoned him 
among the molt learned men of his age, and laments his 
immature death as a great lofs to literature. He under¬ 
stood fix languages, befides that of his own country, viz. 
the Latin, Greek, Hebrew, French, Italian, and German. 
The principal of Iris works are, Eight Books under the 
title of Varies LeEliones , containing emendations of feveral 
ancient authors, publifhed at different times, and re¬ 
printed in Gruter’s Tliefaurus, tom. iii. Latin verlions 
of the Caffandra of Lycophron, of fbrne Pythagorean 
■ethical Fragments from Stobxus, of the Difcourfes of 
Ariltides, and of Synefnis, &c. Notes on the Familiar 
Epiftles and Offices of Cicero, various readings on le- 
veral MSS. of the Septuagint, editions of Euripides, 
./Efchylus, Sophocles, and various other authors; and 
feveral Latin poems in the Deliciae Poetarum Belgantm. 
CANTERBURY, the capital of the county of Kent, 
anu the metropolitical fee of the archbilhop, who is pri¬ 
mate of all England, is fituated in the ealtern part of the 
county, fifty-fix miles from London, fixteen from Mar¬ 
gate, -fixteen from Deal, and fixteen from Dover. Its 
jit nation is in a pleafant valley, between hills of a mode¬ 
rate height and ealy afeent, with fine fprings riling from 
them. It had the names of Durovernum and Darvernum 
given it by the Romans, and Durobcrnia by Bede, which 
are thought to be derived from Durwhem, fignifying a ra¬ 
pid flream, the Stour, on which it hands. The Britons 
called it Cacr-Kent, i. e. the City of Kent ; and its prefent 
Englifit name is of the fame import, derived from the 
Saxon. Modern writers in Latin call it Cantuaria. Its 
great antiquity appears not only from Antoninus’s Itine¬ 
rary, but from the military way'which has been dif- 
covered here, befides the coins and other curiofities found 
about it. 'i tie archiepifcopal and metropolitical dignity 
leems to have been fettled here very early ; and, to pre¬ 
vent it$ being removed, an anathema was decreed 
Becket, in the reign of Henry II. to whole fhrine fo- 
great was the refort, and fo rich were the offerings, that 
Erafmus, who was an eye-witnefs of its wealth, fays., the 
chapel in which he was interred glittered with jewels ; 
and, at the diffolution, tire plate and jewels filled two 
great cherts, each of which required eight flrong men to 
carry it out. The cathedral was granted by Ethelbert, 
king of Kent, upon his converfion, to Audio the Monk, 
afterwards St. Auguftin, furnamed the Englifh apoftle, 
who founded a monartery here for monks, called from 
him Augujiin. After the cathedral had been feveral 
times deftroyed, the prefent foundation was begunabout 
the year 1174, and augmented and embellifhed by the 
fucceeding archbiffiops, till it was completed in the reign 
of Henry V. It is a noble Gothic pile, and before the 
reformation had thirty-feven altars. A great many 
kings, princes, cardinals, and archbiffiops, are buried m 
it. At the diffolution, Henry VIII. feized all the reve¬ 
nues both of the church and monaftery. During the. 
grand rebellion, it buffered much ; the ufurper Cromwell 
having made a liable of it for his dragoons. After'the 
rertoration, it was repaired, and made what it now ap¬ 
pears. The mod rtriking of the external parts of the 
cathedral, are the following: CI11 ift-church-gate, an 
elegant Gothic ftrudhire, built in 1317, as appears by a 
Latin infeription in the cornice. On entering, our at¬ 
tention is attracted by the Oxford rteeple, a tower 130 
•feet in height, at the fouth-welt corner of the body of the. 
church, with four handfome pinnacles, very ftrongly 
built, and buttreffed from the ground to the top. As we 
proceed, the view finely opens, and difplays the fontli 
fide of the body, part of the weftern crofs aifle, and that 
ftately tower called Bell.Harry rteeple, whole height is 
235 feet, which, for the elegant proportions of the build¬ 
ing, and its ornaments, is perhaps the completed flruc- 
ture of the kind any where to be feen. It was begun by 
prior Selling, and finiffied by his fuccelfor, Thomas- 
Goldftone, allifted by archbilhop Morton. On its top 
hangs a fmall bell, called Bell-Harry, which is tolled 
every day far prayers, but never rung, except on the- 
death of the king, queen, or archbilhop. A little far¬ 
ther eaftward is the tower, called that of St. Peter and 
St. Paul, till the fhrine of St. Anfelm was placed in it, 
when it became his chapel. From the fouth-weft corner 
of St. Anfelm’s chapel, we pafs through the cemetery- 
gate, which parted the burying-ground of the laity from 
that of the monks, which brings to view the fine chapel 
of the Holy Trinity, built in a different rtyle, but by no 
means inferior in beauty. This chapel contained the 
fhrine of St. Thomas a Becket, and was called after his 
name, as was alfb the church till tlie diffolution. At 
the call end of this chapel, is another circular one, called 
Becket’s Crown, in which it is laid his fkull was pre- 
ferved as a relic. This building was unfiniffied at the 
diffolution, when Henry VIII. put a flop to the works, 
and feized on the treafures. 11 now recovered its ancient 
name of Cbrift-church. The body of the church mea. 
f’ures, from the weft door to the choir fleps, ijS feet; 
from north to fouth, including the fide allies, leventy- 
one feet; and in height, to the vaulted roof, eighty feet. 
The choir is thought to be the mod fpacious of any in 
the kingdom, being 180 feet in length from the weft door 
to the altar, and thirty-eight in breadth between the two 
fide-doors. The altar-piece was defigned by fir James 
’Burrough, mafler of Caius college, Cambridge. The 
great weft window has lately been repaired and beautified 
with ftained glafs, with fo much (kill and ex-pence, that 
it is laid to rival almoft any thing of the kind in the 
kingdom. Behind the altar is the beautiful chapel of 
• the 
